The water worlds are more common than we thought.

The water worlds are more common than we thought. So could the hypothetical planet X be the frozen zombie planet there are no internal nuclear reactions? There are plans to send a probe for searching that mysterious object which causes the errors in the trajectory of Neptune. Could that thing be the frozen water world there are no internal nuclear reactions? The thing that makes this hypothetical planet interesting is that it's invisible. 

Water worlds or planets that are covered by a water layer are more common than anybody expected. The water worlds can be planets there is liquid water. But there is also the possibility. That large-size objects are forming from ice. So in some theories, the mysterious "Planet X" is the frozen water world. In that case, hundreds of kilometers deep of ice can cover a large part of that planet. 

But in the case of "Planet X," we should talk rather about the "gravitational effect X" than some planets. One of the explanations why we cannot see hypothetical "planet X" is that the planet is so old that in its nucleus is no radioactive material left. And its nucleus is turning cold. In that case, the planet will not send its radiation at all. That means it's impossible to detect by using infrared. 

But when we are thinking about the water worlds there is one thing that can make them hard to detect. Water has one quantum state that we don't remember. That molecule is polar. So that means if the planet's magnetic field is very strong. It can turn water molecules in the same way. 

Two things can keep water liquid on hot planets. The first thing is gravitation. In an exoplanet, Gliese 436 gravitation causes the ice core covers the entire planet. Which surface temperature is over 400 degrees Celsius. And the second thing is the strong magnetic field. The strong magnetic field can also deny water vaporization. 

A strong magnetic- or gravitational field can turn the entire planet superconducting. That means the magnetic or gravitational field can remove oscillation from the minerals and other materials. And that thing turns planet superconducting. In that case, radiowaves can travel through this planet. 

The thing that can make the planet invisible is (almost) 100% reflection. There is a possibility that a certain level of radiation reflection creates a shockwave or standing wave above the layer. In that case, the standing wave motion will drive a large part of incoming radiation through that planet. And that thing makes it harder to detect. 

In that case, reflection impacts incoming radiation with the same power. Or the material will pull most of the radiation in it. And in that case, there is a possibility that the outcoming radiation pushes reflection back on that planet. We must remember that things like hypothetical "planet X" are extremely cold objects.  

And in that case, the oxygen or hydrogen atoms can turn outside. This thing forms a magnetic monopole. If the water is in the direction where all molecules are in the same direction it can turn the object hard to detect. In that case, there is no other emission than oxygen or hydrogen. 

If the temperature of the planet is extremely low. That planet turns into a superconductor. The superconducting planet could let radio waves travel through it. And in another case, the strong gravitational field can turn the planet superconducting. Superconduction means that the atoms or molecules are locked and their oscillation is removed. 

Normally researchers make that thing by decreasing the temperature. But also strong gravitation or a strong magnetic field can turn planet superconducting. 

https://scitechdaily.com/surprise-finding-water-worlds-may-be-more-common-than-we-thought/

https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/planets/hypothetical-planet-x/in-depth/

Image: NASA

https://astronomyandtechnology.blogspot.com/

Astronomers found that exoplanet TOI-1452 b could be a so-called water world.

Artist's impression of exoplanet TOI-1452 b

The anatomy of water worlds. 

Exoplanet TOI-1452 b is orbiting red dwarf TOI-1452 for 11 days. There is a possibility, that a thick water layer covers the entire exoplanet TOI-1452 b. That thing makes that exoplanet very interesting. TOI-1452 b is 70 times larger than Earth and five times more massive than our planet. TOI-1452 b is possible a locked planet where powerful winds are blowing because the difference in temperature between day and night sides is very big. So what kind of world the water world can be? 

That temperature difference causes extremely strong winds. The windspeed in those jet streams can rise over Mach 1. The difference in the wind speed in latitudes causes the stripes in the water world's atmosphere and the friction between those stripes will heat the atmosphere of the water world. 

And if there forms some kind of hurricanes in the atmosphere of water worlds those hurricanes can stay years. The water worlds have stripes because there is nothing that can disturb the atmosphere. Forming clouds requires islands or dry areas. Ans waves require that there is some kind of shoals. 

If there are no shoals or landmass the oceans can be very slight, because nothing will cause the waves. There are possible massive vertical flows that are chancing water at the surface. But those flows require that there is some kind of volcanic activity below the ocean. There is the possibility that water layers over the water world exoplanets are even thousands of kilometers deep. 

The massive gravitation can pull water even to ice. The exoplanet Gliese 461 b has a surface covered by ice even if the temperature on that planet is 436 degrees Celsius, but the extreme gravitation pulls water to ice on that planet. 

There is also the possibility that a thick water layer presses the bottom of the ocean to ice. The reason for that is the extremely high pressure will deny the oscillation of water molecules. 

But if the gravitation on the surface of the water world is stronger on Earth but lower than forming of hot ice requires. That means the water will not boil at 100 degrees Celsius. So the oceans of the water worlds can be extremely hot, and they will not boil. Because of massive gravitation. 

There is possible that that planet's ocean swims some kind of lifeforms that are similar to that swam in Earth's oceans before the oxygen is released into the Atmosphere. The water worlds are exoplanets that can support quite similar lifeforms like fishes or sea insects even if that planet is in a powerful radiation zone. The water layer protects animals that are living in that ocean. 

Can there be intelligent lifeforms on water worlds? 

The ocean worlds are very interesting in the point of search for intelligent lifeforms. The intelligent lifeforms can make undersea structures and underwater stations for protecting themselves against the powerful radiation of the central star of some water world. But in most of those models, the intelligent civilization must form on other planets. 

On the water worlds themselves, the endemic species cannot reach the level of the technically advanced civilization, because they cannot make fire or melt metals, which is the key element for technical inventions. But there is always the possibility that the endemic species can use volcanic temperature for melting metals, that was the first step for humans on that route to technically advanced species. 

https://exoplanets.nasa.gov/news/1710/discovery-alert-intriguing-new-super-earth-could-get-a-closer-look/

https://futurism.com/the-strangest-exoplanet-ever

https://www.newsweek.com/exoplanet-alien-life-toi-1452-b-astronomy-james-webb-1736578

https://scitechdaily.com/water-world-astronomers-discover-an-extrasolar-world-that-may-be-entirely-covered-in-a-deep-ocean/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TOI-1452_b

Image: https://scitechdaily.com/water-world-astronomers-discover-an-extrasolar-world-that-may-be-entirely-covered-in-a-deep-ocean/