Can the dark energy be the reflection from the edge of the material ball called the universe?

The source of dark energy is unknown. There is the possibility that dark energy is reflection radiation that comes from the edge of the material that forms the universe. In this text, the material that is forming the universe is called the universe. And the space where that material is is the space. So the universe is a giant plasma ball where are galaxies and stars.

There is the possibility that dark energy is the reflected radiation that comes from the most out layer of that system. When that energy impacts that plasma it travels between those plasma particles. And then it starts to flow back into the universe. That thing makes the energy level of the universe higher than it should be. 

When did that reflection happen? And, does it happen all the time is a mystery. But the idea is that the dark energy reflects from something and that forms a similar effect to the mirror box that surrounds the candle. That thing reflects the energy inside the universe. And the reason why there is too much energy in our universe is that it reflects. In some other explanations, other universes are the source of that energy. 

There is no edge of space, where the universe is. But there is the most out edge of the material. When the Big Bang send a shockwave across space there was a total vacuum. Nothing limited the speed of that shockwave. Except for one thing gravitation. The gravitation slows the speed of that first shockwave. And then the incoming radiation reached that shockwave. Behind that shockwave, the superstrings followed it.

And then the incoming electromagnetic radiation reached that bubble. The form of that bubble could be electromagnetic wave motion or a giant group of superstrings or some kind of plate of quarks and gluons. That bubble sends wave motion also to the inside of the universe. That wave motion united in the focus of the center of the universe.

 So if the point where the Big Bang happened was some kind of black hole. That thing causes the increase of the energy level in the middle of that black hole. And there is the possibility that the black hole detonated. If there is radiation that travels to the most out plasma of the universe. That thing causes the reflection where all radiation impacts the same point in the middle of the universe. 

Why do some researchers believe that a black hole is in the middle of the universe?  The reason for that is that all galaxies in the universe seem to travel in the same direction. That thing is called cosmic fluid. But confirmation of the existence of that hypothetical black hole requires that researchers can detect the gamma-ray pillars of that object. And that thing is not seen yet. 

So if the hypothesis of the giant black hole or mass center in the middle of the universe is true that thing causes energy flow to the plasma. That should surround the most distant galaxies. And then energy flows across the entire plasma ball. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_energy

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_fluid

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_flow

Image: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_flow

Dark energy rips the universe into pieces.

Multiverse: again.

The multiverse can explain why there is too much energy in our universe. That energy rips the universe into pieces. Is multiverse theory or religion? The fact is that multiverse is rather a philosophical dilemma or tool than real scientific theory. It's a tool used to model, why there is so difficult to exchange information between two dominating extremely complex quantum systems. 

When we think of the universe as a complex quantum system, we should say that universe is the complicated sum of multiple internally positioned extremely complicated quantum systems. And most of that system is invisible to us.

There is the possibility that there is another universe inside our universe. In some theories, dark matter can form glimpses and even planets. But there is one problem with that theory. 

We have no confirmed contacts or observations about the dark matter. It's the possibility that in Muon G-2 tests the anomaly in the muon's trajectory caused an impact with an unknown particle. 

So could dark matter be those "unknown particles"? Nobody knows that. We have only the gravitational effect that we call dark matter. 

Dark matter and dark energy are the missing parts. And that means we can see only a small part of that system. Only less than five percent of the universe is formed of atoms. 

The expansion of the universe cause also problems for the calculations. Cosmic inflation means that the distance between particles is increasing. And that thing increases the effect of dark energy. The source of dark energy is unknown. 

Sometimes that energy is introduced being gravitational effect or scattering gravitational waves. But could gravitational waves scatter or reflect? When gravitational waves are crossing each other. That can cause they can break into pieces and reflect other gravitational waves. 

We don't know gravitational reflection. But theoretically, it's possible. Gravitation is wave motion like all other wave motions. And that means it should reflect like light. But there is no evidence about reflecting gravitational waves. The reflection of gravitational waves makes it possible to create anti-gravitation. 

And theoretically, it is possible to create a form called gravitational stealth. In gravitational stealth, the gravitational waves slide over the surface without affecting it. 

Relations of material and energy in the young universe and modern universe. "Estimated division of total energy in the universe into the matter, dark matter, and dark energy based on five years of WMAP data". (Wikipedia: Dark energy.) Image: Wikipedia: Dark energy.

In stealth planes in which stealth technology bases the soft curves radio waves slide across the surface without causing a reflection. So in those planes, the radiowaves are traveling over the target that denies the radar echo. And maybe that thing is possible to create also for gravitational waves. 

There are theories that dark energy is formed in particles. That existed just after the Big Bang. But if dark energy is radiation or wave motion that travels with the speed of light. That means that it should travel at the front of our universe. So could dark energy be the cloud of gravitons that are traveling at the front of our known universe? In that model, the Big Bang released a large number of gravitons before the quark-gluon plasma formed. 

There is the possibility that dark energy is the cross-pulling gravitational effect that the source is outside the universe. But proving that thing is at least challenging. Our universe is the remnant of a high-energy event called the Big Bang. Even if other universes: remnants of other Big Bangs exist there is the possibility that we ever see them. 

There is the possibility that around the universe where we are living is a standing gravitational wave that denies the gravitation of other universes reaching our universe. And because our universe is dominating the radiation that comes from objects in our universe covers the other universes. So that means we cannot see those universes. We cannot prove their existence. 

The new materials are pathfinders in photonic circuits and stealth technology.

The new graphene-based material reflects light backward. And it is a big step for the next-generation photonic circuits. But the new nano-materials are also possible to use in the next-generation stealth technology. There is introduced an idea to conduct the radar impulses to the accumulator. That means that the radiation's reflection is denied by conducting that radiation to energy storage. 

The thing is that if the energy and wave movement travels only to the object without reflection. There is no way to see that object. But the problem is that the system must sometimes remove the extra energy by conducting it to the ground. 

And there are suspicions. That some UFO:s that are hovering above the water is removing their energy storage. In that case, those aviation systems use technology that absorbs all radiation in the craft. So when the energy level rises too high the craft must remove extra energy to somewhere. 

Graphene-based materials have an abnormally strong absorption ability. The problem is that if the object would not reflect. It will turn very hot if it cannot remove that heat somewhere. The new graphene based-material allows conducting the light to the point where the researchers want. And that ability is useful in photon circuits. But it can also turn the aircraft or ship into shadow. The light can conduct to a laser that sends it in the wanted direction. 

Image 2)

And the problem with this type of material is that they must remove their energy somewhere. The overload of energy causes the problem. The answer to that problem could be to load the extra energy to capacitors or the energy can conduct to air by using saltwater where the extra energy is loaded. 

And that thing can make it possible to make the objects that are not giving a reflection at all. There is the possibility that the graphene-based materials are conducting light and all other electromagnetic wave movements to the middle of the object like aircraft. And then that light and wave movement can conduct in the wanted direction by using laser technology. 

One version of how to deny reflection is simple. The system must just make the object that has as low an energy level as possible. That thing makes it possible that the energy travels only to the object. And that makes the object invisible for radar, infrared, and even for the human eye.

https://phys.org/news/2022-02-abnormally-strong-absorption-graphene.html

https://scitechdaily.com/nano-architected-material-refracts-light-backward-an-important-step-toward-photonic-circuits/

Image 2) https://scitechdaily.com/nano-architected-material-refracts-light-backward-an-important-step-toward-photonic-circuits/

https://interestandinnovation.blogspot.com/

A couple of words about reflection. And neutron radiation.

When electromagnetic radiation hits a particle that particle sends it back. The thing is visible in neutron bombs. When the small (c. 0,5kt) thermonuclear weapon detonates. It sends neutron radiation. The radiation pushes the quantum field of the neutrons inside. If the neutron radiation is strong enough it will cause the reflection from the receiving neutrons to push particles away and destroy the atom's nucleus. 

Another version is that the nucleus of the atom sends radiation reflection and that reflection pushes electrons away from the core of the atom. That turns an atom into an ion. The force of reflection depends on how powerful the energy stress is. 

The gluons are acting like small springs. And after the radiation stress. Those small springs kick the quantum field of the neutron outside. That thing causes the quantum-size electromagnetic pressure wave. And that electromagnetic pressure wave is called "neutron radiation". 

The fact is that all other particles are sending similar radiation if they face radiation stress. When we are thinking that we will give radiation stress to elementary particles like fermions the reflection would be weaker. There is no known inner structure in those particles. 

When we are thinking about the quantum field. That is pushed inside. When energy stress ends quantum field travel outside the particle. The speed of that quantum field determines how strong reflection is. So if the neutrons are stressed with radiation. 

That radiation stress must remove slowly. That thing decreases the speed of push of the quantum field. If the speed of returning of the quantum fields is high the level of the radiation impact is also high. Another thing that determines how strong the observation of reflection is is the size of the particle that sends the reflecting wave movement. 

If some quark is sending wave movement its wavelength is similar to the dimension of quark. The problem is that wave movement cannot reach quarks that are inside the quantum fields called protons and neutrons. Before the radiation will reach the atom's nucleus it must go through electron cores. 

So the radiation that comes out from quarks is not causing resonance in the quarks that are inside electron cores and their quantum fields. If that radiation would affect quarks that are inside the protons and neutrons that cause the case where the radiation of the quarks will push them away from each other. That effect erases the protons and neutrons immediately. The same way the oscillation causes vaporization of the water. 

So how to make a quantum eraser? The system could be the line of the quarks that are sending radiation that causes oscillation in the quarks. And that oscillation erases material. 

Reflection is the thing that makes material observable. If there is no reflection material is invisible. One of the reasons why the reflection of the quarks is hard to see is if the wavelength of radiation is too long the quantum field of quarks is pushing that radiation away. Or quark will just flow above wave movement. That means there is no interaction between quark and radiation which source is in larger size objects. 

In the case of reflection and radiation, most of the radiation would come from the electron cores of atoms. Neutron radiation is different than regular radiation because its source is in neutrons. The thing is that also other atomic and subatomic particles are sending similar radiation under the radiation stress. If the proton cloud or electron clouds impact electromagnetic radiation. They are sending similar electromagnetic wave movements with a neutron. For creating this kind of radiation those particles must separate from atoms. 

https://thoughtsaboutsuperpositions.blogspot.com/

Could a hypothetical quark star be invisible?

There is the possibility that there are so-called "stealth stars" in the universe

The hypothetical quark star is one of the "should be" objects. But there is no single observation of that type of star. Theoretically, quark stars are the medium between neutron stars and black holes. But why we cannot see that thing? 

Could the reflection that comes from free quarks have a wavelength that we cannot observe? The free quarks will send the radiation that has so short wavelength that we cannot observe that radiation because we have no object that resonates with that thing.

What if radiation comes straight from the surface of quarks? Normally the radiation comes from the quantum fields of atoms or protons and neutrons. But if there are free quarks somewhere in the universe, those quarks would send radiation that has so short wavelength that we cannot see that thing. So does that thing explain, why we have no observations about the hypothetical quark stars? Are those objects sending wavelength that is invisible to us?

Could dark energy mean the radiation that comes straight from the surface of quarks? If naked quarks are sending the radiation. That radiation has a wavelength that is shorter than any other radiation. Normally quarks are in the protons and neutrons. And those objects are sending radiation from their quantum fields. 

But there is the case where the quarks might be free. That case is the quark star. There is the possibility that the quark stars are invisible to us because in those cases the quarks are sending radiation in the wavelength that is the size of quarks. 

The thing that might cause the forming of a stealth star is the case, where the reflection is coming back in the form of a wavelength that is impossible to see. So maybe so-called quark stars have small bubbles of quarks on their surface that make them invisible to the eye.

In that case, the reflection happens with a wavelength that is coming from the frequency of quarks. When radiation hits the quarks they are sending echo as the wavelength that is the same. As the size of those subatomic particles. In normal cases, quarks are in the protons and neutrons. And we can see things like neutron stars. 

The reflection from the neutron stars is coming as the wavelength that is the same as the size of neutrons. But in quark star the quarks are naked. They are without the quantum field and give the reflection as the pure quarks. In a neutron star, the radiation reflection comes from quantum fields that surround neutrons. So if naked quarks are giving reflection or sending radiation that means the wavelength of that radiation would be far shorter than radiation that comes from neutrons. 

The question of planet 9 is causing an interesting theorem. Could that mysterious object that causes the strange gravitational effect to the trajectory of planet Neptune be the fermion or rather saying quark star. 

There is the possibility that the quark stars are invisible because the quarks are sending radiation reflection in a wavelength that is impossible to notice. There is the possibility that quark stars are not smooth. In some theories, the quarks are making the small hills or small bubbles in the surface of the quark stars. And that thing means that the reflection from that surface is coming from an extremely short wavelength. 

There is the possibility that there are so-called "stealth stars" in the universe. In some ideas, extremely heavy objects can surround by the whirl of electrons. Which are pushing photons away from the surface. In some other visions, the halo that is caused by reflecting radiation around quark stars can eliminate the reflection. In that case, the star reflects 100% of radiation in the same direction where that incoming wave movement is coming. 

And in this case, the counter radiation of the object will delete the incoming radiation. So in this idea, the object acts like an active jammer system that denies the echo of the radiation. When the incoming and reflecting radiation with the same wavelengths hit together they are neutralizing each other. 

https://physicsworld.com/a/calculations-point-to-massive-quark-stars/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark_star

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strange_star

Image:https://physicsworld.com/a/calculations-point-to-massive-quark-stars/