Positronium as a tool that can revolutionize the world

“Quantum physics revealed that matter can behave like waves, a concept famously demonstrated through interference experiments but never directly observed in certain exotic systems. Now, researchers have extended this phenomenon to positronium—a short-lived electron–positron pair—showing it produces clear diffraction patterns and behaves as a unified quantum object. Credit: SciTechDaily.com” (ScitechDaily, Researchers Capture Quantum Interference in One of Nature’s Rarest Atoms)

“Scientists have made the first experimental observation of matter wave diffraction in a short-lived electron-positron atom.”(ScitechDaily, Researchers Capture Quantum Interference in One of Nature’s Rarest Atoms) And this can revolutionize communication. And things like laser technology. 

Positronium is one of the rarest things in the universe. Somebody says that it’s an atom. Somebody classifies it as a quasiparticle. The positronium is the system. The positron and electron orbit each other. One of the things. That could stabilize. The electron and positron system. It is an exciton-type energy hole. 

In that model. The system puts. An electron and a positron orbit the energy hole. The problem is how to create a neutral exciton. The exciton is a positive hole in the energy field. And the electron orbits that hole. But in the case of positronium. The system should neutralize the repulsive effect between the positive hole and the positron. The stabilization of the mass center stabilizes this structure. The extremely thin laser beam. It could make this stable energy hole a reality. 

Positronium may someday hold the key to creating a small and effective antimatter annihilation system. Positron and electron are mirror particles. When those particles collide, it causes annihilation. This means that both particles turn into energy. The controlled annihilation. It can be a tool that creates high-energy radiation. 

"An electron and positron orbiting around their common centre of mass. An s state has zero angular momentum, so orbiting around each other would mean going straight at each other until the pair of particles is either scattered or annihilated, whichever occurs first. This is a bound quantum state known as positronium." (Wikipedia, Positronium)

“Frenkel exciton, bound electron-hole pair where the hole is localized at a position in the crystal represented by black dots” (Wikipedia, Exciton)

The system called positron emission tomography (PET) uses this radiation. For making images of the tissues. The technology. Where those positrons are stored in the form of positronium. Can. Make it possible to create small, portable PET scanners. The positron cloud can also make it possible to create an antimatter weapon. The positrons are hovering in a magnetized vacuum bottle. The magnetic field keeps those positrons away from the walls of the bottle. When the system must be detonated. It allows positrons to interact with their environment. 

The positronium. Makes it possible to create gamma-ray lasers. The positronium chains are around the tube. Then, at the bottom of the tube, the electron-positron annihilation happens. The system also annihilates positronium chains. Around that energy beam. This reaction can be used to create a coherent X-ray impulse. 

The thing that makes positronium so reactive. Makes it a perfect tool for quantum cryptology. The positronium can create DNA-style chains. And the system can store information. In those chains. If the wrong person tries to open the message transporter, it causes annihilation. 

The system can store data. In the positronium, and then make the quantum entanglement between two positronium particles. After that. The system destroys those particles by allowing electrons to interact with positrons. This means that the same technology has multiple purposes. The positronium USB can also act as an antimatter bomb. 

https://scitechdaily.com/researchers-capture-quantum-interference-in-one-of-natures-rarest-atoms/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exciton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positron

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positronium

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quasiparticle

The cosmic antimatter can be one thing behind dark energy.

  The cosmic antimatter can be one thing behind dark energy. 

There is a model that so-called sub-hadronic particles could be behind dark energy. Normally, people think that electrons and positrons form the particle-antiparticle pairs. But the fact is that almost every boson and fermion has anti-particle or mirror-particle pairs. 

One place where antimatter is are protons. Protons are much more than just two up, and one down quarks. Inside protons are numerous particles and antiparticles that are far smaller than electrons. Annihilation also happens between those other particle-antiparticle pairs. 

And that means electron-positron pairs are not only annihilating particles. The quark-anti-quark pairs can annihilate into a photon and wave movement. 

Can exotic annihilation like annihilation between gluons and anti-gluons explain dark energy? 

Same way. Gluons and anti-gluons or maybe neutrino-antineutrino can annihilate in, the same way as all other particle-antiparticle pairs. And maybe that thing could explain dark energy. The Schwinger effect forms the particle-antiparticle pairs. And if those particle-antiparticle pairs are too close to each other they annihilate. 

So if quasars send radiation beams that are turning into particle-antiparticle pairs that are not electron-positron pairs that thing could explain dark energy or some part of it. This annihilation where other particles than positrons and electrons annihilate can called exotic annihilation. One example of that kind of annihilation would be a case, where gluon-anti-gluon pairs annihilate. 

The quasars and other high-energy objects like pulsars can explain cosmic antimatter.

When quasars or some other high-energy objects send their radiation and particle beams some part of that material can turn into dark matter. Quasars are objects that form around black holes. When those objects send extremely high-energy radiation. That radiation can cause a situation. That is the point where the energy beam forms a point where there is no electromagnetism or quantum fields. The high energy radiation pushes quantum fields from around it. 

A similar thing can happen between energy beams of pulsars. If the pulsar cycle is high enough. That causes a situation where quantum fields have no time to fill that hole. And that forms the WARP channel in the track of that energy beam. When that energy beam hits the matter in the Milky Way that thing can cause a situation where the punch turns the particle's spin opposite. And that forms antimatter. 

And when that energy beam is left from the black hole it travels a short time in WARP-bubble. When those particles are traveling in a warp bubble suddenly they impact with electromagnetic fields and that impact causes a situation where those particle's spin turns opposite. That is the thing that forms antimatter. 

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/pulsars-dark-matter-milky-way-antimatter/

https://neutrinos.fnal.gov/types/antineutrinos/

https://www.techexplorist.com/proton-complicated-expected-think-scientists/38011/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annihilation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiparticle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_chromodynamics

Antihelium nuclei measure galaxies over long distances.

"llustration of antihelium annihilation in the ALICE detector at CERN as well as in the universe. Credit: ORIGINS Cluster/S. Kwauka" (ScitechDaily/Search for Dark Matter: Antihelium Nuclei As Messengers From the Depths of the Galaxy)

ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) sensor of LHC (Large Hadron Collider) uses antihelium nuclei first time for detecting dark matter. The operators want to use antihelium for detecting interactions between weak wave movement and sensors. The idea is that the antihelium nuclei or so-called anti-alpha-particle, where protons have a negative electric load can detect some wave movements more easily than regular helium nuclei or alpha particles. 

And the reason for that is the antihelium is sterile. That means it would not receive electromagnetic wave movement the same way as regular helium nuclei. This makes it easier to measure changes in that ion's weight and the size of its quantum field. 

Gravitational waves should have a scattering effect similar to light and radio waves. And when scattering gravitational waves impact with other gravitational waves. That causes the maser effect that increases the power of those gravitational waves. 

The problem with dark matter detection is that nobody knows the form of dark matter. There is the gravitational effect that the source is unknown. Also, there is a mystery curve in Muon-particle's trajectory in Brookhaven and Fermilab laboratories. So did that muon hit something that was not seen, and could that thing be dark matter? 

Dark matter must not be real material to affect the muon's trajectory. Dark matter can be so-called virtual material. In that model, the unknown gravitational effect is some kind of gravitational maser effect. The idea is that gravitational waves act like all other wave movements. That means gravitational waves also have scattering effects like light and radio waves.

But there is the possibility that dark matter is some kind of channel. That means something that travels at extremely high-speed forms the channel where electromagnetic wave movement falls. But the problem is this, nobody has confirmed the detection of dark matter. The gravitational effect that is called dark matter is a mystery. And sometimes researchers say that dark matter does not exist. 

Or maybe they should say: "Probably dark matter has no material form at all". Maybe, dark matter is virtual material that forms when gravitational wave movement increases its strength. The fact is that the form of dark matter is a mystery. There must be some source for the gravitational interaction that is the second dominating effect in the universe. 

Why is antihelium ion effective tool for annihilation measurements?

It's easier to calculate the predicted energy production of sterile particles than some very old particles. In particle collimation measurements system calculates differences between predicted and real energy levels. During those tests, the system also detects the changes in the decreasing energy level of those impacted particles. If the decreasing energy curve is not straight. That tells something about the origin of the quantum fields that connect with the antihelium nuclei or some other particle that travels in the particle accelerator. The reason why antihelium is a so effective detector is. 

Its annihilation stays longer than electron-positron annihilation. Also, a larger surface area of antihelium or antihelium ions guarantees. That antihelium can catch more quantum anomalies on its surface than smaller positrons. And those things are making measurements easier. Because anomalies are stronger. And they last a long time. 

That is why antihelium annihilation is a more effective way to detect dark matter or very weak wave movement than regular helium use. The existence of antimatter is not very long. And that guarantees their purity. Regular helium atoms can exist for billions of years. 

And that thing means. Electromagnetic wave movement is polluted those helium nuclei. When an elementary particle or ion travels across the electromagnetic or quantum field. It takes a little part of that field with it. And that affects the weight of the elementary particle or ion. That change can detect by measuring the annihilation energy of that impact. The problem is how to separate electromagnetic fields that are connected to a particle when it travels in the particle accelerator. And what accumulated over them over billions of years. 

https://scitechdaily.com/search-for-dark-matter-antihelium-nuclei-as-messengers-from-the-depths-of-the-galaxy/

https://shorttextsofoldscholars.blogspot.com/

The EM-engines: why they can be like sails?

In some visions, the saucer-shaped craft that uses an antimatter engine is someday possible. The lasers below that craft are shooting electrons away from atoms below them. Then the positrons will inject into the engine from above. That causes powerful annihilation between two layers. The idea is that the antimatter engine can be two layers that are very close to each other. 

The image below this text (Image 2 introduces a hypothetical interstellar antimatter engine. In some models, the antimatter or positrons and electrons are exploded between two plates. The plate mounted backward made by using a network structure like graphene. And the plate that is froward is made by using gold or some other thick material. 

One thing about electromagnetic drives is always forgotten in the texts. And that thing is the reason for the weak thrust. The reason, why EM (Electromagnetic) drives thrust is so weak is that the force that hits the front side of the engine is minimum. But there is the possibility that things like photon rockets or laser rocket engines can give more powerful thrust.

The idea is that the EM drive will aim its thrust forward. In that case, the idea is similar to the sail where the compressor blows air into the sails. In regular way to think about this kind of system is that the system aims airflow backward. 

But what if the system will blow air forward to sails? That thing makes it possible to create a ship where is no sound underwater. That kind of ship would not need a propeller either. But it can be too complicated or impractical for mass production. 

If we think that the laser ray or microwaves will aim to forward like in the image above this text. That can give the engine also thrust. In those systems, a laser or some other electromagnetic radiation will aim at the gold or uranium plate. 

And that thing pushes the craft forward. In some other versions, the cathode ray or electron beam will target the uranium plate. The idea is that the laser- or some other electromagnetic radiation hits the metal. And that thing makes the same effect as the wind when it hits the sails. 

The pressure that impacts the front plate of the combustion chamber is the thing that causes the rocket engine's thrust. The reason why hydrogen gives so low thrust is that the hydrogen doesn't give impact the front plate of the combustion chamber. And the reason for that is that the water molecules that are traveling backward are pulling the vacuum channel behind them. 

In some futuristic visions, the small nuclear weapon that is launched by laser ray will be detonated in the rocket engine. That is one type of so-called Orion rocket where the small nuclear detonators are pushing the rocket forward. In that model, the system decreases the temperature of the system near absolute zero. And then the nuclear detonator will detonate inside the liquid helium. That can cause a bubble that pushes the craft faster than any craft could travel before it. 

(Image 2)

Why the hydrogen fuel's thrust is so weak?

The idea for that system is taken from the hydrogen fuel in rockets. The best specific impulse for rocket engines comes from hydrogen. But the problem is that hydrogen rocket gives the weakest thrust. The high-speed specific impulse of the hydrogen causes the weak thrust. 

When the water molecules that are forming when the hydrogen and oxygen are traveling backward that thing causes a vacuum. If the burning happens in the middle of the chamber and some heavier gas like nitrogen will inject below the burning point. That increases the impulse that impacts the front of the combustion chamber. 

In some visions, there is a tube through the rocket. That tube pulls pressure impulse upward. And that thing should increase the power of the rocket engine. 

The idea is that the lower pressure moves the combustion forward. And that increases the power of the pressure aimed forward. That kind of system can turn rocket engines more ecologically than ever before. 

https://www.popularmechanics.com/space/a19728/kickstarter-interstellar-antimatter-engine/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Orion_(nuclear_propulsion)

https://designandinnovationtales.blogspot.com/

Cosmic antimatter mystery.

The antimatter is a mystery. At the beginning of the universe, the Schwinger-Effect created particle-antiparticle pairs. And one of the most interesting things in history is why only material remains. Why there was a little bit more material than antimatter? The interesting thing is could things like neutron stars form material from radiation. And could there be the Schwinger Effect in the modern universe? 

If there are magnetic fields in the universe that forms material, that thing could be one of the most revolutionary things in physics. And the principle of the Schwinger Effect is that when an electromagnetic field forms material, it forms particle-antiparticle pair. 

There is suspicion that some part of antimatter is forming during supernova explosions. In that case, the giant and extremely powerful shockwave travel through the universe. And there is a possibility that this effect turns the spin of electrons or even hadrons and forms antimatter. Or at least the supernova explosions are enough powerful that the radiation can make that thing. 

But an interesting thing is that also weaker magnetic fields like neutron stars and their radiation pikes can make that thing. Antimatter is forming in the atmosphere. When cosmic radiation turns the spin of some electrons. And that means also the atmospheres of other planets and plasma fields are the source of cosmic antimatter. 

Sometimes is introduced that some part of dark energy forms in an annihilation reaction where particle-antiparticle pairs are impacting each other. When we are talking about the annihilation and particle-antiparticle pairs we are not always talking about electron-positron pairs.

 Also, other elementary particles have anti-particle pairs. And maybe some part of dark energy forms when things like gluon-anti gluon (or boson-anti boson (or quark-anti quark)) pairs are annihilating. That thing is annihilation, similar way with the electron-positron pairs. 

But that kind of annihilation sends energy. That has a different wavelength than electron-positron annihilation. The fact is that also short-living bosons. And other high-energy particles that are short living can also make annihilation reactions. Maybe that kind of reaction is the source of dark energy, that rips the universe in pieces.  

https://scitechdaily.com/unraveling-a-cosmic-antimatter-mystery/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwinger_effect

Image: https://scitechdaily.com/unraveling-a-cosmic-antimatter-mystery/

Lunar cruisers and antimatter.

 

Lunar cruisers can be more capable systems than nobody ever thought. That planetary rover can also use as the antimatter plant. The system can create antimatter from the solar wind. As I wrote many times before the Lunar cruiser can create antimatter by making the beta-radiation (electrons) travel through the thin gold layer. That thing will turn the spin of electrons. And that turns electrons into positrons.

The futuristic antimatter spacecraft can look like the Nerva system that is drawn in image two. In antimatter craft, those hydrogen bottles are replaced by using antimatter bottles. In those bottles, the magnetic field pushes positrons away from the layer.

    

Image: Pinterest

Then those positrons can separate from the captured particles by using a magnetic field. Then positrons will be put into a magnetic bottle.

In that system, the magnetic field pushes positrons keeping them away from its layer. If positrons touch electrons that thing causes annihilation. The vehicle can use antimatter in its systems as fuel.

But that system can use to create antimatter for antimatter crafts. The idea is that the system would replace hydrogen tanks by using antimatter bottles. Antimatter engines can open roads to the entire solar system and even farther. The antimatter engine itself is like every rocket engine. But the reaction that is used in that engine is the antimatter-material collimation. That collimation causes an energy load that is the highest possible.

More about this topic. 

everyactioncausesthereaction.wordpress.com

curiosityanddarkmatter.home.blog

Antimatter and nuclear power are suitable for aviation.

Image 1) B-1B Lancer (Image: Pinterest)

Antimatter is the most powerful energy source in the universe. The production of antimatter is not very difficult. If we would be in space. There is enough that the spacecraft that has thin gold layer and fly that spacecraft to the direction of the sun. 

The thin gold layer will turn the beta-radiation that comes from the sun into the anti-electrons or positrons. Then those positrons need just react with regular electrons. That system can also increase its power by using extra propellants like water or some liquid gas. Annihilation will simply accelerate that propellant to space. And that thing gives a very powerful punch. 

But there is the possibility that the system can use a small portable nuclear reactor for creating antimatter. Small nuclear reactors or micro nukes are under development. Its mission is to replace combustion engines. Microreactors are very small. 

Image 2:) Container-size microreactors are powerful tools.

They are container-size systems. And those micro nuclear reactors can use for many systems. They are like extremely powerful batteries that can drive inside the ships and just connect to the ship's power system. The same reactor can transfer to the airfield and put inside the aircraft. And that reactor can also deliver energy to small towns.

But the container-size nuclear reactors can use to create antimatter for very large shuttles. The crew can install a nuclear reactor between thin gold layers and then that system creates antimatter. The antimatter can be driven to the turbine or scramjet engine. There the hydrogen or some other propellant will inject against that antimatter that is conducted from the aircraft's bay to the shuttle's engines. 

That kind of small nuclear reactor can install inside the bomb bay of the B-1 bomber. And the small nuclear reactor gives an extremely tough punch even if the antimatter will not use. But the small nuclear reactor and antimatter unit are impressive tools for future systems. 

https://energypost.eu/micro-nuclear-reactors-up-to-20mw-portable-safer/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear-powered_aircraft

Image 2) https://energypost.eu/micro-nuclear-reactors-up-to-20mw-portable-safer/

https://designandinnovationtales.blogspot.com/

Was the Tunguska event in 1908 caused by antimatter annihilation?

Fallen trees at Tunguska, 1927 (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunguska_event)

Was the Tunguska event in 1908 caused by antimatter annihilation? 

The Tunguska explosion happened on June 30, 1908. The thing that makes this explosion interesting is that there was no mark of the meteorite. There is one theory that is ever handled, and that is: did somebody conduct lightning to the leaf gold. And that thing can turn those electrons to positrons causing annihilation. 

When we are facing that kind of thing. That here was the explosion that fell forest in large areas. There must be some kind of reason for that explosion. And one of the things that can make the explosion without a trace is the antimatter. But how antimatter bites could travel through the atmosphere, and fall to the ground? 

The fact is that the Tunguska explosion happened above the ground. There is a little rise in the radiation level at the point where the explosion happened. The reason why the radiation level rises is, that the explosion's heat caused the air starts to rise higher. And that vacuum pulled radioactive material away from the ground.

Did somebody make antimatter that day? 

Did somebody create antimatter on that day? One of the things that ever imagined is that did somebody conduct the lightning to the ball that is covered using leaf gold. The electric force of lightning is extremely high. There is needed only a very thin gold layer above the stone. If the lightning conductor will aim at the gold layer. That thing turns electrons into positrons. 

Lightning can conduct to the core of the ball or balloon covered by leaf gold. That gold layer will turn the spin of the electrons around. And create antimatter. Or sharper saying positrons. The antimatter can explain the explosion of the Tunguska. Could it be possible that some researchers conducted lightning to the bite where was the leaf gold layer? 

Did lightning cause the Dyatlov Incident in 1959?

What would happen if the lightning is conducted to the wedding ring? Did that kind of test explain why 9 people were killed in the Dyatlov Pass in 1959? The avalanche or some kind of thermobaric weapon has introduced the reason for that tragedy. 

Could some kind of physical test explain the Dyatlov incident? There is the possibility that some kind of explosion killed the 9 persons in the Dyatlov pass in 1959. Six of them died because of hypothermia, 2 of chest injuries, and 1 of head injuries. Did some kind of physical reaction cause the explosion that caused the death of those people? If some kind of lightning will impact things like candles or spray bottles. That thing can cause a very powerful detonation. 

Or maybe somebody conducted high-voltage electricity or natural electricity to the things like the fireplace? The smoke is carbon and if there was some kind of high voltage electricity in the air the smoke of the fireplace could pull the lightning to that point. When the lightning hits the fire it increases its energy level. And that thing can cause a very serious situation. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dyatlov_Pass_incident

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tunguska_event

A quantum neural computer can have antimatter in its brains.

A Quantum neural computer or 3D quantum neural network could be by using antiprotonic helium and positronium. The antiprotonic helium and positronium are extremely unstable things. That means the smallest mistakes can cause a devastating annihilation reaction. 

Antiprotonic helium can be the key to creating the 3D quantum network. The idea of this type of futuristic neural quantum computer is theoretically simple. The helium nucleus, along with antiprotons acts as the nucleus of the neurons. And the positronium when electron and positron are connected. Or protonium where antiproton and proton are orbiting each other acts as axons.

The problem is how to stabilize the positions of antiprotons and positronium? There is theoretically possible to use the magnetic fields to make that thing. The magnet pulls the antiproton away from the nucleus and anchors it to the right position. 

The power that the magnet uses must be the same. That keeps the antiproton at its trajectory. At the first, the information will transmit from antiproton to positronium. There the quantum entanglement will transfer it to the next antiprotonic helium. 

The positronium would be more suitable. Because antiproton and electrons don't cause annihilation if they touch each other. The data would transmit to that system by stressing helium nuclei by using electromagnetic radiation. The positronium would be easy to put in the right position. And then the superposition and entanglements are easier to form. 

But the practical solution of that kind of this kind of hybrid system is extremely hard to make. The needed mass of antiprotonic helium and positronium requires very much energy. And if something goes wrong the annihilation would be devastating. There is a theoretical possibility to make that kind of structure that hovers in its vacuum chamber in magnetic levitation. And the data can be input into that system by using electromagnetic radiation. 

The brightness of the EM-emission in that structure makes it possible that the sensors can observe the quantum structure and output the information. Maybe that kind of futuristic quantum computer can is put in the hologram. When the energy level of that system changes it causes interaction with the hologram. 

The positronium and protonium would be extremely good actors in quantum computers. They are easier to position at the right angle and if we want to stabilize those things. There is the possibility to use the magnets. That is put on both sides of the positronium or protonium. Then those magnets are put those antiparticle-particle pairs in the right position. And then the laser- or some other radiation would superposition and entangle those particles. 

That kind of system requires an extremely low temperature that eliminates the oscillation from the system. The thing is that the compact-size quantum computer can look like a little bit the electron microscope. The electron-positron pairs can be at both sides of that system. And they are trapped in the graphene net. 

The positrons must be at the middle of the holes in the graphene structure. The magnetic fields are keeping them hovering. That denies them to touch material. If positron touches the material that causes annihilation. Then the powerful EM-radiation would send lengthwise through that system. The fact is that this kind of system is extremely hard to create. And if there is a leak that causes powerful annihilation. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiprotonic_helium

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positronium

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protonium

Physics breakthrough the material particles created from the vacuum.

The researchers of the University of Manchester proved the Schwinger effect. The electromagnetic fields can turn to particles in a vacuum. That thing is a remarkable thing. 

When we are trying to understand the form and origin of the material and possibly dark matter in the universe. There is the possibility that the Schwinger effect caused the formation of the particles from the electromagnetic field. In that reaction, the Schwinger effect forms the particle-antiparticle pair. 

The question is where that electromagnetic field came from. So the answer for the origin of material in the universe could be that some kind of Schwinger effect turned the magnetic field into particles. But electromagnetic fields are not forming from emptiness. There must be something that makes the electromagnetic field. So is the origin of the material in the universe some kind of magnetic skyrmion? In this text term "skyrmion" means magnetic skyrmion. 

Skyrmion is an electromagnetic whirl. And that kind of phenomenon is made in the laboratory. Normally skyrmion can be formed around protons or electrons and ions. Stable skyrmions surround black holes. 

Sometimes is introduced the possibility to use skyrmions to uncover wormholes. Those wormholes or Einstein-Rose bridges can form skyrmions around them. So the idea to use skyrmions to uncover wormholes is interesting. The researchers must just find skyrmion that is not forming around the protons, neutrons, or electrons. And that thing is a little bit difficult. 

The term anti-universe means a simple hypothetical universe that is formed of antimatter. Time and all other things might seem similar in that hypothetical universe as they are in our universe. But the objects in that universe are formed antimatter. The thing that supports this conclusion is that magnetic fields are turning particles- and their antiparticle pair to opposite directions. Or the electromagnetic force pulls the particles together. And that thing causes annihilation. 

The thing is that something turned wave movement to the material during the Big Bang. And the question is where did that wave movement come? Wave movement doesn't form from the vacuum. There must be some kind of source for that wave movement. But where that source could be? Was the source of that wave movement in some other universe? Or was it in some kind of wormhole? 

When we try to find the answer to that question, where does the material come from? We can answer that the material is the result when the wave movement turns to particle and antiparticle. That causes the question. Is it possible that there is another universe or so-called anti-universe? The term anti-universe means simply the universe formed of antimatter. In that antimaterial universe, time moves like in our universe. 

But the material that forms that universe would be antimatter. The idea of the anti-universe is bringing that the antimatter particles would turn different direction than material particles when wave movement turns to particles. So maybe somewhere outside the universe is another universe formed by antimatter. 

https://scitechdaily.com/cosmic-physics-breakthrough-scientists-produce-particle-antiparticle-pairs-from-a-vacuum/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_skyrmion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schwinger_effect

Image)https://scitechdaily.com/cosmic-physics-breakthrough-scientists-produce-particle-antiparticle-pairs-from-a-vacuum/

https://thoughtsaboutsuperpositions.blogspot.com/

The material and antimatter are both giving the same response to gravitation.

Image: Pinterest

The material and antimatter are both giving the same response to gravitation. This thing is proving that antimatter is "only" the mirror material. And there is the possibility that there are stars or even galaxies that are formed of antimatter. It is suspicious that even in our galaxy, the Milky Way might lurk the antistars or stars that are formed of antimatter. Those stars are impossible to separate from the "normal stars" until some material particle touches them. 

That causes a terrible explosion. One way to search the antimatter stars is to look for the supernovas that are suddenly exploding. The supernova explosion is normally happening when the old star is used all of its fuel. So the detonating star is red. If a yellow or young star suddenly detonates the reason for that detonation could be an antimatter object. Or otherwise, the material object can hit the antistar.  When antimatter faces material that thing causes the reaction called annihilation. In that reaction, the entire mass of material and antimatter that involves the reaction is turning energy. 

The energy load of antimatter is so powerful. That there is needed only a gram to destroy the entire Earth. And the "magical gram" of antimatter is needed to make the spacecraft travel to Alpha Centauri. Production and storing of antimatter are extremely expensive.  

Storing the antimatter particles will happen in the magnetic bottles where the magnetic field hovers those particles. There are two ways to store antimatter particles. One is the magnetic accelerator. That looks a little bit like "Tokamak"-reactor or donut. In that system, the antimatter particles like antiprotons and positrons. (anti-electrons) are kept in motion. In another version, the antimatter particles will store. 

Positron crystals are electron crystals that are forming of positrons (anti-electrons). That crystal can be the graphene where positrons are between the squares. Also, nanotubes can store antimatter. In that case, positrons or antiprotons can be put to hover in the nanotube. And the outcoming magnetic field can push that material out the core of that structure. 

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There is possible to use the Teller Bombs or antimatter bombs in the interstellar version of the "Project Orion". 

Image: Wikipedia/Project Orion (nuclear propulsion)

The goal of Project Orion in the case of space nuclear propulsion was the rocket that planned to use nuclear bombs for the thrust. The US government set that project in the 1950s. For research the ability to use nuclear bombs for interplanetary spacecraft. 

The series of one kiloton nuclear bombs can accelerate the craft traveling in the solar system. Small antimatter bombs or Teller bombs can give more capacity for that system. 

The idea is to store the positrons or antiprotons in the bottle where the magnetic field is keeping them away from the core. The bottles can shoot backward by using a magnetic accelerator or simply a rocket engine. Then the polarity of the magnetic field is changed. And those antimatter particles will pull against the core of that bottle. That causes detonation that would push the craft forward. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Orion_(nuclear_propulsion)

x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x-x

Or maybe Wigner crystal can use to store antiprotons. The antiproton is a negative particle opposite to a proton. That means the Wigner crystal could store that material. And the only needed thing is just to deny the antimatter touch the material. 

The same way is possible to make the proton and anti-proton crystals. That term means the material or antimatter structures that are formed only by protons. In those cases, the outcoming magnetic field is pressing those particles together. 

The name positron means "positive electrons". Normally electrons have a negative polarity. But anti-electrons have a positive electric load. The anti-electrons can move by using laser tweezers. Laser- or maser tweezers are crossing laser or some other coherent electromagnetic radiation that can move particles. And because the anti-electrons are otherwise acting like electrons they can put them to the structure called positron crystals. 

In the simply magnetic storage or bottle. The magnets are needed to push the antimatter particles away from the core of the bottle. The anti-electrons or positrons can be put to the form of electron crystals the same way as electrons. The positron crystals can be the key to the most powerful engines in the world. And those positron crystals can make the "Teller bomb" or antimatter bomb true. 

The size of those small magnetic storages could be very small. And the power load from the positron crystals is extremely powerful. The antimatter can use as weapons, engine fuel. Or it can use to destroy incoming asteroids or comets. So someday the antimatter bomb that is the most horrifying device in history can use to destroy the rogue planet that is coming to our solar system. 

https://www.sciencenewsforstudents.org/article/stars-antimatter-galaxy-milky-way-space-antistar

https://www.space.com/matter-antimatter-same-response-to-gravity

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wigner_crystal

https://thoughtsaboutsuperpositions.blogspot.com/

For the first time probe has touched the Sun.

 

 For the first time probe has touched the Sun. 

NASA Parker probe has been dive in the Sun. That probe used interesting technology that helped to keep it cool. There could be possible to make the probe dive even deeper by using a magnetic field that pushes the plasma away from the probe. That would decrease the interaction between the probe and the plasma that comes from the Sun. 

The reason why Parker was sent to its mission. Is that it should collect data from the solar wind. The solar wind is high-energetic plasma that can destroy spacecraft. But there is another reason why close contact with the Sun is needed. The mission of probes like Parker is to collect data for the fusion tests. The power source of the Sun is fusion reaction. And the close contact with the Sun is the thing that can help to model the conditions that are making fusion possible. 

In some visions, the probes like Parker can collect antimatter from the solar atmosphere. The probe would travel to the sun.  Then that antimatter collector dives deep into the corona. Then it could open the solar sail and solar wind can push the probe back to Earth. 

Antimatter production is extremely expensive. And the probe could create it by putting the beta particles of the solar wind impact with gold leaf. Antimatter can use in fusion reactors to start the fusion reaction. 

The antimatter is creating an extremely high energy load. And that energy can use for starting and maintaining fusion reactions. The antimatter can make annihilate with material around the plasma-ring at Tokamak-type reactors. And that energy dose can start a fusion reaction. And it can raise the temperature after certain periods. The use of antimatter is to boost the fusion reaction in the fusion reactors. 

When the fusion reactor will start to turn too cold small dose of antimatter can turn the temperature to the needed level. The problem with the fusion rector is that the needed temperature is higher than in the Sun's nucleus. In the fusion reactors, the pressure of the nucleus of the sun must compensate by rising temperature to so high level. That the heat replaces missing pressure.  

The use of antimatter is one of the answers to how to create enough energy for starting self-maintaining fusion. But the high price would limit the use of antimatter for that purpose. So antimatter can collect from space. 

https://scitechdaily.com/parker-solar-probe-for-the-first-time-in-history-a-spacecraft-has-touched-the-sun/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokamak

https://likeinterstellartravelingandfuturism.blogspot.com/

Tunguska explosion on June 30, 1908

The image I: The nuclear test at Pacific

The structure of the meteorite that caused the Tunguska detonation is a mystery. There is the possibility that the asteroid was the bite of methane ice under the dust. And that thing makes it possible that the explosion happened in the air. The fact is that nobody can prove that they saw an object flying in the air. Many people saw that explosion. But nobody has proven to see that object when it was flying. I use the term "object" for meaning the meteorite that caused the explosion. 

The fact is that the shape or form of the meteorite is a mystery. The Soviet science academy started the research of that case in 1927. And there were almost 20 years of that case. So the memories of people were not clear. And maybe some of the "witnesses" played mad because they were afraid Soviet secret police. Between the explosion and the start of research was a long time. 

 Leonid Alekseyevich Kulik (1882-1942) 

Image II

The first research of the Tunguska case began in 1921. And the notes of the first, 1921 exploration lost. The problem was the Russian civil war. So the conditions in the Soviet Union stabilized in 1923 when the civil war was over. And that's why I will claim that the first real investigations were possible in 1927. Russian mineralogist Leonid Kulik (1882-1942) was the leader of all explorations in that area.  In the years 1921, 1927, and 1937. 

There was the First World War, the Russian revolution, and the civil war. That means the research team had a very small chance to solve that mystery. When the story of the changing trajectory of the object is told the researchers might just forget to ask did the self seen that thing or was it some cousin? 

And another thing is that they probably didn't ask what kind of trajectories that person saw? Did the object come to the ground at 90 degrees angle? Or was it gently and what was the position of the observer? Was that person under the trajectory? Or did that person standing at the side of the trajectory? Did that object leave smoke trails or was it like some kind of laser ray? And what color was that trail? Was it black that might be the sign of carbon meteorite that vaporizing in the atmosphere? 

Image III: The ground zero of Tunguska

If the antimatter arrived in the atmosphere that should cause the detonation in the upper atmosphere. So if the reason for the explosion was antimatter it should be inside some kind of magnetic bite. The magnetic core could cover the antimatter bite so long that it would be near the ground or at least in a deep atmosphere before the explosion happens. 

Or was there the meteorite at all? Could some kind of radiation like XRB or GRB (X- or gamma-ray burst) that the spin of electrons will turn opposite in the atmosphere. In that theory, the antimatter was formed spontaneously by the radiation impact deep in the atmosphere. So that would also explain why there is no mark of meteorite left. 

Image IV: Famous image of fallen trees in Tunguska

There are strange stories about that case. One of them was that the object that flew in the air turned its direction. But there is no evidence that the persons who told that story didn't even be there. The person who told that story didn't describe the size of the detonated object. 

The mystery is why there is no impact crater? The meteorite that exploded in the air is the answer. But the thing that caused the worries is that nobody saw anything special before that explosion happened. That means that the object that caused the detonation was quite small. So could the reason for the Tunguska detonation be the antimatter?

Image V: The marks of the explosion are still visible

The mystery of Tunguska is why the meteorite or object that dropped from the space detonated on air? The detonation didn't leave any kind of craters behind it. But the "ground zero" of that impact is still visible. Also, the fallen trees are seen on the ground. And the reason why no trees are growing on ground zero and trees are remaining so well is that the particle that detonated on air caused intense heat.

The pressure wave caused the vacuum in that area. And that thing caused that fire itself to end. Because trees didn't start to burn. That explains why there is no carbonized wood or marks of fire. 

Also, powerful wind denied that the fire had not started to burn in the area near the explosion. The vacuum, along with rising air, pulled radon up from the ground caused a small rising of the radioactivity in that area. 

How antimatter could pass the atmosphere? If the ionized antimatter particles are in the bubble of magnesite meteorite. That thing makes the situation possible that the antimatter can travel deep inside the atmosphere. When the meteorite falls through the atmosphere it will melt, and then the antimatter particles touching the air. The result is an explosion.

There is the possibility that if the extremely thin gold layer is in the bubble of the small asteroid. The cosmic radiation can cause that antimatter is forming inside those asteroids. And even a small-size asteroid can cause large destruction. 

Sometimes is introduced that the Tunguska explosion was the UFO. The thing is that there is no evidence about that thing because the meteorite vaporized in the explosion. So officially, the reason for the Tunguska explosion was the object that came from space and detonated in the atmosphere. 

https://earthsky.org/space/what-is-the-tunguska-explosion/

https://ksc.krasn.ru/en/news/micro_particles_of_the_tunguska_meteorite/

https://www.nature.com/articles/nature.2013.13163

http://scihi.org/leonid-kulik-tunguska-event/

Image I: https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b1/Operation_Castle_-_Yankee.jpg

Image II:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonid_Kulik

Image III:https://osr.org/blog/news/tunguska-asteroid-event-of-1908/

Image IV:https://media.sciencephoto.com/e6/70/00/80/e6700080-800px-wm.jpg

Image V:https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna5686713

Could the Tunguska explosion cause because by human activity? Did someone accidentally make the antimatter bomb?

I hope that I'm wrong. But in some creepy visions, the Tunguska explosion was the result of human activity. There is the possibility to make the antimatter by using lightning. The system would be the capacitor like the Leyden jar that is on the tall mast. 

Then the electricity will conduct to the extremely thin gold layer. The electricity will collect to the  Leyden jar and then sooner or later it will strike to the gold. 

If the power of the electricity is high enough that thing causes that the electrons turn to antimatter. The system can be the lightning collector and the small gold bite. The Leyden jar stores the electricity in electrolytic liquid. Then the antenna must target the gold plate. And the detonation would be impressive. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leyden_jar

https://writingsaboutmysteries.blogspot.com/

Antimatter might have a bigger role in the material than we have thought.

Artistic rendering of quarks in deuterium. Credit: Ran Shneor (Image: I) 

The antimatter is the thing that is the most high-energetic in the world. When an antimatter particle impacts its mirror particle the result is an extremely high energetic annihilation. In an annihilation reaction, those particles turn to energy. Or if we are very accurate when the antimatter hits material it pulls the strings that are forming particles open. And the extremely high energetic radiation would start to travel through the space. 

So why the annihilation releases so much energy? Some people are saying that the energy impulse is releasing when the superstrings are open. Is like the slam of the whip but the size of the actors is smaller. The thing is that when the wave movement that formed the particles is moving ahead with extremely high speed. The head of the string can move faster than the ball-shaped photon. 

The reason for that is. The head of the wave movement is fitting between quantum fields easier than a ball-shaped photon.

The wave movement form of the light is the flat photon. So the speed of a flat photon is higher than the ball-shaped photon until it hits the quantum field and turns to particle form. 

But the thing is that annihilation is possible only between mirror-particles. So the anti-electron or positron would not annihilate with the proton. And one of the most interesting things in the world is that inside the proton are antimatter particles. Those particles are inside the quantum field of the proton. And there is an asymmetry in the antimatter quarks. The thing is that the antimatter quarks are between normal quarks.

But the anti-down quark between the up-quarks should not cause an annihilation reaction. When the proton is destroying or split one of the reasons for that is that the quantum fields around them are turning too big. The gluons cannot keep those mirror particles separated. So the antiquarks will touch each other and then the internal annihilation destroys the proton. The thing that makes quantum annihilation interesting.  

Adjustment of the quark annihilation is more accurate than annihilation between higher particles. That thing means that quark-antiquark annihilation can use the energy supply for nanomachines. Or that reaction can destroy cancer cells from the body. 

https://www.britannica.com/science/annihilation

https://phys.org/news/2021-10-quarks-antiquarks-high-momentum-foundations.html?fbclid=IwAR3t304m-q5xFD0KKqYys9DufSIEBlvt-2K480ij3GY1Mb5bmMuKv-PcEgk

(Image I) https://phys.org/news/2021-10-quarks-antiquarks-high-momentum-foundations.html?fbclid=IwAR3t304m-q5xFD0KKqYys9DufSIEBlvt-2K480ij3GY1Mb5bmMuKv-PcEgk

https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/

The dark matter and the "Big Bang" theory (What was before the Big Bang?)

Kimmo Huosionmaa

The parallel universe theory could be only the academical "joke" without one thing, what astronomers have found. They have discovered the thing, that there is too much matter in the universe and this dark matter, what would not send any kind of radiation makes one thing happen. There is also found the thing, called "dark energy" in the universe, and that means that the dark matter exists. There were actually found also the "dark energy, and this was sometimes explained that at the beginning of the history, just in the time of "Big Bang" was too much energy in the universe.


The "dark energy" is actually the gravitation, what caused by this dark matter, what is actually mostly atomized hydrogen, or there is a theory, that the dark matter is something more exotic. But normally I have thought that this dark matter is hydrogen or some other things like protons, what means ionized hydrogen or electrons. If the dark matter would be electrons, that thing would be noticed as the radio signals, that comes from nowhere. And maybe the "three-kelvin radiation" is part of the dark matter.


But when we are thinking about the source of that matter, what we cannot see straight, but we can see the gravitation of this so-called "dark matter", because of all calculations, what is made for calculating the universe movements are sometimes very inaccurate, what means that something disturbs metering of the objects. And when we are thinking, where that matter is coming from, there is one explanation for that. This is that just after "Big bang" the universe were full of quasars and black holes, what just exploded. In the theory of the "Big Bang", the universe was actually the hypermassive black hole, what was started to send photons.


The origin of that black hole would be in the universe, what was existed before our own universe. This supermassive particle would involve all material, what was in that past universe, And it was in the middle of nowhere in the empty space, and if the supermassive particle  would not get anything in it, would that thing cause that the black hole starts to pull the material away as a "Hawking's radiation", and because the black hole would lose its mass the steaming if the black hole would go faster and faster. And suddenly it would explode.


Somebody like me has sometimes thought that maybe "Big Bang" was caused by the impact of two hypermassive black holes, and another of those particles were antimatter, wah caused the very huge explosion. Sometimes I have seen theories, about the "Big Bang" that this very rough phenomenon, what can actually be caused by the thing, that two interplanetary nebulas were impacted together, and if another one was antimatter cloud, would the released energy level be very huge.


 When we are thinking about that theory, the different electric charges would drive those clouds together, and the annihilation would cause the born of the universe. And because annihilation, what happens when antimatter and matter touch together and the origin of dark matter could be explained that at the beginning of the universe was too much energy, and that caused that there is a matter what was not calculated.

When those clouds of antimatter and matter touched together, the annihilation caused the very big explosion, and in this case, That phenomenon would be known as the "Big Bang"  But there is another theory about the existence of the dark matter. That is that there is another universe in somewhere, and the wormhole or singularity would transfer material between another universe and our universe. This theory is very often passed in the TV-programs, but if some matter comes from another universe, would it increase the mass in our universe.

Sources:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annihilation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy


https://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/

Thoughts about parallel universe theory

Veil nebula
(Picture by NASA)

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/thoughts-about-parallel-universe-theory.html

Kimmo Huosionmaa

Parallel universe is the term, that means that there could be other universes, what are locating in other dimensions. And those universes exist in the same time. There have been articles in some newspapers, that in another universe might have copies of our own planet and those particles might be connected together with very small singulars, what are smaller than quarks.


The name what has been given to those singulars are ”super fibers”, and they are the fascinating thing, what cosmology has ever created. But when we are thinking the possibility, that there would be copy of the planet Earth in some other universe, we must realize that those copies are not exactly similar with together. The ”Earth in other universe” might be smaller than our own planet, and that place might be very cold place, where would be extreme low temperature on it's atmosphere. And there might be very different animals and other organisms that we have in this universe. There is one very big question in this speculation. Is there another ”me” in the other Universum? And would that species or person be the anti-personality when we would compile that thing with us?


I have once thought that if there would be the copy of me in some other universe, and in this time I have thought that if that person would be antimatter, could this danger entire universe. In the ”Parallel universe theory” there is a possibility that those other universes compose of antimatter, and in those other universes, our own material would be in the same role as the antimatter is in our own universe. In this theory, the black holes would open routes between universes. And if some black hole would open enough big and long-term singular route between universes, would that carry the enormous mass of antimatter to our universe. The problem with antimatter is that it would have so high level of energy, that there is needed only metric gram of that material to destroy the Earth. But what if there would open so large singularity between two universes that entire solar system could travel thru it.


That kind of masses of antimatter could cause the massive explosion in the universe, and that might cause at least the destruction on entire galaxy. If some creature would come from another dimension would we meet this hypothetical creature in empty space, because if that creature would compose the antimatter would we and that astronaut destroyed in huge explosion.


There is possibility that in some other galaxy group would be situation that antimatter would be dominating particle in the universe. This causes hypothetical risk for humans and our home planet. if we would want to destroy that asteroid, we must just throw it with piece of matter, what would be destroy it immediately. And in this hypothesis out twin creature might be antimatter, and if we would meet in empty space and touch together, would the result be huge explosion. If we would land to this creature's home planet, would that mean that we would be destroy that planet in the reaction, what is known as annihilation.


And in that reaction entire mass would transform as energy. The problem of antimatter is that is similar than our own material, but in the antimatter the electrons have positive and protons have negative electric capacity. But the chemical qualities are similar with so-called ”normal material”. That means that some asteroids can be compose as the antimatter. And that would cause dangers, because if antimatter asteroid hits any planet in our solar system could that be end of our planet, because that explosion could push all planets from the trajectories, and that would be devastating. This kind of things are fascinating to think.

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/thoughts-about-parallel-universe-theory.html

Chinese scientists are creating the 10 petawatt laser-system

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/chinese-scientists-are-creating-10.html

http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/chinese-scientists-are-creating-10.html

Saturnian Mimas moon have been inspired the Death Star for Star Wars movies

Mimas
(Source: NASA)

Some people have a great imagination, and George Lucas or who created a Death Star, a famous part of movie Star Wars, used Saturnian icy moon Mimas as a model of that battle station. But did you know that from that model is created a model of the real model of the space station, what might be done sometime in a distant future? In that model, a space station or spacecraft will be empty ball called "Dyson's sphere".  The ball itself would be made a plastic called mylar.  In this scenario, that mylar space station will be sent to space with rocket and if will fill with gas. In the wildest dreams, those ball-shaped space stations might have even full-scale cities inside them. 

Death Star
(Source NASA)

After that inside of that ball will cover by the net, where builders can inject concrete, where all of those buildings will be made. The idea itself is very old and it worked in 1960's in ECHO-satellites. Those satellites balloons which bigger one's diameter was 32 meters. That giant balloon sent to space and blew full size after it left from the atmosphere. That satellite opened secrets of the Soviet union communication in early 1960's. 

Echo Satellite

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Project_Echo

The size of that ball was very large if that compiles with Apollo spacecraft. Some of the architects think that kind of ball can be used as a space station. In the inner core of the balloon will build normal houses, where the crew can live like people lives in the Earth. But the outer core of balloon will cover with ice because it's very easy to replace if meteors will harm it. And against cosmical radiation would be used thin gold coating what absorbed cosmic radiation.  That kind of space stations was in some NASA:s members minds in 1960's. 

That kind of space station would be easy to build and sent to space with rockets. Airlocks can be installed to that ball quite easily. In theory of course. And after that NASA would have ball shape space station for their missions.  When that ball rolls around that makes artificial gravity with centrifugal force, and that allows personnel of that station live almost normal life at the space. 

But when we return back to Death Star, we might imagine what kind of space weapon can destroy the even entire planet. The weapon what that space station might use will be ion cannon, what uses antimatter. Antimatter-ions will shoot in the central point of the planet, and the magnetic field will stop them in there. Antimatter-ions will pass material like normal ions without any reactions. But when magnetic field stops them inside planets central point, they will explode nucleus of the planet, and shockwaves what comes up from lithosphere will destroy the entire planet. 

https://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/