Which one was a first egg or chicken?

Helix Nebula in visible light. 

Two forces affect the planetary nebula. Those forces are electromagnetic forces of the giant plasma cloud. The shine of those particles is electromagnetic radiation that pushes particles away from each other. The electromagnetic interaction affects two directions. It can push, and it can pull objects. 

Another force is gravitation. That pulls particles together. The symmetry of those forces. Or repelling and pulling effects determines if there is a possibility that some kind of stars or planet form in those nebulas. 

The electromagnetic force between ions or monopolar particles that have the same polarity pushes those particles away from each other. the electromagnetic force between anions and ions is pulling particles together along with gravitation. 

When we look at the Helix nebula above this text, we see the shine. Image one is taken by using visible light. And the second one is in the infrared wavelength. That is the emission radiation of ions and anions. The supernova remnant in the middle of the nebula adjusts the atoms to a higher energy level. The shine comes from atoms that are adjusted from a higher energy level. That shine causes the repel of those ions if they are all ions. The electromagnetic emission radiation pushes particles away from each other and denies the form of stars. So there must form some center in the nebula, before the formation of stars begins. 

The center can be electromagnetic. In that case, the anion can slip into the ion plasma. And start to grow material around it. Or some other thing causes the disturbance that starts the formation of stars. That center must have so powerful pulling force, that it will win the electromagnetic repelling force of the particles. That have the same polarity. 

Helix Nebula in the infrared image. 

We all know the question: "Which one was a first egg or chicken?". When we are talking about rogue planets that are wandering around the galaxy, we can ask "which one was first, star or planet?"

When a rogue planet wanders into a galaxy. And when it faces the planetary nebulas that planet is creating a disturbance when it pulls that material to it. The movement trajectory of that material is similar to neutron stars or black holes. But the effect is weaker. 

That thing causes the whirls and impacts in that nebula. And impacted particles are forming the gravitational centers. 

Those gravitational centers are making the material pile up at those points. So the gravitational effect of exoplanets is making it possible that the stars and planetary systems to start forming. 

Mainly the term "Planetary nebula" means nebulas where lots of heavy elements. or their origin in exploded stars. Every heavier-than-hydrogen element in the universe formed in the fusion reaction in the stars. Without those elements, forming of planets is not possible. 

https://scitechdaily.com/rogue-planets-captured-by-stars/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Planetary_nebula

https://astronomyandtechnology.blogspot.com/

The most extreme exoplanet has been found near Beta Centauri.

 The most extreme exoplanet has been found near Beta Centauri.

"This artist’s impression shows a close-up of the planet b Centauri b, which orbits a binary system with mass at least six times that of the Sun. This is the most massive and hottest planet-hosting star system found to date. The planet is ten times as massive as Jupiter and orbits the two-star system at 100 times the distance Jupiter orbits the Sun. Credit: ESO/L. Calçada" (https://scitechdaily.com/surprise-planet-discovered-around-extreme-star-pair/)

The Beta Centauri is the second brightest star in the Centauri constellation. The brightest star of that constellation is Alpha Centauri. 

The Beta Centauri (Beta Cent or Hadar) is a two-star system that has at least three components two stars and one planet. The members of this system are Beta Centauri Aa, Beta Centauri Ab, and Beta Centauri B. There is only one member of this system Beta Centauri A which has confirmed spectral type. 

That bight Beta Centauri Aa has a spectral class B1 III.  And that means the star is extremely bright. That brightness will make the Beta Centauri B disappear. The exoplanet that orbits in this system is so-called hot Jupiter. The observation is made by using ESO (European Southern Observatory). And that is the first case, where an exoplanet is found near extremely bright stars. 

The strong X-ray emission from the atmosphere of an exoplanet is the thing that uncovers the existence of Beta Centauri Bb. Which orbits the Beta Centauri 100 times more distant than Jupiter orbits the Sun. 

This means also exoplanets are forming X-ray emissions. The exoplanets that are orbiting bright stars are in the situation, that the high-energy electrons and ions are impacting their atmosphere. And that thing makes the exoplanets visible in X-ray images. 

The new exoplanet Beta Centauri Bb Is an example that also bright double stars.  Or stars, where are multiple members in the system, can have planets. The planet of Beta Centauri is extremely hostile to lifeforms, but it's the evidence that also other than lone stars can have planetary systems. 

The thing is that the exoplanets are very interesting targets for astronomers. They can have lifeforms and maybe someday astronomers can find the intelligent alien species on those planets. The thing is that there is the possibility that the Beta Centauri Bb is not formed in the system of Beta Centauri. It could be a rogue planet that is trapped in the gravity field of Beta Centauri. 

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This image shows the most massive planet-hosting star pair to date, b Centaur

"This image shows the most massive planet-hosting star pair to date, b Centauri, and its giant planet b Centauri b. This is the first time astronomers have directly observed a planet orbiting a star pair this massive and hot. The star pair, which has a total mass of at least six times that of the Sun, is the bright object in the top left corner of the image, the bright and dark rings around it being optical artifacts".

"The planet, visible as a bright dot in the lower right of the frame, is ten times as massive as Jupiter and orbits the pair at 100 times the distance Jupiter orbits the Sun. The other bright dot in the image (top right.) Is a background star. By taking different images at different times, astronomers were able to distinguish the planet from the background stars"

"The image captured by the SPHERE instrument. On ESO’s Very Large Telescope and using a coronagraph. Which blocked the light from the massive star system and allowed astronomers to detect the faint planet. Credit: ESO/Janson et al.(https://scitechdaily.com/surprise-planet-discovered-around-extreme-star-pair/)

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https://scitechdaily.com/surprise-planet-discovered-around-extreme-star-pair/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beta_Centauri

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar_classification

https://thoughtsaboutsuperpositions.blogspot.com/

Can we someday live in society without money?

The next writing is provocative. And the reason for that is that it would handle the thing that is called society without money. What if we have personal limits on how many times we are allowed to go to restaurants? Or how many pants and shoes we are allowing to use at a certain time? Would that thing seem something radical or a little bit too radical? The radical ideas are breaking the old-fashion economics. And the idea is to make the world more democratic and less pollutive because there is no financial race. 

The origin of money is a need to control the use of the products. And we are always lived with money. Money is the thing that is creating our value and the reason. Why we are going to work. But what if we would replace money by using limits? In that case, the person would get limit how many pants, skirts, and other things like food the person is allowed to take out from shops.  So the thing is that if we have only limited what we can take from the shops we can replace money by using some more democratic and justifying system. 

But the thing why we are not doing that thing is that it requires new attitudes. The world without money is one of the things that is always justified as fantasy. The thing is that if we are trying to make something new type of economics. We must renew the entire society. And leaving the money away and replacing it with the limits seeming very radical. 

When we are thinking reality we are going to work every day because we want to earn money. Money is the thing that is making the lifestyle better and allows us to make things like playing tennis. But when we are thinking about real life and working we must ask one question. 

Are we doing productive work all the time while we are working? This is one of the questions that we might ask. The thing is that money which is the basis of western economics causes competition in production. A large number of production keeps the price of the product low. The lowest price products are meant for the introduction of the product. 

Normally people are buying the middle-price product. But all the time when some person is buying some middle price product that means cheap and expensive products are leaving in the shop. The most expensive products are meant for professionals. Merchandise is produced too much. And the problem is that in every year in the markets will be brought the new models.  The new models guarantee the incoming money flow to the producers. 

The new models guarantee the sale of the product. The old products are not shared free with the people. The reason for that is that people could wait over the new year and then get old products. Those old products are sold at a low price because the shops want to get all money from the products that they can get. Overproduction is the thing that causes emissions and waste of natural resources. So what if someday happens the revolution that we would give up the use of money and competition? Would that thing turn emissions down and make the world a better place to live? Maybe, maybe not. These kinds of things are utopia in the modern world. But what if we try to change our attitudes?

https://networkedinternet.blogspot.com/