There is always the possibility that a nuclear state uses nuclear weapons.

SS-18 (Wikipedia/R-36 (missile))

In this text, the main objective is tactical nuclear weapons. The purpose of strategic weapons is to support the tactical systems. When we are thinking about the difference between tactical and strategic systems the limit between those systems is lower. 

The strategic missile can have tactical missions. And the strategic missile can also have low yield warheads. Also, the tactical missile can have high-yield warheads. And modern strategic missiles can also hit targets on the battlefield. 

If some state has nuclear weapons. There is always the possibility that the state also uses them.  There are two types of nuclear weapons. Tactical and strategic. The range of tactical nuclear weapons is about a couple of hundreds of kilometers. And the range of strategic nuclear weapons is over 2000 kilometers. When we are thinking of tactical nuclear weapons most of them are highly mobile battlefield systems that can sweep the situation away from the battlefield. The yield of the warhead of those missiles is about 1kt. to 12 kt.

 During the Cold War. The Soviets planned to place medium-range R-12 (SS-4) and R-14 (SS-5) missiles in Cuba. The yield of those missile warheads was 1-2,5 mt. and the ranges of those missiles were 2000-3500 or soviet calculated the range of SS-5 about 4500 kilometers. The accuracy of those missiles was not very good. And that's why they had very high yield warheads. Those Soviet missiles had western competitor "Jupiter" tactical missiles. 

Image 2) Ranges of the Soviet missiles in the Cuban missile crisis 1962

Later the other more accurate tactical systems like  RDS-10 Pioneer (SS-20 "Saber"), Pershing 1 and 2, and cruise missiles replaced those first generations' nuclear weapons. Today strategic weapons like RT-23 (SS-24 "Scalpel" ) that were replaced by RT-2 PM Topol (SS-25 "Sickle") can have tactical duties. And the weapons, like "Iskander", can equip with nuclear or conventional weapons. The air-launched version of "Iskander" is "Kinzhal" that can use to attack against tactical and strategic targets. 

The range of those missiles depends on the size of the warhead. The fact is that in the early years of the Cold War the yield of tactical missile warheads could be 4 mt. and the range was about a couple of hundreds of kilometers. That means those missiles could be as well as dangerous to their users as targets. 

There is sometimes suspected. That some of the tactical missiles could be at the silos. For securing some routes to the countries. The tactical nuclear missile can also be a surface-to-air missile that warhead has two tactical roles. The anti-aircraft role is meant to destroy the strategic bombers and the same warheads can use against land troops. 

The tactical missiles have sometimes a "police role". In those cases, the security troops will crush the rebellion in the strategic missile bases by using tactical nuclear missiles.

But as you see there are also other systems like land, ships and aircraft launched cruise missiles, nuclear mines, and nuclear torpedoes. And then the strategic missile systems. Strategic nuclear missiles are the most powerful weapons in the world. The most feared of them is FOBS (Fractional Orbital Bombardment System) which can mean the nuclear weapon that is orbiting the Earth.

There is a contract that denies placing nuclear weapons on the orbiter. But there is the possibility that this contract has been broken. So that means there is the possibility that on the orbiter are satellites that have nuclear bombs inside them. 

There is also suspicion that miniature space shuttles like X-37B and MiG-105 "Spiral" can be used as an extreme version of the kamikaze drones. In those systems, there could be an internal nuclear weapon. 

And the rocket can rise them to the orbiter. There is the possibility that the R-36 (SS-18 "Satan") or RS-28 "Sarmat" (SS-X-29) will equip with one smaller warhead. And that thing gives those super heavy missiles the FOBS capacity. 

The most modern versions of those systems can probably return their warheads from the low Earth orbiter if those systems are not needed. All nations that have nuclear weapons have tactical and strategic weapons. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K720_Iskander

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_X-37

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuban_Missile_Crisis

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_Orbital_Bombardment_System

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh-47M2_Kinzhal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MGM-31_Pershing

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-105

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PGM-19_Jupiter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-12_Dvina

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-14_Chusovaya

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-36_(missile)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RS-28_Sarmat

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RT-23_Molode

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RT-2PM_Topol

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSD-10_Pioneer

Image 1) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-36_(missile)

Image 2)https://millercenter.org/the-presidency/educational-resources/jfk-and-cuban-missile-crisis

https://writingsaboutmysteries.blogspot.com/

The Dyatlov pass 2.February 1959

Illustration photo
Picture I

https://marxjatalous.blogspot.com/

Kimmo Huosionmaa

The Dyatlov pass and the thing, what makes people suspect that there is something, what the Soviet authorities want to hide, is that one of the members of the Dyatlov team has lost teeth. Some personnel suspect that this would happen during the pressure strike, what probably killed those persons in 2.February 1959. This incident is the thing, what I have commented earlier, and then I wrote, that I suspected that some low altitude flying aircraft would cause the pressure strike, what caused the death of those persons.


But then I looked at one short document from YouTube about this case, and there were told the lost teeth and some strange capsules, what those persons had. I did start to think about the possibility that could those persons murdered. There is the high level of radiation in that area, and that made me think, that could those persons targeted by radioactive radiation, and then some military personnel would test their survivability in those extreme conditions.


Commonly the animals were used in those tests, but the legend of the horrifying human experiments is still living. The attitude of the Soviet Union authorities about the human experiments was that they were allowed if the benefit of the Soviet Union would need that information. The rumors tell that in some of those tests or experiments the fetuses, what was just in the cell level targeted the high level of radioactive radiation, and then they transferred to couples, who would not able to get children. The growing and advantaging those fetuses were followed.



So were they took part in some military research, where the effect of radioactive radiation was tested for those persons. In that kind of tests, the military personnel tests the behavior and ability to work in high nervous pressure. And did that military test or experiment include tests, where some kind of nerve agent would deliver to the air, and those persons must act independently in that kind of test?


And did something went wrong, and the persons have died? Sometimes I have thought that was in that test series used some kind of biological agent like macrophages. And then the reactions and ability to work was tested in the isolated conditions. When we are thinking about the removed teeth, that process could be done by covering the identity of that person but was it made during the life or after the death?

Picture II

There are some fictive stories, where those teeth have been changed, and the mouth of that person was opened extremely high angle. But there is no evidence of those changing. In some stories, local people would attack against those victims, but there was no evidence about it. Sometimes the attackers claimed to be the members of the Special Forces or KGB, but what could be the reason about that action?  Was this possible elimination made for hiding something? If the used weapon were some kind of FAE (Fuel Air Explosives),  the core of the bomb would probably found on that area.


There is another way to make an invincible bomb, what has only the pressure effect, and this weapon would not leave marks. The paper- or cellulose core bomb, what is loaded with RDX (Cyclonite) would destroy the target by using pressure-effect the same way as the FAE, but the solid explosive makes those bombs easier to handle, and the pressure effect area is smaller. If those weapons were used in Dyatlov-case, would that happen by accident or on purpose?


And why those persons died in the pressure in that day 1959? Were they targeted by some chemicals or electromagnetic radiation, what caused the avalanche? In some rumors, the Soviet Air Force would be tested the undercover bomber, what would look like the passenger plane. The reason for that story is that there is a strange window under the nose of some Tupolev-134 passenger plane (Picture II). That strange detail in their structure is claimed to be the window of the bomber's place, and the paper bombs would be used for covering the dropping of that kind of weapon.


The paper would not be seen by using radar, and that material could cover the dropping procedure, and would the Dyatlov-case happen because those weapons tested in some more open areas because the KGB wanted know, how far from that dropping place would that pressure strike could be detected. And in that case, those persons were just in the wrong place wrong time. The pressure would be killed those persons, but if they took part in the military investigations or experiments, we must ask, what was the thing, what made that thing so secret, that they were killed? So this is one of the horrifying cases in the history of the Soviet Union.


https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8pp6POvlER4

Picture II

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c1/%22Aeroflot-Don%22_Tu-134A-3_RA-65771_%285870152823%29.jpg

New nuclear test photographs released from 1950's

TEAPOT TURK (Fireball)
(Picture I)

https://marxjatalous.blogspot.com/

Kimmo Huosionmaa

In the 1950's the United States military and Atomic Energy commission accomplished many nuclear tests in the Nevada Desert. From those tests collected the information, what was used in the creation and developing of the new kind of nuclear tests. Some of those photographs and films were classified because they were uncovered the structure of the nuclear device. One of those films was taken during nuclear test TEAPOT TURK.


The film is taken by using rapatronic cameras, what are also called "rope trick" cameras, what means that there were many single-shot cameras in the electric wire. And the electric wire allowed launching those cameras as the series, what allowed to make films for extremely fast movements. Those cameras were also used to take slow-motion pictures of bullets, what are flying in the range. The famous film where the bullet cuts playing cards and apples are taken using this camera system.


When you see the picture and the film of the fireball, you might notice small rises or discontinuity on it. Those anomalies caused because there are weaker points in the nuclear device, and that's why the exhausting shock-wave would travel faster on those points. And maybe that was the place, where the safety pellets were to ensure that the device would explode when it wanted to blow.


Or there would be three cannon type devices, what shoots the plutonium pellets to the center of the device. In that case, the chain reaction would be faster in those points. The reason for those anomalies can also cause, that there would be small pieces of Radium or Polonium in those points, and that would cause those forms, what makes this fireball look like giant macrophage.

Picture I

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YInti8shAyA