Supernova outside galaxy proves the existence of rogue stars.

 

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 Supernova outside the galaxy proves the existence of intergalactic stars.

There are stars in the universe that are connected with any star cluster. Those stars are traveling outside galaxies. And then someday they finish their lives like all other stars. There is the possibility that small interplanetary nebulas are forming those stars. The origin of those nebulas might be in the eruption of the stars in open star clusters. Or maybe the large explosion in some galaxies is pushing those stars away from galaxies. 

The fact is that distance to those objects is so huge that they are hard to see. The rogue stars might have planets and they might be otherwise similar. But those stars are not located in galaxies. There is the possibility that there are lots of rogue stars orbiting the galaxies outside the main material disk. And confirming the existence of those cosmic travelers is interesting. 

There is the possibility that stars form also outside galaxies. And the interplanetary nebulas that form stars can travel from another galaxy. The disturbance that the radiation of the galaxy causes will turn gas and dust into the star. 

The measurements are showing that most of the intergalactic stars that are orbiting the Milky Way have an origin in a Milky Way. But there is an interesting vision. That there could be stars that have the origin in other galaxies. Proving that thing is very difficult. That requires the mapping of the elements in the star. And then there must be the galaxy that material has the match with those measurements. 

There are lots of intergalactic stars. And those measurements require complete knowledge of the relationship of the elements in the Milky Way galaxy. The relationship of the elements is different on every side of the Milky Way. That means compiling the Milky Way's composition of the material is not possible the best possible way to uncover the origin of the rogue star. 

When we are saying that a rogue star travels from another galaxy. that travel can happen in the form of the planetary nebula. Then the disturbance of incoming material of the Milky Way turns that material into the star and possible planets. Another thing that can travel from another galaxy is a black hole and neutron star. 

https://scitechdaily.com/hubble-confirms-exiled-stars-exploded-in-intergalactic-space/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intergalactic_star

There is a possibility. That astronomer found the first planet that orbits 3 stars.

Image: I: The anomaly in dust disk around GW Orionis

The star is GW Orionis. Distance to that star is 1300 light-years. The planet itself is not visible. The system that has made that detection is ALMA (Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array). And the researchers worked for Nevada State University. The following months will confirm or not confirm that observation. 

The planet itself is not visible. But that object causes an anomaly in the dust that orbits the central stars. And the planet can be seen because of that anomaly. The straight observations of exoplanets are hard to get. 

But non-straight observations like changes in the brightness of the stars or the gravitational interaction between planet and dust are also visible. The gravitational interaction between the planet and the dust requires that the dust disk is visible.  

The change of the brightness of the stars is a good method to track the exoplanets. But that requires that the planet travels between Earth and that star. The last method can use also with distant objects. 

Image II 

And that is the thing that might confirm the scenario that the planetary systems are more common than astronomers expect. In the universe are confirmed exoplanets that are orbiting multi-stellar systems. The most well-known of those planets is Proxima Centauri B. That planet orbits the red dwarf at the closest stellar system Alpha Centauri. In those cases, the exoplanet is orbiting the distant member of the multi-stellar entirety. 

Those distant members of the triple- or multi-stellar systems are offering the possibility for their solar system. In those cases, the multi-stellar system is "open". The distant member of the entirety has its planetary system as Proxima Centauri has. But in another case, there is the possibility that the triple-star system is "closed". In that case those central stars are are very close to each other. And the planets can orbit them as the entirety. 

When we are thinking about the possibility that planets are forming around the triple-star system there is lots of dust and other particles around those stars. That means that there could be forming planets around them. But the other version of the form of the planetary system is that the stars or multi-stars are capturing the rogue planets. 

The common gravitational effect of the multi-stellar systems is huge. And that means that kind of solar system can pull objects from great distances. The thing is that this finding was a great step for science. Stars are bright things. They are covering planets in their shine. The thing is that the existence of planets doesn't mean that there are lifeforms in the solar system. 

()https://phys.org/news/2021-10-astronomers-planet-orbit-stars.html

()https://scitechdaily.com/astronomers-may-have-discovered-the-first-known-planet-to-orbit-3-stars/amp/

Image I:()https://phys.org/news/2021-10-astronomers-planet-orbit-stars.html

Image II:()https://scitechdaily.com/astronomers-may-have-discovered-the-first-known-planet-to-orbit-3-stars/amp/

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