The complex and collective behavior of particles is making a new way to think about robotics.

"MIT engineers have designed simple microparticles that can collectively generate complex behavior, such as generating an oscillating electrical current that could be used to power tiny robotic devices. This is an abstract artist’s concept, not an actual video of the microparticles." (ScitechDaily.com/Tiny Particles Work Collectively To Generate Complex Behavior)

The emergent behavior is the thing that is more interesting than the enzyme-based solutions. The emergent behavior means that the particle cloud can oscillate at the same frequency. So that ability makes it possible to create a large structure of nanomachines that can interact and exchange information with each other. 

That thing makes it possible to create a cloud of the nanomachines that are acting together and form the physical cloud that acts like one large hard disk. The emergent behavior makes the simple actors act like one macro-organism. And even if one of the participants of that kind of system cannot complex behavior. That allows the system to connect the participants of that swarm to one entirety.  

In that version, every system's participant knows little part of the operation. And when the mark for beginning the emergent behavior comes those participants can connect their skills to entirety. So the things that the swarm must do are stored like pieces of the puzzle. And emergent behavior connects that puzzle to one entirety. 

Theoretically, that thing makes it possible to create intelligent insect swarms. In that system, each participant of the insect swarm learns a small part of the operation that the swarm must do. And then those insects will be connected by using wireless microchip technology. The emergent behavior means that when the large group of participants of some swarm or group gets the signal "attention danger" the swarm starts to act as one entirety against danger. That kind of behavior is typical for insects like ants and bees. Now MIT researchers are making that thing for non-living particles. 

The next-generation miniaturization can be an atom-size quantum computer. 

The emergent behavior makes also possible to create the next-generation miniature technology. The next step for miniaturization could be quantum technology. In those, still hypothetical machines, which size is smaller than an atom. The qubits and things like hadrons and quarks are the tools that act like extremely small nanomachines. In those systems, hadrons can be the core of the system. And the system can create quantum entanglement between two quarks or even two gluons. The quantum machine can move by moving the electrons ahead of that hadron. 

But then to the more traditional nanomachines. In the nanomachines can be star-looking structures at the front of them. That thing makes a cavitational bubble that pulls the machine forward. 

The nanorobots are small bites of molecules. And if the system can program those molecules to act a certain way. That thing brings a new type of complex nanomachines possible. Those new intelligent molecules can react with other molecules. And they can also make many complex things. But the problem is how to program those molecules to act a certain way in certain situations. 

But the problem is how to make the molecule turn or otherwise react to certain stress. The researchers can find that answer from the hard disks. Magnetization makes it possible to make small plates. That jump in and out when certain chemical stress is impacting to nanomachine. 

The thing that launches the reaction would be an enzyme that is released when the nanomachine faces chemical stress. When an enzyme impacts the nanomachine that causes an electrochemical reaction that makes the nano-plates or molecule bites jump outside. 

Or if there is a star-looking form at the front of the molecule that molecule can start to rotate. And then the cavitation bubble pulls it forward. 

https://scitechdaily.com/tiny-particles-work-collectively-to-generate-complex-behavior/

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The nanoparticles that can destroy harmful organisms can be the next step in medical research.

 The nanoparticles that can destroy harmful organisms can be the next step in medical research. 

The beginning of the research of the nanoparticles was when researchers asked: "why smoked meat and fish last better than without smoking". The answer was that the small carbon bites in make killed harmful bacteria. Then the researchers thought that if those small carbon bites could connect with nutrients or some enzymes. That makes the harmful organisms eat those carbon bites. 

The thing is that this kind of nanotechnology can be effective also against viruses. Nanomachines can destroy infected cells before they are producing viruses. But the problem is how to detect the cells that are carrying viruses. 

The weak point of the virus is that it should find the cell before it can make the descendants. And if those infected cells are detected they can be destroýred. If there are some kind of anomalies in their use of nutrients. The nanomachine would just connect to those nutrients and then it can slip into the cells that wanted to remove. The viruses like chickenpox and herpes are hiding in the cells after the infection.

And later they can cause painful sequelae like shingles. And if those cells or the virus genomes from those cells can be removed that thing denies the sequelae that might be more painful than the disease itself ever could be. Nanomachines are revolutionary things that can make many things possible. The next-generation vaccines can simply connect the genomes of the viruses to the stem cells that are making the cells that can fight against certain organisms. 

Or they can program the brain cells or other immune activator cells to activate the immune system by using synthetic antigens. That synthetic antigen is a virtual virus that activates the immune system. The idea is that the nanomachine can let the neuron sniff the antigen. And that thing activates the immune system. The thing is that neurons can wake up sleeping immune resistance. 

And that ability can benefit the next generation vaccination. The thing is that nanotechnology is also the perfect weapon. The nanomachines can turn the human body into liquid by breaking the internal structures of the cells. Making weapons is much easier than making medicines. In medical research, nanomachines must control the way that they are destroying only selected cells. 

https://scitechdaily.com/researchers-use-nanoparticles-to-kill-dangerous-bacteria-that-hide-inside-human-cells/