War games in military research and development.

 

Above: South African G-6 Howizer

Why the multinational environment is the best thing for military exercises? Military exercises or war games are military simulations that purpose is to serve armies' R&D process. The R&D in a military environment means simulation. Whose purpose is to find own weaknesses and strengths. 

Why are nations arranging things like military exercises? The reason for those exercises is to research and develop tactics and strategies. So when military forces are given something, they also get something new. And that thing is the purpose of those war simulations. 

The worst error of commanders is overestimating their forces. And the second error is overestimating men and weapons. That thing causes horrible losses. 

Many people trust old-fashion military equipment. And the results of that kind of thing are seen in Ukraine. Maybe traditional weapons seem effective, but we see what happens to users of old-time weapons and tactics. 

The war games are simulations. Their mission is to give information about the new equipment and create a new types of tactics. That is suitable in modern battlefields. 

When we are thinking situation where Russia faces about 90000 men losses in some areas, we might ask, can Finland or Sweden carry that kind of loss? Big armies can somehow stand these kinds of losses. But small armies are in trouble with those kinds of things. 

The purpose of military exercises is to minimize losses. Their mission is to make the defense more effective and find errors in their strategies, equipment, and military environment. Those exercises also give information that is each participant's strengths. 

Knowing strengths is important. But knowing own weaknesses is the same way important. And what they should develop. And that information is used for the analysis of what went well and what should do better. The thing is knowing yourself and knowing your enemies. 

When we are thinking about NATO it offers the place and forum to develop and research the tactics and strategies. Sometimes the price of that organization is asked. And the argument against it is the high price. 

But in the same way, independent defense causes costs. If we want to buy effective weapons they require satellite targeting. And that requires support from the owners of those satellites. Or otherwise, we can make a similar defense with Russians. Maybe we can make and store five million grenades. But we have seen the fate of those systems in Ukraine. 

The costs of the military are an interesting thing. There are many ways to make budgets. One is to make a small base budget. And then there is the possibility to make extra budgets. That thing seems nice. But in real life. That is self-deception. We must realize that in peacetime military forces are always causing costs. But effective weapons are expensive. 

When there is a need to use those weapons they must exist. Success in combat areas requires the full function of all systems. And also military crew must know how to use them. If users of those systems don't know how to use them. Those systems are ineffective. 

And if the commanders don't know the capacity of their troops that thing can cause terrible losses. That thing is visible in Ukraine. But if either commanders or their henchmen don't know their mission or equipment. Or they overestimate their troops and equipment, which causes a catastrophe on the battlefield. 

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The tactics of nuclear weapons

B-2 "Spirit"
(Picture I)

Kimmo Huosionmaa

There are two possible tactics or routes when the nuclear weapons are developed. Another tactic is to create high-yield missiles, what would attack against targets, what are in the enemy area. If the state chooses this route, it would have very good strike capacity, but the problem with those missiles is, that they could not return to the ground. And when the strike has begun, the missiles would not call back. But this is the past. Today missiles can shoot to the low trajectory, and if the strike would be unnecessary, those rockets can be returned to earth.  Here I must say, that also slid fuel rockets can be used many times, and only thing, what need to do, is to change the fuel cassette inside the rocket stage.


The rocket can shoot to orbiter from silo or mobile station like submarines, and when it should return to Earth, the warhead could return like Apollo capsule in the military base, and then it can be loaded to another rocket. Or they can be the load to miniature space shuttle like X-37B, and then this system can return those warheads in any runway in the world. Those miniature shuttles can also use as the hypersonic cruise missiles, but they have also scientific purposes. Modern cruise missiles can also be released from aircraft and they can refuel in the air.

They might seem like X-47B, what is equipped with nuclear or bunker-busting conventional warhead. Those missiles could also return to their base, and land like airplanes to carriers or fixed bases. They can also shoot with rockets, and when the mission is over, other parts of the rockets, like used stages of can be landed in the sea by using parachutes and the NAVY can pick them up. If the fuel would be in the separate tube, those stages could reload immediately.  There is one thing, what makes nuclear missiles more addictive for the eastern block than the nuclear bomber or submarine. That is the missiles can be kept in surveillance of security forces all the time, and that grows the political trusting in those weapons.


The tactics with those Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles is that they would be used to terminate enemy troops in long distance at the enemy territory. And this is why those missiles have high-yield nuclear warheads. The targets of those missiles are airfields and missile silos and command bunkers, and that's why those warheads are planned to destroy large area targets, and deep dug targets. That is the problem with fixed base systems, the location of those structures is well known, and that's why there is created mobile systems, what are easy to drive out of the nuclear base.


Some of those systems are meant to destroy rebellious nuclear bases in the situation, where nuclear troops are going to take control in the country. The mobile missile-systems what are mounted in trucks and warships are the reason to create nuclear bombers, what mission is to search and destroy those mobile systems. Those bombers mission is to penetrate deep inside enemy airspace and search those missiles. They are actually offensive weapons, what uses multipurpose nuclear and conventional weapons, what mission is to destroy nuclear missiles in the silos, and mobile systems like trucks and submarines. The problem with this kind of weapon systems is that they are heading to targets, what have defended with heavy anti-aircraft systems and fighter shield.


That's why those bombers need STEALTH-technology. The destroying missile-silos can be made with conventional laser- or GPS-guided bunker-busting weapon, but the target can also be destroyed by the similar nuclear bomb, what penetrates the ground and then seismic waves would terminate the base. The mobile missile systems are very vulnerable if they are located, and even normal anti-tank weapons and cluster bombs can destroy those missiles. But before that, the missiles must be located and the strike against them must begin.

Sources:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_X-37

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northrop_Grumman_X-47B



Picture I

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/B-2_Spirit_%28cropped%29.jpg/1200px-B-2_Spirit_%28cropped%29.jpg

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Why are civil wars so bloody?

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