The ability to make single photons is vital for quantum computers.

The ability to make single photons is vital for quantum computers.

Controlling complex systems requires that system operators have complete knowledge of the system and its interactions.

The problem with error correlation in quantum computers is that the qubits and quantum systems are much more sensitive to outside effects than binary computers. The other problem is that the anomaly that causes a calculation error can also happen during the second calculation. Things like gravity waves are global anomalies that affect all quantum computers. And that thing means that all quantum computers can calculate wrong at the same moment.

The big problem is also that quantum computers are the only things that can check and find errors in another quantum computer's solutions. Binary computers make the same 45-year calculations that quantum computers can make in seconds. And that thing means that outside things like torrents of gravity waves can destroy all the results that the Quantum systems produce. And the problem is that those outside effects can cause anomalous functions in all quantum computers in the world.

Things like changes in the gravity fields on Earth can also affect qubits. And that means the portable quantum systems might need information about the gravity field's strength so those quantum systems can calibrate themselves.

"Los Alamos National Laboratory scientists developed a new method for producing circularly polarized single photons, paving the way for advancements in quantum communication and a potential ultra-secure quantum internet. Credit: Los Alamos National Laboratory" (ScitechDaily.com/Quantum Illumination: Advanced Device Generates Single Photons and Encodes Information) 

The system can make bubbles in quantum fields or qauntum layers using photons. Those things can help to transport information between superpositioned and entangled photons and electron switches.

"Artistic illustration depicts magnetic excitations of cobalt-phthalocyanine molecules, where entangled electrons propagate into triplons. Credit: Jose Lado/Aalto University" (ScitechDaily.com/Tricky Triplons: Scientists Create Artificial Quantum Magnet With Quasiparticles Made of Entangled Electrons)

The next-generation quantum computers require very good, and very accurate ability to control multi-state and multi-layer systems.

The next-generation quantum computers can use multiple multi-state qubits. Those qubits can be networks of triplons. And systems that can create photon pairs. The photons are between those electrons in quantum magnets, called quantum triplons. And that system can make more powerful and portable quantum computers possible. The network of superpositioned photons and electrons is extremely difficult to handle. The system must have the ability to create single photons that it can put between those electrons.

And then information must be transported from those electron pairs to the sender photon, which is in quantum entanglement and superpositioned on the receiving side. The ability to make photons interact with wave movement makes it possible to stop photons at the precise point between electrons. Then the system must drive energy to that photon so that it can create superposition and quantum entanglement with some other photon.

Then the energy level of the transmitter side of the quantum entanglement will rise higher than that of the receiving side. And the system can start to drive information into that system. The receiving part just pulls energy away from the receiving side. The key element in quantum systems is that the transmitting or active side in superposition must be at a higher level.

If superpositioned and entangled particles are at the same energy level, standing waves between those particles push them away. The electron pairs can transmit energy away from the receiving side, which helps to keep the difference in energy levels in superpositioned and entangled particles.

The ability to create lots of single photons allows the system to replace photons that flew away when the quantum entanglement reached the same level. The network-based, ultra-small systems are extremely complicated to handle. The system might have multiple quantum states, like photon and radio wave states. The system must know precisely the energy level of the qubits before they can transport information.

Things like gravitational waves and even differences in Earth's gravitational field make it possible that there are differences between real and calculated values in qubits. That thing destroys the information that the qubit should transport because the receiving system doesn't know at what level or state the system loads the information.

The quantum computer is 45 years faster than any binary computer. That is both the biggest opportunity and the biggest weakness in quantum computing. Only another quantum computer can check the calculations that those extremely powerful systems can make. Of course, it is possible to perform the calculation twice. However, the problem is that there could be some anomaly that cannot be predicted during the second calculation. Things like gravitational waves that can shake the qubits are collective anomalies. They affect all Quantum computers at the same time.

https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-illumination-advanced-device-generates-single-photons-and-encodes-information/?expand_article=1

https://scitechdaily.com/tricky-triplons-scientists-create-artificial-quantum-magnet-with-quasiparticles-made-of-entangled-electrons/?expand_article=1

https://technologyandfuture4.wordpress.com/2023/08/26/the-ability-to-make-single-photons-is-vital-for-quantum-computers/

Photon engines, warp bubbles, and interstellar probes can be real sooner than we imagine.

Image 1) Artist's impression of fusion rocket. (Pinterest)

A couple of theoretical engines. That can explain something about strange things called UFOs. The fact is that there have been introduced many types of solutions for interstellar travel. Things like photon engines and other things might be true in the future. 

In some plans like the "Daedalus" project technology was not at that level. This early study project of the interstellar probe could create in the future. But, that requires extremely high investments. The thing is that the zero-point propulsion systems that are making energy low in the one direction can be fundamental space and aviation technology. 

But today the interstellar probes are still philosophical thinking. The thing that the photon rocket would make so weak thrust can limit its use in the last stage of acceleration. The fact is that the photon engine could use to create warp bubbles around the particle. And then that electromagnetic vacuum would turn to wave movement that pushes the craft forward. 

The Wigner crystal can use to create the superpositioned and entangled electron pairs. That superposition can stabilize by benefiting the radiation of the internal fusion reactor. 

The butterfly effect of Lorentz's strange attractor is the thing that can load energy from the environment until it can deliver it to the ground or some other object. If the superconducting antenna is forming Lorenz's strange attractor there is theoretically possible to create a so-called Wigner engine. That engine could use the radiation that is connected to it from outside. Or internal power source. 

The Wigner crystal is the structure that can trap electrons. Those electrons can be superpositioned and entangled by using Lorentz's strange attractor. Then the energy level of another part of that particle pair will rise by stressing it with laser or some other electromagnetic radiation. 

The engine is simply two graphene layers that are close to each other. There are trapped electrons in that graphene layer. And then those electrons will be superpositioned and entangled. 

That thing can make by using the fusion reaction. Those graphene layers would be at the exhaust channel of the fusion reactor. And then that radiation can make the superposition and entanglement between those electrons. 

Then the other electron will stress with energy. And the superposition will transfer energy away from the engine. That radiation can form the ion cloud under the craft. And in the most effective scenario, the radiation would form the warp bubbles around those electrons. 

That thing would be similar to the case that there is a quantum tornado below the craft. The area in the quantum tornado would be at an extremely low energy level. That causes the energy will travel out from the material. And that thing causes a radiation that rises the craft above the ground. 

In that engine's extreme versions the system uses a quantum-size wormhole for accelerating the wave movement. Another electron would turn to the quantum-size black hole. Then another electron would turn into a white hole. And that kind of futuristic engine would use the quantum-size wormholes to drive wave movement and other particles back to the craft and then it can cause the effect that the exhaust gas will travel faster than the speed of light. 

The fusion-powered "flying saucer". Was one of the plans for a futuristic space shuttle in the 1970s 

The fusion-powered flying saucer would use water for fusion. The water molecule's polarity would benefit the particle accelerators which are impacting the plus and minus ions. 

Water molecules can drive through particle accelerators. The other accelerator turns the water molecule's oxygen forward. 

And another hydrogen forward. And that thing can be used as fusion. Or of course, the accelerators will put the oxygen and hydrogen ions to impact together. High-power particle accelerators will shoot those molecules together. And then that impact point will shoot laser rays. The fact is that this kind of fusion system can use both versions of hydrogen and oxygen. 

And that makes it possible to create the fusion reaction. That system would use the regular nuclear reactor for making enough energy for the ignition of the fusion. In some plans, the fusion will happen outside the craft. Or in some other versions, the reaction would be in the chamber. The radially mounted exhaust tubes can be open when the craft wanted to turn in some direction. 

The gravitational wave engine can make by using the quantum whip. 

The virtual gravitational waves can make by using the superpositioned and entangled particle pairs. That means that the other members of that particle pair would be in the center of the craft. And another member of that particle pair will orbit it. With the speed that is as close to the speed of light as possible. When that "whip" is rotating it sends the wave movement that can benefit the flight. 

The gravitational wave engine is theoretically quite easy to create. There are needed only two particles orbiting together. This is the reason why black holes are sending gravitational waves. The event horizon is orbiting the nucleus of the black hole. And those waves are visible in the universe. But the fact is that creating enough powerful gravitational waves is difficult because the mass of those objects must be high enough. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Butterfly_effect

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_wave

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon_rocket

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Daedalus

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigner_crystal

Image 1:) Pinteret

Image 2:) https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-warn-of-alien-invasions-and-the-need-for-planetary-biosecurity/

https://thoughtsaboutsuperpositions.blogspot.com/

Hawking radiation part 2 (Is Hawking radiation the energy flow from the black hole to its environment?)

   

Hawking radiation part 2 (Is Hawking radiation the energy flow from the black hole to its environment?)

Is the Hawking radiation "only" energy that travels from higher energetic black holes to lower energetic space around them? If that thing is the reason for the expansion of the universe. 

That means the vaporization of the black holes continues faster and faster. The energy flow from the black holes to their environment continues until energy balance has been reached. And that requires that the existence of a black hole ends. 

The film that you see below this text shows that Hawking radiation is tunneling through the event horizon. But the problem is what is the depth in the black hole behind the event horizon. Where does the Hawking radiation form? 

Large black holes are colder than small ones. And that thing supports the idea that the source of Hawking radiation is near the nucleus of the black hole. 

If the source of Hawking radiation is near the nucleus of the black hole the energy must travel a long distance from the nucleus to the event horizon than in small-size black holes that are hotter than big ones. So if we are thinking that. The black holes are like onions. 

A part of the energy that shines away from them is dropping back to their nucleus. While energy is traveling from the nucleus to the core of a large black hole it must pass more cores than in the case of small black holes. 

There is the possibility that the expansion of the universe is causing at least part of Hawking radiation. When the quantum fields around black holes are getting weaker. That will decrease the power of the pressure of the quantum fields. And that causes that energy is transferring from black holes to its environment. That thing happens in the form of wave movement called Hawking radiation. 

But there is another theory of that thing. 

The thing is that there is the possibility that the event horizon is the point where photons can start to orbit the singularity. Beyond that point, the escaping velocity turns higher than the speed of light. And that means we cannot get any observations behind that point. Or we believed that thing. Before the Hawking radiation has been found. 

There is the possibility that the event horizon pulls the photon to wave movement. If that thing happens to whirl photons that are orbiting the nucleus of the black hole. They can turn the event horizons to waving. And that thing causes Hawking radiation. 

Or maybe the source of Hawking radiation is the friction between dark matter particles. The black holes are the objects that are pulling both, visible and dark matter in it. So the intensive pressure would cause that dark matter is interacting with visible material. 

Does Hawking radiation come from some area before the nucleus of the black hole? Could it source be the white hole behind the event horizon? 

 Or does it come straight from the nucleus of a black hole? There is a theory that the white hole and wormhole are pairs. The theory is that the wormhole is the channel that takes information out from the black hole. And the white hole is the thing that brings information in the black hole. The theory goes like this. 

The wormholes are forming between two black holes that are oscillating with the same frequency. And they are one-way channels through spacetime. That means the wormhole and white hole are always next to each other. The reason why we cannot see the white holes. Is that they are in the event horizons of black holes. So if those white holes would exist near the nucleus of black holes they could send the radiation to the event horizon. 

The reason why some people believe. That this is the reason, why Hawking radiation existed. And that means black holes should have an internal structure that looks like an onion. Each layer of onion would be core where the escaping velocity will turn higher. 

And that means that if the source of the Hawking radiation is something near the ultimate center of the black hole that thing could cause oscillation that travels from the nucleus of the black hole to the event horizon. That is the most out of the cores of the black hole. The event horizon is the point where the light will drop in the black hole. 

But all theories about things that happen behind the event horizon are hypotheses. Confirmation of that kind of theory is difficult because getting straight observations behind the event horizon is impossible. 

So the sources of the Hawking radiation are a mystery. It can form inside a black hole or it can form because the event horizon is oscillating. Or it can form when material that comes out from hypothetical white holes inside the event horizon impacts with the event horizon. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_hole

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_hole

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wormhole

Image:https://scitechdaily.com/images/Supermassive-Black-Hole-Accretion-Disk-Illustration-1536x1024.jpg

The wormhole theory. 

The idea of wormhole theory or one of its forms is that the wormholes are forming between the black holes. They would be one-way channels between superpositioned black holes. 

And the other would be the channel that takes the information to the other black hole. The other would be the channel that brings information from the other black hole to the first one. So the wormhole that brings material from the other black hole to the first black hole would be the white hole.

 So could the source of the powerful X- or gamma-ray pikes of the black hole. Be the white hole that is next to the black hole? Or could the white hole locate inside the event horizon near the nucleus of the black hole?

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The Hypothetical model of the location of the wormhole.

(1)<<(2)>>(3)

1) Entry channel to the wormhole

2) Nucleus of black hole

3) White hole (Outcoming channel of the wormhole from another black hole) 

Being real that model requires that black holes can be superpositioned and entangled. In the film above this text is introduced a superposition and you might position black holes in the position of particles. 

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The wormhole is a hypothetical effect or channel where quantum fields are traveling in one direction. That means the black hole will pull those quantum fields to a speed that is higher than the speed of light. And that causes the photons or other things can travel in the wormhole.

Faster than they would travel in the regular universe where quantum fields are slowing them. That means the wormhole would be the tunnel through time and space. The other side of wormholes is a black hole and another is the white hole. If material would try to travel to the white hole. That outcoming radiation will push it away. 

And if the material comes out straight from the white hole it would also crush.  Because it slows so fast. The thing is nobody has ever seen a white hole yet. And one of the reasons could be that the white holes are the next of the black holes or the entry channels of the wormholes. 

So there is the possibility that the entry channels of the wormhole would be. At the next to the nucleus of the black hole. And next to it would be the outcoming channel of the wormhole that brings material from another black hole. 

https://thoughtsaboutsuperpositions.blogspot.com/