New types of particle accelerators revolutionize civil and military research.

"Conceptual illustration of micronozzle acceleration (MNA). A solid hydrogen rod is embedded in an aluminum micronozzle, which channels and focuses plasma flow to optimize proton acceleration. Credit: Masakatsu Murakami"(Phys.org/Tabletop particle blaster: How tiny nozzles and lasers could replace giant accelerators)

Lasers and micronozzles bring the tabletop particle accelerators closer to reality. Those systems use laser beams and magnetic fields to accelerate protons and electrons. Those systems can raise the electron’s energy level. The new system that combines liquid hydrogen and laser beams can raise the proton’s energy level to 1 GeV. That kind of ion system is much smaller than CERN particle accelerators, The new accelerator type can revolutionize civil and military technology. The ion engines or plasma ion engines that use high-energy plasma to create thrust can use that new particle accelerator type. 

The system can inject high-energy particles into gas and that system turns plasma into a high-energy level. The ion engine that can expand plasma like a regular rocket engine can form higher thrust than the regular ion engines. The plasma-ion engines combine ion and rocket engines under the new hybrid concept where high-energy plasma raises the gas temperature. There is a possibility to use antimatter injection to create high-energy plasma. The antiproton or positron injection will raise the gas's temperature and that creates thrust. 

"Concept of micronozzle acceleration (MNA). The MNA target employs a micronozzle housing a solid hydrogen rod (H-rod), precisely placed near the nozzle neck to maximize proton yield. Acting as a "power lens," the micronozzle focuses the incident laser energy onto the H-rod, enabling efficient and localized energy deposition. This configuration significantly boosts proton acceleration near the nozzle exit, outperforming setups lacking the nozzle structure. Credit: Scientific Reports (2025). DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-03385-x" (Phys.org/Tabletop particle blaster: How tiny nozzles and lasers could replace giant accelerators)

*The implications are wide-reaching:

*Energy: Supports fast ignition schemes in laser-driven nuclear fusion.

*Medicine: Enables more compact and precise systems for proton cancer therapy.

*Fundamental science: Creates conditions to simulate extreme astrophysical environments and probe matter under ultra-strong magnetic fields.

(Phys.org/Tabletop particle blaster: How tiny nozzles and lasers could replace giant accelerators)

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"Illustration of a spacecraft powered by nuclear propulsion and solar sails traveling towards Sedna. Image generated by AI." (RudeBaquette, “We’re Finally Fast Enough”: Nuclear Propulsion and Solar Sails Could Blast a Spacecraft to Sedna in Just 7 Years)

In that spacecraft, the solar sail can act as a reactor cooler. The futuristic system comprises a solar sail and a nuclear thermal engine that can boost the rocket into a very high speed. And the atomic engine can use pulsed plasma to create ultra-high thrust. Begin of the journey the system can use both, solar sail and a nuclear engine for maximum thrust. Then at a longer distance that solar sail can turn into a cooling system. 

These kinds of plasma systems are dangerous in the wrong hands. The ion cannon is basically the same system as the ion engine. The main problem with ion cannons is how to keep the particle beam in its form. Particles with the same polarity repel each other. There is a possibility to shoot electron beams in the ion beam. Or the target can be loaded with opposite-polarity electricity that pulls those ions to it.

But there is also the possibility of creating plasma bombs by using ion technology. Basically, a plasma bomb is only a magnetic tank where high-energy plasma hovers away from the wall. The laser, microwave, or particle accelerators can create that plasma. The particle accelerator can load high-energy plasma into the bomb by using the positron injection. When that bomb drops to the ground its shell is broken. And that releases plasma from 10- 10000 or even millions of degrees Celsius to the air. Theoretically, plasma bombs can replace thermonuclear weapons if they can create plasma that has a temperature of tens of millions of degrees Celsius. 

The antimatter bomb is the tank where antimatter hovers away from the walls. The small-sized particle accelerator that is in the airplane can load antimatter into those capsules that the system shoots at the enemy. The antimatter capsules can also be used as fuel pellets for antimatter rockets. 

https://physicsworld.com/a/micronozzle-could-give-laser-driven-particle-accelerators-a-boost/

https://phys.org/news/2025-06-tabletop-particle-blaster-tiny-nozzles.html

https://www.rudebaguette.com/en/2025/07/were-finally-fast-enough-nuclear-propulsion-and-solar-sails-could-blast-a-spacecraft-to-sedna-in-just-7-years/

Quantum entanglement is a useful tool also for high-power particle accelerators and quantum ion engines.

Quantum entanglement can use also for making new and powerful particle accelerators. If we think about the ability to use positronium or protonium as the beginning point of the electron-positron or proton-antiproton impacts. That thing can make it possible to adjust the impact point and energy levels in the matter-antimatter collision. 

A positronium is a pair of positrons and electrons that are orbiting each other. And the protonium is the proton and antiproton pair where those particles are orbiting each other. If those things are put in quantum entanglement that allows particle accelerators to create particle pairs, which energy level is the same. That thing makes it possible to create highly accurate high-energy particle collisions. 

Quantum entanglement makes it possible to create powerful particle accelerators. The system would base free-electron lasers. That kind of powerful, but lightweight particle accelerator would use two electron clouds. The particle accelerators will pump energy to the first electron cloud. 

And then, the wave motion of those electrons will aim at the second electron cloud. That thing makes it possible to use photons to accelerate those electrons. Because free electrons are sending that wave motion between each other. That thing maximizes the impact power. 

Quantum routers and quantum ion engines are the next-generation tools. 

Quantum entanglement makes it the system possible to create two electrons with the same energy level. That thing can be useful in the quantum router that routes information between two quantum systems. The ability to create the qubits that are operating just at the same time makes quantum systems more effective. 

This thing makes it possible to create new types of macro-size quantum systems. In this kind of system, quantum computers are acting as macro-size qubits. And that allows the creation of multiple internal quantum computing systems. 

But in quantum ion engines, the system creates quantum entanglement. Then the photons will send to the channel that connects those particles. Then those electrons will fly in different directions. That increases the power that impacts the front side of the ion engine. That kind of system could be useful in the new ion system that can revolutionize aviation and spaceflight. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positronium

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protonium

The "Tokamak" fusion test reactor can use as the base of the new and very effective quantum computers.

The "Tokamak" fusion test reactor can use as the base of the new and very effective quantum computers. Those are basing the low-energetic particle accelerators. 

The image above The electron-photon interaction while the electron is traveling in the tube. The power of the light quantum is determining the state of the electron-based qubit. 

Along with the internal kinetic energy of an electron, that is another determinator for the state of the qubit. That thing allows creating the new type of qubits that are more powerful than ever before. There was different text in the original image. And you might see it in the link below this part. 

Image:(https://phys.org/news/2021-09-unveils-quantum-nature-interaction-photons.html)

The idea is that the electron or qubits are traveling the circular trajectory. And the system can load data and reuse the electron very fast. That means. When the electron-qubit has traveled through a circuit it releases its data and then takes the new data load. That means it can use smoothly and fast. 

One of the versions of the solution that can release the energy or data from traveling qubits is the graphene net. There are positioned ions or electrons in the middle of those graphene carbon frames. Then the traveling data-carrier qubits hit those particles and the energy level that is released determines the qubits state. 

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The photon-based qubit can be the light-cable that is in a circular position. 

The photon-based qubit can be the light-cable that is in a circular position. In that system, every class fiber is acting as the individual state of the qubit. That system can operate at room temperature. 

And the same thing that is used in the electron-based qubits can use in the photon-based qubits. The photon-based qubit can be the optic cable that is put in the circular position. 

The lasers will pump photons into the structure where they are annealed. And when those photons reach the sensor they release the data. In light cable every each light fiber can form its state of the qubit. And the light cable entirety is acting as the qubit. 

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The "Tokamak" reactor can act as a model for quantum computers that can operate in higher temperatures.

The "Tokamak" reactor can act as a model for quantum computers that can operate in higher temperatures. The idea of the qubits that are basing the circular accelerators is that the energy of those systems can rise so high that the changes of the energy level are easy to notice. Pumping the data to the electrons can happen by using the photons that are loading to the traveling electrons in the particle accelerator. 

The high energetic system would cover the errors from outside radiation by using so high energy load that weak outcoming interactions cannot affect that qubit. In some other ideas, different particles like protons, neutrons, and electrons can use to qubits. In that idea, every each of those particles is the one layer of the qubit. 

And the timing of the release of that energy is the difficult thing. The system can be an opposite version of the free-electron laser. While electrons are traveling in the tube they would stress by using photon emission. And then the system would release that data from the photons by changing its direction where it realizes its data as the light quantum. So this type of accelerator-based quantum computer can recycle those electrons. There is an idea that the transversely set fullerene tube can use to delete the qubit. 

And then they would start the new round in the quantum system. 

The electron-photon quantum interaction can make it possible to create new and easier-to-use quantum computers. What if researchers could use a donut-shaped structure, where electrons are traveling in the circular track for making the more powerful quantum computers. The idea is that the electrons are orbiting in the particle accelerator and that system would load the data to the electrons and remove them. The process in that quantum computer would recycle the electrons. 

While traveling in the particle accelerator that looks like a "Tokamak" fusion reactor the photons will load information to those electrons. The problem is how to adjust the point where the electron releases its data. The ability to make the electrons travel around the particle accelerator and then reload and release the data in and out of those electrons would make the system more powerful than ever before. 

In this system, the adjustment of the energy that is loaded to the quantum system is problematic. If the energy load to qubit is too high or too low the system releases the energy load or data at the wrong moment and point. That thing would cause problems for making the new and more powerful quantum computers. 

https://phys.org/news/2021-09-unveils-quantum-nature-interaction-photons.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokamak_Fusion_Test_Reactor

https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/