Cogito ergo sum. I think; therefore I am (René Descartes, French philosopher)

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A concept of directed energy weapon (Image: Lockheed Martin) (EurasianTimes.com/Defenseless Against Hypersonic Missiles, US Navy Turns To ‘Faster & Lethal’ DEWs To Battle China, Russia – Top Admiral) Hypersonic missiles are hard targets but "easy to destroy". If the air-defense weapons can track and aim bullets or missiles against hypersonic missiles they can destroy them. But the problem is that counter-weapons must hit to target. And the low-flying hypersonic weapon will not let a long time for reacting.  Hypersonic weapons have the same thing as all other missiles and airplanes. That thing is that they are easy to destroy if the ammunition hits to target. There are developed weapon systems that can shoot over a million small-caliber ammunition against the target. The problem is that those CIWS systems (Close-in Weapon systems) are using lots of ammunition.  And the ship needs an ammo ship for refilling its ammunition storage quite often. There are also missile-based sy

Time is an interesting thing. It's the thing that dominates our life. When we want to describe time, we can see describe it as the thing that is between two points, that are in two different moments. Time can also describe as that thing that started in the Big Bang.  Time is the change of the universe. And when the universe reaches stable form, time ends. So time is the change in atoms and subatomic particles. It started during the Big Bang, And the cooling universe is one of the things, that we can use as a description of time. When all energy is gone time ends.  Cosmic inflation is the thing that causes the particles of material are turning to wave motion. And when the last electron and quark are turned to wave motion, the universe reaches its stable form, and that is the end of time. That requires that the universe is open and dark energy pushes it larger and larger. And in the open universe, the expansion continues forever.  We know that the energy level of the particle is dire

The reason for the Meissner effect where the superconducting object hovers above the superconducting layer is one of the so-called quantum miracles. The reason for that effect is that gas and energy flow through the object. And that causes the low-pressure area above the object. The temperature of the superconducting layer is extremely low. That means energy flows from the upper side of the levitating object to the superconducting layer. And that thing rises the object above the low-temperature layer levitating.  The problem with this kind of levitation is that it requires the layer that is turned into superconducting. And that thing puts limits on the use of the Meissner effect. Normally that thing requires things like magnetic railways for working. But there is made research using Bose-Einstein condensate to make levitation systems that are not needed static magnets or special layers. The powder form superconductors are making it possible to create layer-free solutions for the system

Image Source: (https://www.quantamagazine.org/‘Post-Quantum’ Cryptography Scheme Is Cracked on a Laptop) The fact is that quantum computers are a new thing. Those new and powerful systems are making the regular, binary cryptography old-fashion. Traditional RSA cryptography is very easy to break by using quantum computers.  So there it needed a new algorithm that can protect networks against quantum computers. This is why NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) published the race, to create next-generation cryptography. The advances in quantum computing are huge. And that means those systems are turning more common.  So maybe quite soon the first quantum servers are in use in private corporations. And sooner than we think, the first quantum-PC:s are sold in supermarkets. That means we must create new algorithms and methods for protecting our networks against quantum hackers.  There is a problem that nobody knows what will be the next step in quantum technology. And there a

Above: Dart mission.  The growing economy requires innovation and trust.  The price of the JWST and Artemis is very high. But the fact is that they are advancing economical advantage. Those kinds of high-profile projects are a good introduction to the know-how of the actors that are working with them. This thing will bring companies to offer their ideas and discuss with NASA and its cooperatives about advancing space technology in civil and military areas.  When we are thinking about the price of the moon program. We always forget that the moon program gave many sidelines like velcros. And the experience of heavy-duty systems. But it also opened the path to developing lightweight computers and later artificial intelligence. So the projects like Artemis and JWST are offering the framework where new products can develop.  Things like Mars-rovers are also offering the tool how to test independently operating vehicles and the artificial intelligence software that can turn into everyday lif

The next attempt to launch Artemis 1 mission is maybe on Friday.  The fact is that the new era of spaceflight is rising. New heavy-duty cargo systems like Artemis and Space-X's Starship are making history.  They allow creating the new type of missions where large structures can assemble at the Earth and moon orbiters. The miniature shuttles can use as assistant systems that are putting the parts of the large-size structures in the right places.  But why the Moon is an important thing for the next-generation space missions? The space station that is on the moon's surface offers a good place to test the technology that is needed on Mars and farther. But another thing is that the Moon is needed for interplanetary flights for one reason. Interplanetary flights are based the nuclear-powered spacecraft. The nuclear reactor that is used in those missions is dangerous because radioactive material from those reactors can fall to Earth.  Sending a nuclear reactor to the Moon's orbite

Artist's impression of exoplanet TOI-1452 b The anatomy of water worlds.  Exoplanet TOI-1452 b is orbiting red dwarf TOI-1452 for 11 days. There is a possibility, that a thick water layer covers the entire exoplanet TOI-1452 b. That thing makes that exoplanet very interesting. TOI-1452 b is 70 times larger than Earth and five times more massive than our planet. TOI-1452 b is possible a locked planet where powerful winds are blowing because the difference in temperature between day and night sides is very big. So what kind of world the water world can be?  That temperature difference causes extremely strong winds. The windspeed in those jet streams can rise over Mach 1. The difference in the wind speed in latitudes causes the stripes in the water world's atmosphere and the friction between those stripes will heat the atmosphere of the water world.  And if there forms some kind of hurricanes in the atmosphere of water worlds those hurricanes can stay years. The water worlds have

Above 1: The Vampire system Many people think that most armored vehicles are main battle tanks (MBTs) like M-1 Abrams and "Leopard". Most of the armored vehicles are not MBTs. They are cheaper and lighter vehicles like Russian BTR-60 and "Movag Piranha", is one of the armored and weaponized cars. The thing is that things like "Javelin" and heavier "Spike" missiles are making even jeeps dangerous to at least some MBTs until there is a new invention that protects the MBT against the incoming missiles.  Weapon development is the race between improved warheads and improved armor. If the MBT is modern it should do its mission. But if that tank is not modern and equipped with modern offensive and defensive systems it's a death trap. The thing in old-fashion technology is that is working. But if the opponents are using things like GPS-guided ammunition and recon drones with AI-based aiming and launching technologies the old-fashion systems with dumm

XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX "An illustration of the device, which consists of two superconducting circuits: a cold high-frequency circuit (in blue) and a hot low-frequency circuit (in red). Here, the current that flows in the red circuit generates an oscillating magnetic field which leads to the photon-pressure coupling". "By sending in a strong signal to the blue high-frequency circuit, this one is transformed into an amplifier capable of detecting radio-frequency photons flowing in the red circuit with much higher sensitivity. Credit: Researchers" (ScitechDaily.com/Physicists Have Built a Quantum Heat Pump To Detect Dark Matter) XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX Above this text, you can see a quantum heat pump. That system is based on the idea of two superconducting circuits with different energy levels. And different frequencies. In that image, they are marked with red and blue colors.  The red one has a higher energy lev

Above: Artists' impression of exoplanet Wasp-39B Exoplanet Wasp-39b has carbon dioxide in its atmosphere. That thing is one of the possible marks of the lifeforms. But there is also the possibility that oxygen is connecting to carbon in the atmosphere of Wasp-39b. The Wasp-39b is a giant exoplanet. It's so-called hot Jupiter and the atmospheric temperature of that planet is 900 degrees Celsius. That is an extremely hot planet, so there should not be any lifeforms.  But there is one possibility that is not what somebody wants to hear. The possibility is that the carbon dioxide is coming from the high atmosphere of some invisible target near Wasp-39b. The object can be some kind of moon near Wasp-39b. There is also water (H2O) and sodium (Na) in that planet's atmosphere.  The Wasp-39b orbits its central star in four days. The mass of the Wasp-39b is one-quarter of Jupiter. So its mass is similar to Saturn but the size is larger than Jupiter. The reason for that is that the Wa

Biological nanomachines are genetically engineered bacteria. The problem with organic nanorobots is that they have the same limits as bacteria. Normally in nanotechnology bacteria's ability to make descendants is terminated. There is only DNA plasmid in the core of those bacteria.  The purpose of the DNA plasmid is to control the functions of bacteria. But the main DNA is removed. That means bacteria cannot make descendants. And it makes bacteria easier to control.  The non-biological nanomachines are necessary tools in highly toxic and radiation environments. Their operational area is larger than genetically engineered bacteria. Those non-organic or non-biological systems can operate at a high level of radiation and higher temperatures than bacteria. But making large numbers of those machines is difficult.  Nanomachines are impressive tools. But the biggest problem is how to make those extremely small machines work right. There are billions of points where nanorobots are useful, b

When we are looking at the two forms of light, particles and wave motion we can try to find the answer to the strange abilities of the photon. There is the possibility that when a photon stretches to wave motion or superstring it turns flat. So when a photon hits particles its impact area is so small, that it cannot cause enough large-size impact area.  The situation is similar to when a bullet hits the house. That bullet cannot destroy or affect all houses because the impact area is so small. So the bullet makes a small hole in that house.  Same way when a flat photon or superstring travels in space. And impacts material. There is the possibility that it just pushes the quantum field around particles away. The idea is that the particle's quantum field is not a uniform structure. The quantum fields around particles are a series of superstrings or quantum lightning that is forming a structure that looks like a whisk.  The force of that quantum lightning or quantum strings can be uni

  The artificial mice embryos were "real" embryos, not clones. They were made by connecting the chromosomes of two mice. And that makes this thing very interesting. When we are thinking about this method from the point of view of artificial evolution, that thing opens a road to more versatile things than just cloning.  Artificial embryos are making it possible to create tailored people. The parents or DNA deliverers of those embryos can be selected very carefully. Also, nanotechnology can change the sequences of DNA. And researchers can change things like skin color and gender.  The ability to connect genomes and put them in the stem cells is making it possible to create new animals and even humans by using the genomes that are taken from the DNA samples. In some theories, mysterious UFO abductions are made for collecting DNA from extraordinary people. DNA can use to solve what kind of genomes are making people intelligent can be solved from that data.  This new technology do

"Composite frame sequence of a Swainson’s hawk attacking swarming Mexican free-tailed bats at a bat cave in New Mexico, USA. The white lines connect the hawk to the bat that it captures, and remain parallel over time showing that the bat remains on a constant bearing. Credit: Caroline Brighton (Oxford Flight Group)"(Phys.com/ Study reveals how hunting hawks home in on prey inside a chaotic swarm) Many swarming animals, such as insects and birds, use chaos as a shelter. Chaos makes it harder for a predator to pick a single bird or insect from that chaotic flock. Information about how animals such as hawks or dragonflies select targets and attack them makes it possible to create algorithms that are used to select the main movers from a flock of drones. The prime mover is the drone that goes first. And the secondary drone is the backup tool. That mission is to observe the prime movers. They are forming two- or more-stage hierarchical systems that can make their mission waves.  F

"Natural and synthetic embryos side by side with heart and head folds stained in color. Credit: Courtesy of M. Zernicka-Goetz" (ScitechDaily.com/https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-grow-synthetic-mouse-embryo-with-brain-and-beating-heart-from-stem-cells/) Those synthetic embryos are the most fundamental things in biotechnology ever created. Those embryos had hearts and brains. So this kind of cloning technology can use for creating neurons for people whose brain is injured.  The problem with those neurons is that their memories are gone when they are destroyed. But even the existence of the "spare part" neurons makes it possible to avoid physical damage to the brain structures.  Same way as scientists can clone mice by using stem cells. They can clone humans or any other mammal. Stem cell technology can be the biotechnology of the future.  There is the possibility that before humans are born researchers take a couple of stem cells from each embryo for cryogenic stor

"Researchers built a “light trap” around a thin layer using mirrors and lenses, in which the light beam is steered in a circle and then superimposed on itself – exactly in such a way that the beam of light blocks itself and can no longer leave the system". (ScitechDaily.com/A Perfect Trap for Light – Allows Light To Be Absorbed Perfectly in Photosynthesis and Photovoltaics) A photon trap is a perfect tool for sensors. But they can also use to create energy to ignite a fusion reactor without fission. The idea is that the photon trap collects energy from the sun. And then that temperature ignites the fusion fuel.  A photon trap is a chamber where light is trapped inside it. Then that light or photons are jumping between mirrors of that chamber. This thing makes the photon trap the perfect tool for the sensors. When outcoming energy hits those trapped photons. That thing increases their energy. The photon traps can also use in ecological fusion or some other kinds of research. W

The new tool for military systems is lasers. The Helios-type laser systems are offering ultimate defensive and offensive systems. Laser weapons with adjustable power can use for laser communication, laser eavesdropping, and spectrographic intelligence tools. In the last case, the laser will stress the target's atoms. And spectrometer can detect elements that are used for that target. The difference between those systems is the power of the laser rays.  The laser weapons can also shoot ground targets over hills by using very simple methods. The quadcopter will just rise the mirror above the area and that mirror will use to aim a laser ray at the ground target. So the Helios-type systems can also use to destroy ammunition and individual targets on the battlefield. The main problem with regular mirrors is that the glass layer at the front of the reflecting layer absorbs laser radiation. And that thing broke the mirror. But new technology allows for the creation of mirrors, where extre

The FDA accepted new medications for Alzheimer's. And the research is advancing very fast. The name of the medicine is in the top link below this text.  Accumulating toxins can cause the immune cells can attack neurons.  When certain toxins are accumulating in cells there is the possibility that their membrane proteins are changing.  Or otherwise, there will be some strange chemical compounds in the core of those neurons. And if the immune cell misses the neuron or their support cell and destroys those vital cells.  The liver is a very important organ. That organ removes toxic material from our bodies. And that thing can explain why liver disease causes dementia. When toxic waste of the cell metabolism will start to pile up in our body those products of metabolism also get access to our brains and neurons.  When toxic chemicals are starting to pile up in the brain neurons are meant to stay the entire life. There is a big risk that those neurons will be destroyed. This is the reason

Dark energy is energy that rips the universe into pieces. That thing means that there is too much energy in the universe. So is it possible that some particles are "shining too bright?". That thing causes the wave motion called dark energy kicks particles away from each other.  Einstein's theory of gravitation and gravitation lensing exists. So things like dark energy don't mean that the entire gravitational theory is wrong.  But there might be some parts of that theory, that require some kind of rethink. Or maybe there is one thing that even Albert Einstein himself didn't recognize.  That thing is that gravitational lensing accelerates the photon. Or actually, the gravitational field accelerates a photon when the photon travels to the gravitational center. And when a photon travels away from the gravitational field's center its speed slows. That means the speed of photons is not the same all the time.  When photons hit to planet's atmosphere, their speed

The idea of the ultimate reality that is the same for everybody is a myth. The reality is different for everybody in the world. How we see things depends on the experiences that we have. The same thing that might mean funny and pleasure to some people might be very traumatic for some other people. We know that things like festivals and concerts are meant to be places, where everybody has fun.  But some negative experiences can cause that person ever go to those places. The fact is that feelings are in dominating role in the way to see things. The fact is that if the person has some kind of difference in the nervous system or senses that can cause that person to see the world differently than others. So when we are thinking of observation, we must realize that memories have a big influence to things how we are seeing things.  This thing should show that people are individuals. We might see things differently than other people. We might have an allergy that makes something like a chocola

Metals and some other materials are turning superconductive in low temperatures. The superconductivity is the result of the lack of oscillation of the object. And that thing makes objects superconducting. There is also a second way to make an object superconducting.  That thing is increased pressure. And an extremely high pressure ends the oscillation in metal. The problem is that the needed pressure is over 20 thousand times the atmosphere. And if there is a lean in the system that can cause a dangerous situation. The combination of low temperature and high pressure can make it possible to create superconductors that are operating at higher temperatures than ever before.  The third way is to use plasma or a magnetic field that is pushing the wires as normal pressure does. In that case, the magnetic fields are making it possible to create superconducting at room temperature.  ***************************************************************** The thing that makes the object superconducti

For the first time in history, a robot imagined itself. It looked at itself from mirrors and made a copy of itself.  Of course, robots could make copies of themselves by using CAD drawings, stored inside their memories. But the ability to imagine themselves is fundamental.  The ability to imagine themselves without the 3D images makes it possible that robot can fix their damages autonomously. That thing is necessary when the robot is operating in areas where they need to be extremely independent.  The ability to imagine themself will work with the 3D models of the robot's surface layer and its system. The image tells what the structure should look like. And the cameras and other sensors are telling the real situation. The robot's core can contain sensors that are observing what its skeleton and hydraulics are looking like. And if there is some kind of warp or other damage.  The inner core of the robot can have sensors that are observing the condition of its inner structure. Tho

The fact is we don't have an answer for that. The multiverse theory is hard to prove right or wrong simply because those other universes are outside our Universe. So we cannot prove their existence by calculating the mass that exists in the Universe where we live.  There is also the possibility that those other universes are invisible to us. So we might just guess about the existence of the universes outside our Universe.  There is a couple of versions of the multiverse theories. The first one is the original multiverse theory where other universes are outside the Universe as we know it.  But another more exotic version is the matryoshka universe theory. In that theory, the black holes are involving another universe. The idea is that the information cannot vanish. The black hole doesn't destroy information.  Black holes store information. And that information that is stored in black holes can take the form of the Universe.  There is the possibility that there are other universe

Image: ScitechDaily.com/Characterizing Human Beings on a Molecular Level: People With Similar Faces Likely Have Similar DNA) There was an article today in ScitechDaily.com. It had a highlight: "Characterizing Human Beings on a Molecular Level: People With Similar Faces Likely Have Similar DNA". Genome researchers are uncovered that the DNA is similar between people who have similar faces. But that kind of research can also use to make models of human faces. In databases are stored the shapes of the faces.  And the DNA that forms the nose and other details can uncover. By connecting the DNA models the AI can create the image of the person.  In the future, the computer can make the model the faces of humans by using the DNA sample. In the same way, the AI can make the model of human fingerprints by using the DNA image.  Researchers confirmed that DNA between two persons with identical faces is also similar. So that thing tells that face recognition can use to search for family

Drones can carry X-Ray transmitters and receivers. The system can work that way that the 2-8 drones are flying around the target. The receiver must be on the opposite side of the target. That allows making X-ray research for natural animals without trapping them.  Drones and artificial intelligence allows also make even PET scannings for insect-size natural animals without the need to trap them. And the same systems can also use for research on humans who might be injured.  The fact is that nanotechnology and drones allow us to make even radiological research on the insect's nervous system and body in a natural environment. The system can be artificial intelligence-controlled drones that can have nanotechnology-based injectors. That injector injects things like the I-131 isotope into the insect's body.  And then extremely small sensors can detect how the radioactive isotope travels in the insect's body. The system can use miniaturized sensor chips that are like dust. Those

"A new imaging technique called trans-Tango(activity), developed by researchers with the Brown's Carney Institute for Brain Science, reveals how specific neurons in brain circuits of fruit flies respond to stimuli such as sweet and bitter tastes. Credit: Gilad Barnea". (Phys.org/Using new technique, researchers make surprising discoveries about how flies' brains respond to tastes) New miniature systems called "trans-Tango" open a view of the insects' brain activity. That system can observe the activity of individual neurons. That can revolutionize neurology. This kind of system can collect information on how the insects find their food.  And how they observe predators. Maybe quite soon, those systems can install in drones, controlled by artificial intelligence. So they can observe insects in their natural environment. That kind of information can use to create a new type of insect repellent.  But the information on how the insect's brains work can gi

The study shed new light on the process of memory recall. (ScitechDaily.com/Broad Implications: New Study Reveals Where Memory Fragments Are Stored) A new study solved where memory fragments locate in the human brain. This kind of study can help to create technology that can help to minimize brain damage. The problem with brain cells is that when they have been destroyed. The memory fragments of those cells are destroyed.  And that thing makes replacing damaged neural tissue difficult. Another study has solved how brain cells are forming. In animal brains the brain neurons that are formed together wed distinct connectivity and activity throughout the animals’ adult lives.  That thing means, that the neurons are born in pairs keeping in touch their entire life. The neurons are formed in pairs because there should be an odd number of neurons in the brain. That thing eliminates the possibility that there is the same number of neurons in the case the brain must decide something. If every s

The reason why some mutations are silent is simple. Cells read the DNA sequence, where the silent mutation locates seldom.  And those DNA sequences control the development of neurons and the nervous system. There is no junk DNA in human genomes. So every genetic abnormal is dangerous.  When people are talking about things like "silent mutations" they should understand that the thing that makes mutation silent is that its location is in the DNA sequences that are not read very often. If the cells don't read the DNA sequences very often that means they don't need that data very often. So what that kind of data is? Those DNA sequences that are read seldom involve information that is needed for cells that are splitting very seldom.  So those "silent mutations" are in the areas where is information. That controls the development of the nervous system. And that kind of mutation involves the greatest risks. The error in the genetic code that controls the developmen

  The inner shadow of the photon rings could tell that there is some kind of radiation that pushes the photon ring away from the event horizon. So is that inner shadow the result of the Hawking radiation? Or is it an even more exotic thing?  Can that inner shadow tell the wavelength of the radiation turns so short that radiation that falls in the black hole is invisible? There is the possibility that the black hole can pull that radiation straight. But if there is wave motion that is coming from the black hole. That thing can form short-living virtual particles.  There is the possibility, that those short-living particles are the source of dark energy. When photons are orbiting a black hole they are interacting with their environment. Those photons are collecting things like gravitational energy and resend that wave motion around the universe. That dark shadow means that there is the possibility that the photon itself can be the hypothetical graviton.  There is the possibility that aro

  There is a photon ring around black holes. That photon ring is an example of the energy level and the force of the gravitation of black holes. That photon ring is one of the things that is predicted but the evidence of those photons that are orbiting black holes is not confirmed yet. That photon ring is one of the things that is making black holes invisible.  The photon that orbits a black hole precisely at the point of the event horizon can act as a tensor between the world inside the singularity and outside it. So the photon that is orbiting a black hole just at the point of the event horizon can conduct energy away from the black hole. By using two-way quantum entanglement. But the photon will not necessarily require quantum entanglement for conducting energy away from the black hole. The photon can stretch by massive gravitation if another side of the photon is inside and the other is an outside event horizon. That photon acts like an antenna, that conducts energy out from a blac