Showing posts with label string theory. Show all posts
Showing posts with label string theory. Show all posts

Monday, July 7, 2025

The String theory and the 5-plet problem.


"Concept image of strange particles in an atom." (InterestingEngineering)

The 5-plet is a strange 5-particle group detected in the Large Hadron Collider that can challenge String theory and give answers for Dark Matter problems. The problem is that the 5-plet must not exist in the String model. But it still exists. When we think about String theory itself, that theory seems to give answers to every problem in the universe. String theory has the same problem with the Big Bang theory. That theory is commonly accepted, even if it's incomplete. String theory is made for filling the Big Bang theory giving answers to where the material that formed the Big Bang came from. The purpose of String Theory is to answer the question: What “exploded" in the Big Bang? 

String theory is not the same as the Grand Unified Theory, GUT. Some people think that the String theory gives answers to all problems in the universe. 

That is not even close to the truth. The String theory handles small parts of the entirety. And the thing that supports some kind of superstring’s existence is the cosmic web. The main idea of the String theory is that the internal superstrings or energy channels form a dimension. And the universe is like a bubble in one extremely large superstring. Those strings also form material and everything. And every single particle is a bubble in a superstring. We often forget that the Superstring theory is a repair tool for the Big Bang theory, which should explain where the material and energy came from. 

(InterestingEngineering)


The problem with the Big Bang theory is this: it doesn’t answer one of the most critical questions in physics. Where did that energy that formed the Big Bang come from? The Big Bang theory's basement is in the wave-particle duality, WPD. That means wave movement can turn into particles and particles can turn into wave movement. But without wave movement, there are no particles. So there are many updates in the Big Bang theory. The most modern model is that time itself formed the Big Bang. And the Big Bang was rather the Big Burst than the single Bang. That means in modern models the Big Bang was a series of events that formed the material in the form as we know it. 

That means the Big Bang was some kind of annihilation, but it doesn’t answer where those particles that formed the annihilation came from. One of the suggestions for that question is that there formed a giant black hole that exploded.  That black hole could have formed from wave movement that existed before the Big Bang. Or, another suggestion is that the hypothetical black hole was a remnant of the universe that existed before our universe. The multiverse model explains the space as a dimension where Big Bangs happen all the time. And universes form in the crossing points of other universes' radiation. That radiation pushes particles or wave movement into the points where their gravitational effect starts to form new universes. 

But proving that the model is not a very easy thing. If there is material outside the universe, that material is so cold that we cannot see it. But the multiverse is a logical conclusion that begins from the galaxies, galaxy clusters, and superclusters. The idea is that the universe itself is part of a larger entirety. But then we face another way to answer the problem of where everything came from. That answer is written in a very incomplete Brane theory. The idea is that the dimension or third dimension simply collapsed. That opened the channel from the fourth dimension straight to the second dimension. That energy channel formed the event called the Big Bang. If that model can be true the 3D material cannot close that channel because its energy level is too high. 


https://interestingengineering.com/science/ghost-particles-that-could-snap-string-theory


https://penntoday.upenn.edu/news/things-know-can-data-large-hadron-collider-snap-string-theory


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brane


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Unified_Theory


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pion


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_theory


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave%E2%80%93particle_duality



Monday, May 26, 2025

String theory and material.


"Six-dimensional shapes called Calabi-Yau manifolds (3D slices of which are shown here) come in increasingly complicated varieties. In string theory, a microscopic manifold lies at every point in our 4D universe and determines the laws of physics we experience." (QuantaMagazine)


Think about the ring that stands and spins around its axle. That object seems like a ball. In string theory, all material is formed of strings. Think about the ring that stands and spins around its axle. That object seems like a ball. In string theory, all material is formed of strings. Those strings can stretch if they get energy from outside. They can turn into spirals and turn around each other. They can also wrap around themselves and each other. Those strings can form tunnels where energy moves from one place to another. 

In this model, the material is the string that looks like a ring spins around its standing axle. That standing axle is another string. The quantum-low pressure locks the ring around that axle. The axle is colder than the ring and that connects the ring-shaped string into it. In the same way standing, and spinning strings look like the ball, because it spins so fast. That means the 3D structure in the material is only virtual. The thing that keeps this structure stable is the tornado-shaped energy field that conducts energy out from the particle in the middle of it. 

So, that thin energy field forms the axle that connects the ring-shaped energy field into it. The idea is that the tornado must not go through that ring. An energy tornado is like a screw that transports energy out of the structure. The ring-shaped energy field stays standing because there is a small weak point in the electromagnetic field around that quantum tornado. 

If that effect happens between molecules we can say that there is an electromagnetic low pressure. That pulls the ring-shaped energy field against that energy tornado. The energy tornado pulls energy out from the ring. That turns smaller. When that ring turns smaller the outcoming energy, or quantum field tries to fill that place. In that case, the ring-shaped energy field sings like some spring.  If the material is the standing ring that spins around the metal stick that explains also dark energy and dark matter. 

That means the particle wobbles back and forth. Because the ring-shaped energy field is not straight it wobbles. The effect is similar as we would put the ring to spin in a position that it will not be standing straight. There is the possibility that the particle, or energy ring spins half-lying position. That means the dark matter can be the string that's half-laying. The dark energy can be the radiation that comes from the point where the energy tornado hits the energy field. That causes quantum friction which sends wave movement from that point in elementary particles. 



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In the string model material is like a ring-shaped string that spins around the vertical axle. That axle is the quantum tornado that transports energy out from the middle of the structure. Because that ring-shaped energy field spins so fast it seems like a ball. And that means the particle's 3D structure is virtual. 

In the same way, we see a spinning ring that stands and spins around its vertical axle as a ball. We see the material as a ball. The thing is that if that energy tornado cannot transport energy out from the structure. The energy will break the ring. So, a stable black hole can form only in the case, where the energy can travel out from it. 

Or strings can bind energy into the spinning movement. The thing that destroys black holes and other material is the free energy, not energy, that is connected into its structure. The problem is that the structure’s energy level cannot rise endlessly. When the structure’s energy level turns higher than its environment it starts to send energy, or anneal. Energy cannot stay in place. It always moves to a lower energy level.

If we think that superstrings bind energy, their energy level rises. And then some of those strings get lower energy levels. That makes energy move between these strings. That causes giant energy turbulence that rips the structure open. When those energy strings send energy they form empty space. That increases entropy in the system. And then sooner or later, some of the superstrings cut or form a hole in the black hole structure. That releases energy against outer strings at a very high speed. That energy wave breaks those strings. 



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String theory also explains the existence of the universe like this. Before the Big Bang event. There formed a ring-shaped energy field that started to pack energy inside it. Because that ring- or wheel-shaped string started to spin around its vertical axle and its energy level was higher than the field inside it, that field started to pack energy into one point. The wheel or ring can pack energy until its energy level turns lower than the field inside it. 

That happens when the string's size turns larger and it cannot harness energy from outside. If a string pulls energy from inside it that causes a low energy area near it. The idea is that the field inside that string is actually, many internal strings. And then some of the strings inside that giant ring-shaped steering string cut. 

That causes energy flow against that string. The effect of energy depends on the area and the speed of the energy effect. The small-diameter bullet penetrates the target better than large diameter bullet if the energy that it sends is the same because its impact area is smaller. And that a small bullet transports more energy at its impact point than a large bullet. 

The nuclear bomb and nuclear power plant involve as much energy. The thing that makes the nuclear bomb more devastating is simple. The nuclear bomb releases its energy in a nanosecond. The nuclear plant uses months or years to release that energy. 


The problem is that the string itself cannot turn larger and keep its energy level stable. 


Because the law of conservation of mass and energy means that the string cannot form energy from emptiness. Mass can change into energy and energy can turn into mass. When it expands there is less energy for its area. When the string's energy level decreases, energy from inside breaks out. 

So, where does that energy ring come from? The natural explanation could be the Phoenix Universe or some other universe. The energy stick that travels through the quantum field can make ring-shaped energy fields like when we throw a stick into water. 

When we use things called earthing we conduct electricity to ground. The thing that turns electricity harmless is it travels into such a large object that its level turns low. The electricity itself doesn't go anywhere. It just travels to such a large object that its level turns so low, that we cannot feel it. So the same energy level or energy mass, if we compare the energy with water can turn devastating, if it's in a small object there it is released very fast. In small-area objects, the fall-altitude of energy is higher than in large-area objects. 

Theoretically it is possible that we can carry electricity in the large plates and then focus that energy on the small plate. The problem is that the energy level in a small object is higher. So we must make a system that pulls energy into the smaller plate from the back of that plate. Another thing is that the energy can travel from a larger area to a smaller area only if the larger area has a higher energy level than the small particle. 

The answer to that question can be a large energy pump that pulls energy out from the back of the smaller particle. The energy flow that comes from the front loads energy to that particle that is between the energy pump and the energy source. This energy makes the star's anneal brighter near black holes. 


https://cerncourier.com/a/testing-times-for-strings/


https://www.quantamagazine.org/ai-starts-to-sift-through-string-theorys-near-endless-possibilities-20240423/


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_theory


Wednesday, February 23, 2022

Magnetic fields are feeding black holes.



"This figure shows the magnetic field orientation (streamlines) and direction (animated streamlines) in the central 1 kpc starburst ring of the spiral galaxy NGC 1097 using data from the radio polarimetric observations. Credit: Lopez-Rodriguez et al". (ScitechDaily, SOFIA Reveals How Magnetic Fields Help Feed a Supermassive Black Hole)


String theory determines material as the ball of 2D strings. Those strings form the yarn ball-type structure called particles. The wave-particle duality means that material can turn to string or wave movement. And the counter-reaction should also be possible. The string can turn into a particle. Only elementary particles like quarks can form from that thing. 

So if we want to compare string with yarn ball we should only take the string that has the right length for creating dark matter. The idea is simple we should only determine the length of the string that forms dark matter. And then we could build dark matter quite easily. But as you know making that thing into practice requires a little bit of work. 

So string theory means that. The strings that are forming material are like quantum-size lightning. And the wave-particle duality means that the material is one form of energy. Wave-particle duality means that particles have mass. And because wave movement can turn to particles. Also, the wave movement must have a mass. 

Annihilation has shown that material can turn to energy. So there should be the mirror-reaction ("anti-annihilation") where wave movement turns to particles. In laboratories wave movement has turned to subatomic particle-antiparticle pairs. 

Black holes are the things that are pulling wave movement in them. The point where photons are dropping in the black hole. Is called the event horizon. And behind that point, every object travels at the same speed. This thing happens with normal and supermassive black holes. When that outcoming wave movement hits the halo of the black hole. 

That thing increases their energy level. And black holes will pull that energy inside it. Whenever a particle of wave movement drops in a black hole. That raises the energy level of the black hole. 

The black hole is an extreme version of the zero-point energy system. When the black hole pulls energy inside it. That energy will turn it stronger. So when wave movement drops in the black hole. A similar situation is visible in laboratories where electrons or atoms are stressed with radiation their weight increases. 


https://scitechdaily.com/sofia-reveals-how-magnetic-fields-help-feed-a-supermassive-black-hole/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_theory

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave%E2%80%93particle_duality


Image:) https://scitechdaily.com/sofia-reveals-how-magnetic-fields-help-feed-a-supermassive-black-hole/


Is dark matter the result of imperfect annihilation?


Dark matter is a mystery. There are some suspected impacts with material and dark matter in particle accelerators. But otherwise, that thing is a mystery. Dark matter could be the source of dark energy. 

There is the possibility. That dark energy is similar to neutron radiation. When radiation hits dark matter. It would release extra energy in the form of radiation or wave movement. 

Dark matter is the gravitational effect. That dominates the universe. There is the possibility that the imperfect annihilation caused the part of the material to turn to the thing that we are calling visible material. There is about 15% of material in the universe. That is visible to us. Last of it is the mysterious thing that interacts only by gravitation with visible material. 

But when we are thinking about its form there is one thing that might explain why dark matter is not visible. If we think about the string theory the material is like a yarn ball. And annihilation reaction is the case where the strings of those yarn balls are opening. 

The string theory describes the material as the ball that is formed of wave movement. There is the possibility that if the energy level of the impacting particles is not the same the annihilation would not be perfect. 

So could the dark matter be the result of the imperfect annihilation? That means that material turns to energy when a particle and its anti-particle pair will impact. The case where two particles are turning to energy is true when the particles have the same mass. 

But if the other yarn ball is bigger the annihilation is imperfect. The case is that if the energy level of the participants of annihilation is not symmetrical. And another participant is higher energetic than others the annihilation would not turn the entire material into energy. 

When the material is turning to energy in the material-antimatter impact means the impact of particles releases only the same number of strings as the lighter particle has. If we think of those particles as the yarn balls. The particle is at a higher energy level than the other is a bigger yarn ball. 

The idea is that when a particle hits its mirror particle it can turn only its mass of material to energy. So if the electron and positron are impacting and the energy level of the other participant of the annihilation is higher. That causes that there are remainings of the higher energetic particle. 

So, at the beginning of the universe. There was the Big Bang. The event, that released all material and energy to the universe. Or there is a theory that at the first released wave movement. Then that wave movement turned to particle-antiparticle pairs. And after that happened the big annihilation that formed the elementary particles. 

But if we are thinking about the Big Bang. And particle wave-movement duality we are facing one interesting thing. When crossing wave movements form material. They are forming the antimatter-material pairs. So that thing means that there is the possibility that the energy levels of those particle pairs were different. 

And that means the annihilation between them would be imperfect. So if we think like that. There is the possibility that the asymmetry in annihilation caused the visible material and dark matter to form. 

The energy asymmetry causes an effect. The particles of dark matter and visible material are not the same sizes. So we cannot see the radiation that comes from the dark matter. So could that radiation be dark energy? There is the possibility that dark energy is similar to neutron radiation. That thing would form. 

When the particles of dark matter will stress with radiation. And after energy stress, those invisible particles will release their extra energy as a radiation burst. The fact is that dark matter is dominating. And should we ask like this? Is the visible material result of imperfect annihilation? 


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annihilation


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementary_particle


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_theory

What was before the Big Bang (Part II)

 What was before the Big Bang. (Part II) "Our universe could be the mirror image of an antimatter universe extending backwards in time....