New studies are uncovering the form of PTSD.

PTSD (Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder) is one of the most interesting things in psychology. PTSD  forms from traumatic stress, like when people face ultimate violence. PTSD is connected with war. And that means the case, where people do not remember anything about the combat situations. 

But also, accidents and other types of violence like street violence can cause PTSD. PTSD is the result of ultimate shock. And the thing that uncovers PTSD are flashbacks and sometimes phobias. PTSD is linked with all kinds of violence. Verbal violence like threatening children with rejection can cause PTSD. 

There is the possibility that if the person is a child and faces stressful situations like almost being hit by a car that child doesn't dare to tell about that thing at home. Especially if that child is at that place without permission. 

Same way, if the child is the eyewitness of a violent situation, that thing causes traumatic stress. Even the threat can cause the situation. That person doesn't dare to climb on roofs. And sometimes things like threats in some summer jobs are uncovered because a person is afraid to do that kind of work. 

When the person will go to a similar- or same-looking environment where a traumatic situation happened. That thing causes flashbacks. And some "ghost experiences" are flashbacks caused by PTSD. If the person faces a situation at a very young age where the car almost hit that person a similar place can cause a flashback. And the person sees a similar car coming towards them. 

Stressful situations like sexual-, or some other kinds of harassment in cellars can cause the situation. That person will not dare to go cellar even in when that person is an adult. Researchers are investigating PTSD because it uncovers hidden violence. 

https://scitechdaily.com/paving-the-way-for-new-ptsd-treatments-scientists-reveal-how-the-brain-stores-remote-fear-memories/

https://shorttextsofoldscholars.blogspot.com/

Where do we need scholars?

Mysteries are fascinating things. And without mysteries are no scholars, and sometimes some people tell a joke that scholars are behind some mysteries because we want to keep our jobs.

Jokes are a good argument for crushing researchers. Press introduced  Charles Darwin as a monkey when he introduced the evolution theory. That thing was very nice because a couple of hundred years earlier that man would burn on the bonfire. 

The best receipt is that tell people that all mysteries are urban legends, and then after that, some jokes about the researcher's mental health make an impression. 

If we follow that track, we face the argument:  humans invented all things, that we can. And we don't need anything new. And everything that we can find is found. So that's why we don't need any new things. We can solve all things by taking assault rifles in our hands and that's it. If there is some Big Foot in the forest we can shoot it. And there is no BigFoot anymore. But does that remove the mystery? 

Maybe that thing is right. Or maybe, it's wrong. But when we are looking at a mystery, we must research one thing. We must find out what makes those things mysterious. 

If we read some books. That tells about mysteries. We must try, to find out why the writer selected just those certain cases for that book. What category did that writer use? And what is the writer's or document maker's attitude about those things that the person introduces to people? 

Does the writer or filmmaker leave space for the audience? That they can make their conclusions? And does the storyteller offer them a chance to discuss and talk about their opinions? Or is the story's purpose just to curve the opponent's opinion for some mold that the document maker wants them to get? 

When we think of the sad series of researchers that says "certainly that is impossible", we must realize one thing. When people make some conclusions, they must use information. That they have at that precise moment. 

The observation tools are advancing, and some things are changing. So we must avoid too strong opinions because if we take some attitude and defend it very strongly we are in a psychological trap. 

That trap is that someday we all face the situation that we are wrong. And at that moment, we must say that we are wrong. We know that we should know something. But even if something remains theory let's say about 100 years the new observation tool can prove that theory right or wrong. 

When somebody selects a certain path or road and publically tells that thing. There is somehow very difficult to select a new path. Because that requires that our person must confess being wrong. And that is very hard if a person is afraid to lose authority.

Sometimes people misunderstand the difference between leadership and scholarship. They think that scholarship and leadership are the same things.  Scholars observe some phenomenon or object and try to make a puzzle and find out what that thing makes and how the parts of the entirety interact. Leaders can use that information, or they can leave that information outside decision-making. That's their business. 

https://shorttextsofoldscholars.blogspot.com/

Researchers made two entangled light beams. And that is a breakthrough in long-term and long-distance quantum communication.

 

"Researchers using an optical parametric oscillator light source succeeded in producing two entangled light beams. (Artist’s concept.)" (ScitechDaily.com/ Quantum Breakthrough: Light Source Produces Two Entangled Light Beams)

One of the reasons why quantum computers are under development is that they are hard to jam. Regular binary computers use the binary system. The binary system's model is the 2D data structure. Data, that is stored in mass memory. Forms of data allocation units. Those data allocation units can be bits or bytes etc...  (Bit or Byte is the size of the data allocation unit)

The problem with 2D data structure is this.  If two programs or event handlers (or data handlers)  try to touch the same unit this thing causes that system will jam. The event handlers cannot copy information from the same point to two different places. The problem is that in 2D data structure is that the data allocation units cannot go over each other. 

In quantum systems, data allocation units can go over one another. A qubit-form data allocation unit forms a 3D structure like a tower. So if two event handlers need to use the same data allocation unit. At the same time, they can touch the qubit from the data allocation unit in different places. In quantum systems, the qubit's layers or states' order is not as important as it's in 2D systems. If each state involves information that was its place in the qubit. The system knows how to remake the qubit. 

If we want to send information by using quantum networks we have one small problem. We must confirm the message that the receiver gets involving the same information, that the sender packed in the message. If something misses the sender must send the information again. The best way is to send the same message by using two routes. In that version, the system compares the information, that travels in both lines. 

The system can reduce the number of data units between those lines. And if the checksum is zero, that means data that travels in those data lines is identical. That thing requires the ability to make two identical superpositioned and entangled light or some other electromagnetic beams. If we think that we want to send information from point A to point B. And use this kind of technology. 

We must be sure that information doesn't travel through the same disturbance. If information travels through the same disturbance that can cause an identical error in the information package. So the system must send information back to the sender. And that verifies if the involvement of the information package is not changed. 

When researchers create more advanced and effective security methods. Those works have two purposes. 

1) Secure involvement of information package against eavesdroppers. 

2) Secure involvement of the information package against changes. 

The second purpose of security means. The information that the receiver gets identifies what the sender sends. So protecting the involvement of the information package is the prime purpose of security. 

Security is needed in long- and short-distance communication. The system must protect data when it travels in the system or between systems. The vulnerability can be fatal in the microchip's internal communication and communication between two systems. 

If the speed of systems is extremely high even short-term artifact effects cause very bad damage to the data packages. In mathematical calculations, even a small error causes wrong results. And in mathematics is only right and wrong answers. 

https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-breakthrough-light-source-produces-two-entangled-light-beams/

https://shorttextsofoldscholars.blogspot.com/

Researchers extend the lifetime of the qubit.

 

Image 1: Molecular qubit

Researchers extended the lifetime of the molecular qubits. Many things are making molecular qubits interesting tools in quantum computing. 

Researchers can create molecular qubits by putting some atoms (like krypton, helium, gold, etc.) in the fullerene molecule. Then they are driving information to that atom.

Then that atom sends the information to the fullerene core. And after that, the fullerene core will transmit the data to the multiple receiving sensors. If that system uses a C60 molecule. That allows the creation of a qubit that has 60 channels. 

Image 2: C60 Fullerene

Also, receivers have numbers. The system uses numbered data segments. So the data line will delete all other segments than the segment whose number matches the number of the data line. So when data arrives at line 5 the receiver destroys all other data segments than segment number 5. And that allows putting the data row into pieces. Then the system turns the data row into a line. 

The thing that makes qubit so important is that it is required in the process. That transforms the data row into the data line. Diagram 1. There is a possibility to create qubits with four states by using electric wires when the temperature is as low as possible. But the molecule-based qubits are more useful in biological microprocessors. 

Diagram 1: Qubit's principle. 

A =Data row 1

B= The level that transforms data from row to linear form. 

C= Datarow 2. Where the system returns linear data in a row. 

The biological qubits can also transfer data to neurons or microprocessors. Genetic engineering allows researchers can create bacteria or viruses that can operate as a qubit. 

Researchers are the first time manipulated data inside the DNA. And that allows the creation of artificial bacteria which can transfer information to neurons or microprocessors. The idea is that the DNA transfer will make bacteria able to send electric impulses. Then the data that is stored in the DNA will transfer to the receivers which can be axons of living neurons. Or they can be microprocessors. 

Image 3: AIDS-virus

Or the virus itself turns into a molecular qubit. If we are looking at the AIDS virus nothing denies that it could work as a qubit. The system requires a genome where data is loaded. Then the qubit virus will send electric signals to receivers that can be the living neuron. Or they can be microprocessors. 

Human brain neurotransmitters are molecular qubits. And molecular qubits can use for transmitting data between living neurons and non-organic microprocessors. There is a possibility that some viruses can transform into molecular qubits. DNA could be excellent data storage. And the outer core of the virus can send electric impulses to the receivers. 

The problem is how to make the internal data of the DNA transform electric signals. The answer can be simple. The retrovirus will infect the bacteria. And then that transforms the cell into a memory neuron. Or the DNA can turn the bacteria to be able to give electric shocks. Then the DNA would transfer its data by using those electric shocks as the transmitter. 

https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-breakthrough-scientists-extend-qubit-lifetimes/

https://scitechdaily.com/scientists-have-found-a-way-to-manipulate-digital-data-stored-in-dna/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fullerene

Image: 

Image 1: https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-breakthrough-scientists-extend-qubit-lifetimes/

Image 2: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fullerene

Image 3: https://medizin.plus/krankheiten/hiv

https://designandinnovationtales.blogspot.com/

Researchers can decode thoughts from a distance.

New research has confirmed that the internal language of the brain is universal. And researchers can decode thoughts without even touching the person. Maybe that thing makes it possible to project other people's thoughts and memories onto the computer screen. The system that is based on MRI (Magnetic Resonance Image) can be put in the drones. 

And then the drones equipped with nano-size MRI sensors can fly around the head of the targeted person. And they can send the information to computers by using the internet. These kinds of systems allow the creation of a new type of BCI (Brain-Computer Interfaces). And there is no need for special sensors or special equipment like surgically installed microchips. 

 Those new sensors don't need any special skills to make them operational.  

The new BCI interface is easy to use. Wearing that system is like wearing a hat on the head. 

The BCI systems can use regular internet for remote controlling the human-looking robots. And human-looking robots can do the same thing as real humans. 

The system can send the carrier wave through a person's brain, and then the sensor on another side will receive the EEG. Or the system's user wears only a bandanna where those sensors are. And then the system must just understand the things that those people think. The idea is that the new type of BCI system is easy to wear like the hat. And the same way is easy to remove. The new jetfighters planned to have BCI-based interfaces. There is also the possibility that pilots can fly an entire plane by using brain waves. 

So the idea is that pilot can just sit on the chair and then control the systems by using sensors that are in the helmet. Or the pilot who sits on the ground can control the human-looking robot that sits in the cockpit. Because that kind of system are interacting straight with the brain. For the user, there is no difference between reality and virtual reality. And that thing can use to create so-called false memories. If the system can install on the aircraft's dashboard, it can send the carrier wave through the pilot's head to the seat where the receivers are. 

And operators can also control things like human-looking robots by using the BCI. The BCI is one of the most radical operating systems in the world. And if that system where human controls computers by using their brain waves turns into reality, it can revolutionize robotics. The new quantum sensors are far more accurate than old-fashion radiotelescopes. And that thing makes it possible to create systems that can read EEG from a long distance. 

https://www.bbc.com/news/business-62289737

https://www.englishforums.com/news/controlling-machines-using-mind/

https://www.sciencealert.com/new-technique-for-decoding-peoples-thoughts-can-now-be-done-from-a-distance

https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-72254-8_20

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain%E2%80%93computer_interface

Image: https://www.sciencealert.com/new-technique-for-decoding-peoples-thoughts-can-now-be-done-from-a-distance

https://designandinnovationtales.blogspot.com/

The vibrating atoms are the new type of qubits.

Image 1) "MIT researchers have found a way to store quantum information in the vibrational motion of atom pairs, similar to the swinging motion of two pendula, connected by a spring. The quantum register contains hundreds of pairs of vibrating qubits that researchers can coherently control for over ten seconds. Credit: Sampson Wilcox/RLE" (ScitechDaily/MIT Physicists Have Discovered New Qubits for Quantum Computers Using Vibrating Atoms)

The time that the quantum computer can keep the superposition is the primary element in its speed. When the superposition is lost the system must re-adjust. That means the superposition must remake. The superposition of the vibrating atoms stays about ten seconds. And that thing is fundamental for quantum computing. Image 2 is the material that I mentioned in the past text. A laser ray that is pointed to the line of specific atoms can create atomic vibration. 

Image 2) (Phys.Org/Scientists weave atomically thin wires into ribbons)

Do you know, why there are used so uncommon material in quantum annealing systems? The thing is that the annealing system means that certain atoms are stressed by electromagnetic radiation. That makes them send radiation in their specific frequency. 

And if those atoms are not very common. That makes it easier to separate their annealing. From the "white noise". And that makes the system more accurate. But rare elements that can give unique wavelengths of radiation are expensive. 

Image 3) Atom superposition demonstration." MIT physicists find that pairs of atoms can hold a superposition of two vibrational states. Like two swinging pendula, the atoms can move in sync, and against each other, at the same time, making them robust qubits for quantum computing. Credit: Courtesy of the researchers." (ScitechDaily/MIT Physicists Have Discovered New Qubits for Quantum Computers Using Vibrating Atoms)

The vibrating atoms are making it possible to make flat and powerful quantum processing units. And that is a road to make quantum computers more common than they are today. Quantum computers are revolutionary machines that have abilities that are never even thought of. They can use to drive complicated AI solutions that are making analyzing the DNA easier. 

The fact is that quantum computers are turning more common. More people can use them. And that increases the power of those systems. 

More users bring more money. The investments bring more scientists for working in those quantum computer projects. And the thing is that the newest quantum computers are created by using the simulations driven on the quantum systems. 

And they are useful to make simulations of everything from cosmic formations to the actions of enzymes. Those systems can control drone swarms. And they can create new types of medicines. Also controlling nanomachines inside the human body is not more difficult than controlling drone swarms in nature. 

The fact is that quantum computers would not make cryptology useless. The thing is that the governments would just turn to use quantum computers for code making. And another thing is that code-breakers will also turn to quantum age. And they will start to use quantum computers to hack the codes that are made by using quantum computers. 

https://scitechdaily.com/mit-physicists-have-discovered-new-qubits-for-quantum-computers-using-vibrating-atoms/

Image 1) https://scitechdaily.com/mit-physicists-have-discovered-new-qubits-for-quantum-computers-using-vibrating-atoms/

Image 2) https://phys.org/news/2022-01-scientists-atomically-thin-wires-ribbons.html

https://thoughtsaboutsuperpositions.blogspot.com/