Does spacetime (or, space-time) exist?

 Does spacetime (or, space-time) exist? 

"Exploring different approaches to understanding space-time deepens our understanding of reality. Credit: Shutterstock" (ScitechDaily, Does Space-Time Really Exist?)

"Is time something that flows — or just an illusion? Exploring space-time as either a fixed “block universe” or a dynamic fabric reveals deeper mysteries about existence, change, and the very nature of reality."(ScitechDaily, Does Space-Time Really Exist?)

Does spacetime exist? Does the space have time? We know the thing. Called material time. That time is seen in material evaporation. Because of the expansion of the universe. That thing causes an effect that all material turns into a wave movement. 

In the five-dimensional cosmological model, there are three spatial dimensions. And two dimensions in time.  Those two dimensions are time that goes forward and time that travels backward. In that model, time is one of the fundamental interactions. The idea in the spacetime model is that the Big Bang released material in time. Or it separated time and material. In this case. We talk about material evaporation. The model goes like this. The universe formed from a so-called Kugelblitz black hole. When the whirl started to collect energy in the proto-universe, it formed the black hole. Straight from that energy field that condensed into the black hole. When that black hole evaporated or detonated. That formed an event called the Big Bang. 

That means there is space formed between superstrings that will form the first particles. In that model, the superstring is an extremely thin energy field that turns into fermions and bosons. Superstrings are not single things. They are complicated internal structures. And in black holes, those superstrings are in such a tight form that they have no space to oscillate. That space caused an effect that those superstrings started to send sub-waves. When a superstring oscillates, it sends part of itself into its environment. This event would be similar to the material evaporation. 

When there is no energy that can resist the superstring, it sends the sub-string. In the same way as material, the existence, thickness, or number of structures in a superstring depends on the field that resists the superstring. The ten-dimensional superstring model explains the universe and space as an endless number of superstrings. The density or number of those superstrings in the space determines the strength of the field. When there are lots of strings in a small area, that means the field is strong. 

The main question in time dilation is this: Does that effect only push energy into particles? Or, does that affect cause a situation where the particle travels in time? 

Above: The 2D model of the gravity center. The gravity center packs energy fields around it. That forms a denser energy area. The gravity makes a pothole, but it also packs energy fields around the gravitational center. 

This denser, or higher energy area causes the effect that energy transfer to the environment slows down. And that slows material evaporation. If the difference between energy levels in the material and the environment is high. The energy level around the particle is very low. That raises the speed of energy flow out from the particle. The same effect can cause superstrings to decay just as matter. 

And that means the superstring model tells us that the spacetime should exist. When a gravity field forms, the gravity center rolls the field of those superstrings to the gravitational center. That effect is seen as a whirl in the universe. Those whirls can be extremely large. And all spiral galaxies are whirls that form around the supermassive black holes. Those whirls pull back, and without them, the black hole in the center of the galaxy will be detonated. 

And then we go to the spacetime. The idea in spacetime is this: energy fields or wave movement are everywhere. Those energy fields can condense into material. Because of the Schwinger effect. The Schwinger effect forms elementary particles, fermions. And bosons. In a similar way. The Schwinger effect explains the Kugelblitz black hole as a structure. Where the whirl will collect the energy fields or strings into one point. When there is enough field. Packed into one point. It creates a strong gravity effect that pulls everything into it. Without that whirl, the energy that is stored in a black hole is released. The whirl is the thing. That keeps the black hole in its form. 

We can think that when time moves from the past to the future, that thing looks a little bit like a superstring. When those time strings or “arrows of time”, or “time arrows” (Time’s arrow)move, they push time back around them. So when the arrow of time moves forward, that moves other arrows backward. If one of the arrows of time moves faster than the other arrow of time. That faster time arrow slows the slower arrows of time. The reason for that is that the time arrow moves energy into those other arrows of time. 

The arrow of time, along with Einstein’s Theory of Relativity, explains that when gravity turns so strong that the escape velocity turns higher than the speed of light. That means time starts to travel backward. The black holes will pump energy into the past if that model is right. And that energy is released at the point where a black hole forms. But the question is, does that thing really happen? Or does the black hole only store information and release it when it evaporates? This is the thing. That makes supernovae interesting. 

Theoretically, it is possible to decode the information that the black hole released. And there is a possibility. A black hole drives information straight into the point where. The black hole formed, and that point is the supernova explosion. Where the black hole got its beginning. 

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/argument-against-theory-of-everything/

https://scitechdaily.com/does-space-time-really-exist/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrow_of_time

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kugelblitz_(astrophysics)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_relativity

Gravity from entropy in an interesting theory.

"Diagrammatic representation of the entropic quantum gravity action. The action for gravity is given by the quantum relative entropy between the metric of the manifold and the metric induced by the matter field and the geometry. Credit: Physical Review D (2025). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.111.066001" (Phys.org, Gravity from entropy: A radical new approach to unifying quantum mechanics and general relativity)

If we think that gravitation occurs in cases where the spinning particles store energy in the. And transform that energy into kinetic energy, we can explain special features of gravity like this. All parts of atoms are spinning. And all particles have their own individual quantum gravity field. So if we try to look at the gravity fields around atoms, we would see multiple different-sized whirls. Gluons, W, and Z bosons, quarks, and electrons conduct energy into themselves. 

But also things like quantum fields and quantum field tunnels between quarks and around the atom's spin. That spinning movement binds energy to those particles and fields. And those particles and fields turn that energy into kinetic energy. 

So, energy, or quantum fields, can also bind energy and make energy travel to those fields. In the same way as in all objects, the spin or speed of a particle or field accelerates until it starts to deliver energy. That means things like black holes will send gravitational waves that are emitted from those objects. When their spin speed slows, they start to deliver energy. Even a black hole cannot create energy from nothing. It must conduct energy somewhere if it spins more slowly. And in that process, a black hole delivers energy. As well as all other objects in the universe. 

In the same way, if we think that quantum fields form superstrings, that explains some interesting things in gravity. Theoretical superstring is the rolled quantum field. So when a superstring moves, it harnesses energy from its environment. The superstring doesn’t form energy; it harnesses and stores it from fields around it. When a superstring slows, it releases a gravitational wave or some other energy wave. Just like all other gravitational centers. 

Gravitation from entropy, or entropic gravity, is a new and exciting model to explain quantum gravity. And attempt to fit quantum gravity into Einstein's general relativity and special relativity. That model tries to connect quantum gravitation to the larger-scale gravitation. Entropic gravitation holds the idea that gravitation is like electromagnetic radiation, or one of the quantum fields.

So, if gravitation is like radiation, there should be a so-called G-field that gravitational radiation forms. That G-field or free gravitational field is like any other radiation field, but gravitational radiation or gravitational wave movement forms that G-field. The G-field could form particles because wave-particle duality (WPD) is also possible between gravitational waves. 

"Representation of the gravitational field of Earth and Moon combined (not to scale). Vector field (blue) and its associated scalar potential field (red). Point P between earth and moon is the point of equilibrium." (Wikipedia, Gravitational field)

When we think about how difficult it is to fit quantum gravity with larger-scale gravitational objects, we must dare to ask one question. Did somebody forget fields when they made gravitational models? That means spinning, or moving quantum fields, can also act like a gravity center. The idea is that a fast-spinning field also binds energy fields from around it. And that makes those fields travel to that field. 

That means in theory the field can also act as a gravity center. The idea is that particles are also waves. Or they are condensed wave movements. In reactions like annihilation, antimatter-matter impacts turn antiparticle-particle pairs into the wave movement. That means matter is packed with energy. And when a particle hits its anti-particle pair, it releases energy that is stored in particles. 

The wave-particle duality means that particles can turn into energy or wave movement. And wave movement can turn into particles. If a G-field exists and some particle spins in it, that particle also rolls the G-field in it and turns that field into kinetic energy. That is one way to close this theorem. But the other way is to think that there are no absolute vacuums in the universe. There are always some kinds of fields and things like superstrings that are extremely thin energy fields. In the same way as superstrings and particles store energy, the spinning quantum field stores energy. 

Those things form the smallest structures in the universe. When a superstring or any other structure spins, that structure stores energy into it in the form of kinetic energy. When a spinning structure turns energy into kinetic form, it harnesses that energy from around it. That makes energy move to the structure. An energy field from outside the pulling area tries to fill that energy pothole. The energy movement to the object continues until the object’s energy level rises so high that energy can break the whirl around that object. 

But again, we can replace the word spinning by using word movement. The moving particle or object, like a moving field, stores energy. If we think that entropy is space where it is moving and oscillating, that thing can explain the form of gravity. Those particles store and deliver energy, and that can explain gravity. The question is always, what causes those quantum fields to move? Moving quantum fields take particles and radiation with them. And that makes the effect known as gravity. 

https://phys.org/news/2025-03-gravity-entropy-radical-approach-quantum.html

https://www.quantamagazine.org/is-gravity-just-entropy-rising-long-shot-idea-gets-another-look-20250613/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropic_gravity

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_field

Time arrows and black holes.

Antigravity and Meissner effect. 

Normally, the Meissner effect is an electromagnetic phenomenon in superconducting materials. The Meissner effect happens in electromagnetic wavelengths. The gravitational Meissner effect is a similar effect that happens in the gravitational wavelength. Today, the gravitational Meissner effect is still a theory. 

Can gravity be like the Meissner effect? The Meissner effect is possible only in the extremely low temperature superconducting objects where an atom’s quantum fields form an entirety. The question is whether a similar effect that forms in gravity fields forms in cases where all parts of the atom are under one homogenous quantum field? Or is it enough that the electrons will push against the atom’s core into a homogenous form? 

If the “Gravitational Meissner effect” is possible, that makes antigravity levitation possible. If the gravitational Meissner effect is possible, that means the energy waves that travel past the particle or object are like time arrows, or arrows of time. Those things harness energy from their environment and push it into particles or particle groups. And that energy pushes those particles back in time. 

Or, otherwise saying, they cause time dilation. When the mass of an object increases, that means its spin turns faster. The spin speed accelerates until the particle cannot receive energy. Then the particle's speed starts to slow. In that process, it sends energy waves. Because it must transfer that kinetic energy somewhere. Black holes send gravitational waves when they slow their speed and release energy that is stored in them. 

The arrow of time (or time arrow) in the modern universe. 

Why doesn't the time arrow (arrow of time) work in the modern universe? There is one very good explanation. There is too much space in the modern universe. When a time arrow moves forward, it pushes energy to objects like particles around it. And then that energy pushes particles back in time. But the problem is that this requires that the particle can store the energy that it gets. In the modern universe, a receiving particle takes that energy into its quantum field. And then releases that energy immediately. 

The time arrow that pushes an object back in time requires a situation where a particle that receives energy will not give that energy away immediately. So the system must be dense enough and harness energy from a large enough area that the time arrow (or arrow of time) can push particles back in time. 

When we think about things like wormholes, those hypothetical energy tornadoes are one version of the time arrows. The wave movement tornado around the wormhole stores energy from around it. Then that energy will move to an object that travels in the wormhole. That energy can prevent an object from aging because that thing will not let the energy out from that particle or object. The case where the wormhole transports objects back in time is this. 

Diagram of the Meissner effect. Magnetic field lines, represented as arrows, are excluded from a superconductor when it is below its critical temperature. (Wikipedia, Meissner effect). Can this kind of effect be possible in the gravitational fields? In this image, Tc= temperature critical or critical temperature. The critical temperature means that below the critical temperature. The Meissner effect turns into reality. Could there also be a density critical that makes the gravity field act like EM-fields act in the Meissner effect? 

The energy level in those objects that travel in a wormhole must rise higher than the energy shadow at the front of the particle can transport that thing out from the object. The black hole is one type of time arrow. The black hole is a very fast-spinning object that collects quantum fields from around it and transforms that thing into kinetic energy. That means the black hole’s spin accelerates all the time. But that acceleration stops sooner or later. When the spinning speed of a black hole slows, it sends gravitational radiation or gravitational waves. 

When a black hole or any other particle spins in the energy field, it collects energy from that field. That thing makes an energy pothole. The pothole is the wormhole back in time. The particle can harness energy only from its environment. The thing in black hole cases is that the black hole is not eternal. It makes a hole through time. But the reason why the time arrow works in that case is that the energy field in that pothole is dense enough. The energy cannot escape from the black hole as easily as it could escape from some other objects. The black hole’s energy level can rise so high that it breaks the energy barrier around it. And that causes black hole destruction. The black hole travels back in time until it starts to deliver its energy. 

But why can gravity slow aging? The answer can be in the nature of gravity. If we think that gravity is one form of the Meissner effect, the particle that spins just makes energy fields travel past the particle. That makes quantum levitation. In the case of black holes, particles are in the same direction. And that makes the effect more powerful. The fast spin packs energy, or quantum fields, from such large areas that the object cannot release its energy through that thing. The dense material causes quantum fields to travel through the extremely dense object. Those energy fields or waves are like time arrows. They push objects in the middle of them back in time because they cannot let quantum fields travel through them. 

That means if we want to make a time machine that uses a time arrow, we should make extremely dense pearls. Then we must shoot particles or laser beams through it. That pumps energy to the structure around the channel. But for working that requires extremely dense materials. 

https://www.ecoticias.com/en/humanity-breaks-time-for-the-first-time/18338/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrow_of_time

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meissner_effect

The new evidence of the existence of Planet X

"An artist’s conception of Planet 9, or Planet X, which scientists theorize orbits in the distant solar system. Image credit: Robin Dienel/ Carnegie Institution of Washington" (NASA)

Planet X is never seen. That is one of the things that we should realize. Planet X is the mysterious gravitational effect at the edge of our solar system. The existence of that object is almost confirmed in one day. And some other day that strange thing doesn’t exist anymore. The thing that makes it very interesting is that the gravitational effect that makes Neptune’s trajectory wobble and the mysterious X-ray flares in Uranus are things that can cause many speculations. 

And one of them is that. There is a planet that is colder than the plasma around the sun. If the planet’s temperature is lower than the heliopause’s temperature and the planet’s trajectory is outside that point, this kind of object can be very hard to detect. The prediction is this, if Planet X really exists it would be geologically dead. It could be the rogue planet that our sun or the outer planets Neptune and Uranus are trapped near the edge of the solar system. It’s possible that this mysterious gravitational object has gone out from the solar system’s gravitational pool. And turned into a rogue planet. 

Uranus’s X-ray flares. 

Dwarf planet Haumea with Rings and its two moons Hiʻiaka (Haumea 1) and Namaka (Haumea 2). 

Artist impression of Quaoar rings. Credit: Paris Observatory

Artist's impression of Quaoar with its ring and its moon Weywot

The primordial black hole hypothesis. 

But there is also the possibility that Planet X is something like a black hole. In some scenarios, a very small black hole can pull a shell around it. In some models, the small black hole can exist in asteroid-size objects. Or even on some planets. The small black hole must only pull dust or ice around it symmetrically. If those particles are locked around that black hole they can form a structure that looks like a regular planet. So could some of the dwarf planets in the Kuiper belt be that mysterious Planet X? 

There is one object that can be interesting about the researchers. That object is the dwarf planet Quaoar. The thing that makes that dwarf planet very interesting is its ring system. That dwarf planet should have a very weak gravity. Sometimes astronomers and I thought that some kind of plasma whirling around that small dwarf planet makes the Van Allen-belt type magnetic phenomenon that can trap the low-energy plasma that comes from the sun. Another remarkable thing is that Quaoar has a moon called Weywot. And if that artist’s impression is right, that means that this moon is quite a long distance from Quaoar. 

The third interesting thing is that the Quaoar’s temperature is 41 K which is -231.3C. There is suspicion that some kind of radioactive process warms the Quaoar. But the primordial black hole can explain that temperature. 

But there is one very wild idea. Could Quaoar be the primordial black hole that formed the ice shell around it? Maybe that thing seems very rare, or radical theory. But if the planet X is some kind of primordial black hole, can that thing be some dwarf planet that we already know? That primordial black hole can seem very innocent if it's in some dwarf planet. And then we can look at another dwarf planet: Haumea. An interesting thing is that Haumea has two moons. 

When we look at images of Haumea we see that the little world with two moons is stretched. Haumea itself looks like an egg. That thing can happen because of the fast spin. Or it can happen because some force from that thing stretches the Haumea. Those two moons should destroy Haumea’s ring system. The names of those moons are Hiʻiaka (Haumea 1) and Namaka (Haumea 2)

The primordial black hole that is in the stable trajectory and pulls particle shells around it can be very hard to separate from the real dwarf planets. If there are no objects near that thing, we cannot measure the object’s mass using those things. If that black hole pulls all dust from around it. That thing prevents astronomers from seeing dust clouds from around it. 

https://astrobites.org/2025/04/28/vulcan-pbh/

https://www.astronomy.com/science/is-planet-nine-a-black-hole-or-a-planet-harvard-scientists-suggest-a-way-to-find-out/

https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/49910160

https://www.buffalo.edu/news/releases/2024/12/primordial-black-holes-may-be-hiding-in-planets-or-even-everyday-objects-here-on-Earth.html

https://chandra.harvard.edu/blog/node/786

https://nasaspacenews.com/2025/04/black-holes-from-the-big-bang-could-be-trapped-inside-our-planet/

https://www.rudebaguette.com/en/2025/07/were-seeing-something-massive-out-there-astronomers-detect-possible-ninth-planet-beyond-neptune-in-chilling-new-discovery/

https://scitechdaily.com/dark-matters-secret-hideouts-are-primordial-black-holes-lurking-nearby/

https://www.space.com/primordial-black-holes-cat-big-bang

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haumea

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hi%CA%BBiaka_(moon)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Namaka_(moon)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quaoar

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weywot

How hard is it to prove quantum gravity?

"In a dramatic twist on classical physics, scientists have cooled a mirror to near absolute zero with lasers to see if gravity might be quantum. This breakthrough could reshape how we understand the universe. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, MIT’s Chilling Experiment That Could Prove Gravity Is Quantum)

Quantum gravity: mass, density, and weight form gravity. And every single particle has a quantum field. The gravity is the interaction with quantum dots and the gravity center is the collection of those quantum dots. The quantum dot forms when a spinning particle binds quantum fields from around it into the particle's structure. The outcoming field denies the destruction of the particle by pressing it together. 

The spin of the particle is normally 1/2. Which means. When the particle turns its direction, it stops and releases energy. When the spin direction turns, the particle simply pushes quantum fields away from it. In that case, a particle binds energy, but that time is so short that energy cannot turn a particle into a black hole. 

If we want to turn particles into black holes. We must impact energy in it. When a particle binds energy from around it, it forms a gravity pothole. When that pothole turns deeper that pothole-particle combination pulls energy from larger and larger areas. 

The quantum gravity theory can be proven or disproven. But the idea in the quantum gravitational model is that. Every single particle in the universe has a gravity field. Quantum gravity means that all nuclear fundamental interactions have the "domination limit". There is a certain mass, size, or density of the objects. The object's size determines which of the fundamental interactions turn dominating. 

Dominating interaction between quarks and gluons is strong interaction or strong force. Dominating interaction between hadrons is a weak nuclear interaction. The dominating interaction between an atom's nucleus and electrons is the electromagnetic interaction. That makes the quantum gravity model hard to prove. The gravity wave is so weak at the quantum level that it's almost impossible to detect. Other interactions cover that effect below them. 

Dominating interaction makes atoms stay in the form. And it determines the position where subatomic particles are. Gravitational interaction affects long distances and only between large objects. Or, if we follow the recent text, we can say that gravitation forms in the entirety there are multiple gravitational centers. Or, every gravitational center involves multiple gravitational centers. 

Dark matter and quantum gravity model. 

And then we can introduce an interesting model of dark matter. Dark matter can be material that spins too fast. That spin makes them bind quantum fields inside their structures faster than they should. So, when quantum fields travel in those particles those fields pull them closer together. 

That explains why compact dwarf galaxies' stars are too close to each other. When some outside effect pulls dark matter halo out from the dwarf galaxies that causes the effect that the outside energy tries to fill those points. And that pulls stars closer to each other. When some outside gravity field pulls dark matter halo from away from the dwarf galaxy. That can turn those quantum shadows stretch. That thing makes quantum fields move to those positions that that movement releases. 

Another interesting model is that the WIMP (Weakly interacting massive particle) can be the situation that the other particle will go in some particle. That means we cannot see that other particle because the other particle covers it. So, if we think that the hypothetical graviton is that particle that gives mass to all other particles the graviton curves the quantum field or superstrings that form the whisk-shaped structure or bubble around that graviton. In some models, the graviton is the small, quantum-size black hole. 

The standard model is very functional until we face gravitation. Gravitation has no repelling effect and that makes it interesting. There are theoretical models about things like antigravity but they are not proven. 

There are models that gravity can be a mixture of other three fundamental forces, strong. And weak nuclear forces and electromagnetism. There is also a model that the spinning movement of the particles binds quantum fields to them. So when particles turn wave movement into kinetic energy. They just harness energy from around them and bind that energy to their structure. 

And then to the quantum gravity model. The idea is that all particles are quantum spots (or balls) that bind quantum fields around them. That means all gravity centers are collections of quantum dots. So, those quantum dots form all gravitational centers in the universe. The thing that forms the black holes are the internal quantum dots. 

The quantum field is like a canvas that travels through and between those quantum dots. The size of the holes, or the distance of those quantum dots determines how strong those quantum fields can be. The thing is that quantum gravity means that mass, weight, and density are things that determine the particle's gravity field. 

https://scitechdaily.com/mits-chilling-experiment-that-could-prove-gravity-is-quantum/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dark_matter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_interaction

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graviton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spin_(physics)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Model

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Weakly_interacting_massive_particle

The new quantum gravity model takes us closer to the Theory of everything, TOE.

"A quantum theory of gravity would clear the path to answering some of the biggest questions in physics. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Gravity’s Quantum Secret: “Theory of Everything” Could Unite the Forces of Nature)

The question of the form of gravity is interesting. Gravity is the only known force that affects light. And that makes it special. Another thing is that gravity seems to have no pushing force. This is the thing that makes gravity interesting. If we think that all particles have gravity fields and all objects like planets are entireties of those particles that means that gravity fields are the sum of those particle's gravity fields. 

Every particle is the quantum dot or quantum gravity center. The reason why the Earth-size black hole has a stronger gravity field than Earth is that there are more quantum dots in the same size object than the planet. So, the black hole can form around the structure of the quantum dots that are very close or melted together. The thing that determines the power of gravity fields is the density of those quantum gravity dots. So, we can turn any object into a black hole by pushing those quantum gravity dots together. 

That means if we think about the Theory of everything, TOE, we can make the model where the distance of those quantum dots determines which of fundamental interactions, Strong- and weak nuclear forces, electromagnetism, or gravity be in case. We can make a model where the superstrings of the extremely thin energy tube travel through those quantum gravity points. Those strings could be extremely small wormholes can also be one of the reasons why gravity acts as it acts. If something goes and cuts those strings they start to pull those things through them. 

The idea of the wormholes is that they must be extremely long and that the energy that travels through them can keep them open. The extremely long wormhole makes things travel in time. The expansion of the universe makes the other end of that energy tube a so high-energy level that the future has a lower energy field that can pull information through it. The information flow must be so strong that the outside energy cannot press that energy tube together. 

Finnish researchers from Allto University made models that should connect quantum field theory and Einstein's theory of relativity. That thing is the great step to the Theory of Everything, TOE. This model is interesting and those researchers published that in their publishings. You can find that thing in the article that is lined below this text. One of the most interesting questions of the gravity and its special nature is this: 

Can there be two or maybe three forms of gravity? 

1) Gravity that has the field effect. In that case, gravity is the field that travels into the gravity center. The gravity center or spinning particles can bind those fields inside them. And that means the system rolls those fields inside them. The field is like a river that takes everything with it. 

2) Gravity might also have a wave effect. That means gravity waves can have the shape that makes objects fall to the gravity center. And if there is a step, or false vacuum before the bottom of the gravity wave that makes objects fall to the gravity center, like I just wrote. 

The idea is that the gravity waves are at lower energy levels or they are deeper if the observer goes closer to the gravity center. The reason for that can be a similar phenomenon with the false vacuum decay. Or the gravity wave can stretch which makes it lower. That tells why outcoming energy that tries to fill the gravity wave is like a ditch that pushes particles into the gravity center. 

There might be a limit. Or the increasing mass turns the gravity waves less dominant than the field. The small mass objects can send gravity waves, but when those object's mass is rising that field pulling turns more dominating. The high-mass object simply rotates or binds a quantum field around it like dough. But does that thing cause only because massive object sends gravity waves so often? 

The last model that we can mention is virtual gravity. In some versions things like electromagnetism cause the virtual gravity effect. But another version of the virtual gravity is the particle the upper side has a higher energy level than the bottom. If that particle starts to rotate like wing gear. That was used in some early steamships. The idea is that the particle gets energy from up. And if it rotates horizontally that thing forms the energy wave below the particle. That energy wave pushes that particle forward. 

https://scitechdaily.com/gravitys-quantum-secret-theory-of-everything-could-unite-the-forces-of-nature/

 

Galaxies still collide.

The expansion of the universe doesn't mean that galaxies cannot collide. There are at least two galaxies. That is coming to the Milky Way. The Large Magellanic Cloud will impact the Milky Way in 2,4 billion years. And Andromeda galaxy collides with the Milky Way after 4,4 billion years. 

That thing means that there are two versions of the universe. The thing is that the galaxies in the local clusters turn into one entirety. And then. Galaxies in superclusters turn into one entirety. Because their mutual gravity wins dark energy.

There are two geometries in the universe. Local and global geometry. Local geometry is the thing. That we see in large galaxy clusters. 

Global geometry means. The universe's geometry as an entirety. 

The fact is that in local geometry gravity always wins. But on a global scale, the dark energy wins. The large-scale models show that the universe expands. However, the small-scale model can be different. And in small-scale models the galaxies in local galaxy clusters or groups will come together. In local galaxy clusters, the internal gravity of those clusters wins the expansion and that causes the galaxies will collide. All galaxies pull material from around them. 

That increases their mass. And expands the galaxy's gravity field.  When galaxies collide. That new structure's mass is the same as both galaxies' mass. 

That increases the size of the gravity field or gravity pool. Gravity is interaction and the same way distant galaxies pull the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies to them, as Milky Way and Andromeda pull those galaxies to our direction. 

Material is not homogenously spread all over the universe. Things like the cosmic web make modeling those kinds of systems very difficult. 

There are interactions between galaxies, galaxy clusters, and globular clusters. And the fields in those cosmic web structures. The gravity effect forms those complicated structures in the universe. Gravity is the strongest interaction at long distances. 

But that is not the only interaction in the universe. There are other interactions like electromagnetism. Those interactions are losing to gravity. But they have effects in short distances.  

That means that things like gravitational effects are not the same everywhere. Galaxies are in clusters. Those clusters are like bubbles. 

In those bubbles, there are local clusters. And superclusters, groups of local clusters. The mutual gravity in those clusters pulls galaxies together. 

Those bubbles form galaxy clusters. In galaxy clusters, the internal gravity of those structures pulls their galaxies together. First, the local clusters melt into large galaxies. And finally, those superclusters melt into single giant galaxies. The thing that the universe's expansion and the decrease of the energy level causes is that. Entropy in the system rises. That causes two effects. 

First, the entropy disturbs information more than in the young universe. But. Otherwise the energy levels in those fields are lower. That means the gravity pools around the galaxies turn larger. The gravitational fields affect a longer distance because there are not so powerful disturbing fields. The gravity centers are larger but the space between those large galaxies will be cold and dark. 

The energy level difference in and outside those galaxies is higher than it is in the modern universe. That causes situations where material in galaxies vaporizes more than in the modern universe. Galaxies send radiation stronger than in the modern universe. But there is less material and radiation between galaxies. 

That tells that there was some kind of turbulence. Or something that was denied. The material spread homogeneously over the universe.  There were some kind of gravity centers. That could be primordial black holes. That started the form of those galactic clusters. 

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/why-galaxies-still-collide-expanding-universe/

https://www.sci.news/astronomy/large-magellanic-cloud-milky-way-collision-06788.html

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andromeda%E2%80%93Milky_Way_collision

https://www.sciencealert.com/a-supermassive-black-hole-is-on-a-collision-course-with-the-milky-way

Can black holes be portals to other universes?

"A wormhole visualized as a two-dimensional surface. Route (a) is the shortest path through normal space between points 1 and 2; route (b) is a shorter path through a wormhole." (Wikipedia, Wormhole)

This is an interesting idea. That requires the existence of other universes. And proving that. Will prove multiverse existence. But before that, we can only make theories of black holes, white holes, and wormholes. 

The black hole is full of mysteries. The structure is pure gravity. And because escaping velocity is higher than the speed of light. That means time should travel back in that structure. A black hole pulls material inside it. 

Then our knowledge of that thing ends, and we must start to make theories and mathematical models for that phenomenon that is more complicated than nobody knew. 

The extreme density. And extremely powerful gravity field makes the situation that even small differences between those distances affect that structure with enormous power. 

The information will never vanish. And the black hole pulls information inside it. The information exists but is it broken into pieces that will not turn back in one piece? The thing is that if the wormhole exists that structure can be the key to interstellar travel and maybe to dark matter and even dark energy. 

The wormhole or Einstein-Rose bridge forms when the black hole's ultimate dense material touches the fields or superstrings that travel through that structure at the point in spacetime when the black hole forms. The supernova pushes those particles and superstrings into a very dense form. And that very dense form called singularity takes the touch with those fields and then turns them into the rope- or tornado-shape structure. 

There is a theory that this wormhole takes energy and material out of the black hole. The idea is that the black hole's relativistic jet forms around the wormhole. The wormhole is the whirl, or internal whirl in the quantum fields. There is the possibility that the wormhole is an internal quantum whirl that explains its hypothetical abilities. 

So we can think that the wormhole and some of the black hole's abilities form in the whirl-shape structure that surrounds the channel. That energy, or quantum whirl interacts with its environment like a Tipler cylinder. That means the thing that goes in the wormhole goes to the time trip. 

The black hole is like a Tipler cylinder itself. That structure transports energy and information to the point, where black holes form. When we think about the hypothetical wormhole and its rope-shaped form where all energy tornadoes are separated that means this. When energy travels through the wormhole it is like a light cable and a series of optic fibers. 

When energy travels through those quantum tornadoes it raises energy levels in fields around it. That energy pushes those strings away from each other because when the energy level in the fields rises it pushes those fields in the middle of those strings. 

And that forms entropy. The other thing is that. Entropy is also formed when a black hole travels in time. When the universe expands that means black holes always turn smaller. And pulls smaller masses of information into it. That causes them to turn into energy. Or they send energy waves. 

The black hole loses all the time its mass. And that makes it look like a cone if we see that route in time. The mass of information that the structure gets decreases. That causes the point that pulls information into it to always turn smaller. So it's like a funnel that is upside down. That makes space and entropy in a black hole. And the black hole itself is the wormhole that transports information back in time. 

The question is this: does the wormhole have a coherent, or non-coherent structure? 

There is the possibility that the wormhole is like a rope. The structure that is is formed of millions or even billions of small strings. Those strings are the quantum tornadoes that close energy and time inside them. 

If the wormhole is multiple internal energy tornadoes. So can this kind of structure transmit information through them? That thing depends on harmony. The requirement that information can travel through those wormholes is that there is not too much entropy. If the distance between those energy tornadoes is too long, information is destroyed. 

If the speed of information is the same and information travels through those quantum tornadoes in the same direction. That allows this structure to transport information. And keep it in the same form.  But if the information travels in two directions that thing breaks the form of the information. 

The thing is that the wormhole is an interesting phenomenon. And our knowledge of black holes grows all the time. We know electromagnetic and acoustic wormholes. So why the ultimate gravitational wormhole cannot be possible?

 https://scitechdaily.com/could-black-holes-be-portals-to-a-new-universe-scientists-weigh-in/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_hole

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tipler_cylinder

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_hole

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wormhole

https://astronomyandtechnology.blogspot.com/

Black holes paradox. Can gravity waves escape from them?

   Black holes paradox. Can gravity waves escape from them? 

Black hole paradox gravitational waves cannot escape from the black hole. But black holes send gravitational waves. And if those gravitational waves are not coming from the black hole, what is their source? Is there some other "yet unknown" radiation with different wavelengths that we cannot see? 

The black hole paradox is interesting. Gravity should not escape from a black hole's massive gravity field. But if that thing is true, the black hole should not be able to pull anything inside it, because gravitational interaction happens through gravity waves. So if gravity waves do not interact with particles they could not pull material into the gravitational field. 

The gravitational waves are traveling gravitational fields, and that means they can interact with gravity fields. Same way electromagnetic waves have their origin in electromagnetic fields. Electromagnetic fields can manipulate electromagnetic field's shape and strength. Same way gravity wave has the same wavelength as a gravity field. And that affects its strength and shape. 

Does gravity exist in the fourth dimension? 

The fact is that natural forces are the same in all dimensions. In theories, the dimension is energy level. Jumping into the fourth dimension could happen by increasing the object's energy level. When the energy level rises the object loses its ability to interact with other 3D particles. So when that particle cannot exchange information with other particles, it leaves left 3D world and jumps into the fourth dimension. 

At that moment particle will lost. The fourth dimension is like our universe. And all natural forces are the same as in our universe. The fourth dimension is at a higher energy level than our three-dimensional universe. That causes the theory that there are lots of extra dimensions above our universe. Because extra dimensions above our third dimension are at higher energy levels. That means those extra dimensions are smaller than our third dimension.  

The theory about extra dimensions tells us that extra dimensions are like our third dimension. But its energy level is much higher than our universe. The thing about extra dimensions is that they are smaller than our universe. And in some theories, there are other civilizations behind the event horizons. But we cannot prove anything.

The vaporization of the black holes, tells that there is energy that travels out from black holes. Fourth dimensions exist in our Universe in the form of black holes. We cannot imagine what those universes look like because we cannot see four-dimensional material and wave movement out from it. But if there is some other wave movement than gravitational waves that can escape from black holes, that wave movement is invisible to us.  

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/gravity-extra-dimensions/

Gravity doesn't begin instantly.

   Gravity doesn't begin instantly.

Gravity, or gravitational interaction, is one of the most powerful and dominating effects of what we know. We can describe gravitational interaction as the process where two particles or objects form a bridge and that bridge or energy tunnel pulls objects together. The size and density of the object determine its gravitational field. 

We can see that large and dense objects have strong gravitational fields. That thing causes an idea that quantum low pressure in the middle of the large particles causes a situation where quantum fields start to travel in the middle of the particle.

The outcoming gravitational radiation causes a thing called a gravity field. The reason why gravitational interaction doesn't begin immediately is that the tunnel where gravitation interacts. This tunnel is the thing that causes gravitational interaction between dark matter and visible matter. The gravitational tunnel must form before gravitational interaction can begin. 

The question is where that gravitational radiation comes from. Of course, we can say that it comes from a particle called graviton. And maybe graviton is the thing that forms interaction between gluon and quark. In that model, graviton could be like a small black hole between gluon and quark. 

In that model, large and dense objects can cover the gravitational nucleus. That thing denies outcoming radiation impact to the gravitational center. This causes situations where gravitational waves can travel longer than in the case of small and non-dense objects. There is no other limit for gravitational effect's distance than other gravitational waves. A large and dense object sends gravitational waves with stronger power than a low-mass object. 

Impacting gravity waves causes the situation that there are forming standing waves in that radiation. Those standing waves adjust gravitational waves into another frequency. Those other four frequencies and wavelengths are other fundamental interactions. 

The reason why gravitational interaction is so weak is in wavelength. But it interacts in long distances is that other interactions. That is wave movement with other wavelengths covering gravitational waves under them. 

Normally we use copper or other metallic antennas that are receiving electromagnetic wave movement. The gravitational interaction has so a short wavelength that it cannot resonate with those atoms in a large area that the resonance is detectable. 

All four fundamental forces are the quantum fields. And if there is only one force in the universe that could explain gravitation like this. When objects send gravitational radiation from the gravitational center. That gravitational interaction pushes other gravitational waves away. Then gravitational waves try to push that outcoming gravitational radiation back in the gravitational center. 

To force the gravitational radiation back into the gravitational center requires. It reaches a higher energy level than gravitational radiation that comes from the gravitational center. That outcoming radiation must store enough energy to make that thing. 

The outcoming gravitational waves that travel into the gravitational center form standing waves. And the height of those standing waves must be high enough. That they can push gravitational radiation back in. So the idea is this. Gravity is the base wave movement. Impacting gravitational waves form higher waves that are weak nuclear interaction, strong nuclear interaction, and electromagnetism. The difference between those forces is only wavelength. 

The gravitational interaction is based on the idea that when somewhere is an electromagnetic shadow. That means that electromagnetic fields start to travel to fill that area. The interesting thing is that gravitation seems to interact oppositely with other quantum fields or fundamental interactions.

The gravitational radiation is one of the biggest mysteries in the universe. That radiation pushes all other quantum fields away from the gravitational center. The thing that causes the pulling effect is the case that quantum fields impact with those gravitational waves. 

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/gravity-doesnt-happen-instantly/

Black holes, the speed of light, and gravitational background are things that are connecting the universe.

 Black holes, the speed of light, and gravitational background are things that are connecting the universe. 

Black holes and gravitational waves: is black hole's singularity at so high energy level that energy travels in one direction in the form of a gravitational wave. 

We normally say that black holes do not send radiation. And we are wrong. Black holes send gravitational waves. Gravitational waves are wave movement or radiation. And that means the black holes are bright gravitational objects. 

If we can use water to illustrate the gravitational interaction we can say that gravitational waves push the surface tension out from the gravitational center. Then the other quantum fields push particles or objects into a black hole. The gravitational waves push energy out from the objects. And then the energy or quantum fields behind that object push them into the gravitational center. 

The elementary particles are quantum fields or whisk-looking structures. If the gravitational wave is an extremely thin string that travels through the particle it forms the electromagnetic shadow behind particles or those strings. Then the field that comes from backward will fill that electromagnetic low pressure or vacuum. And that thing pushes particles to the gravitational center. 

The reason, why high-energy particles are heavier is that gravitational interaction with those particles is stronger than low energy particles. Maybe, we can find the answer from the spin. High-energy particles have stronger spin than low-energy particles. And that means the fast-spinning particle has (virtually) a larger surface area where gravitational radiation affects than low energy particles. 

So the shadow behind the fast-spinning particle is stronger than slow slow-spinning particle. The idea is similar like we would spin whisk with different speeds. When the spin is slow, more light goes through the whisk. And if the spin is fast we see that thing as one entirety. Gravitation interacts straight with material or it interacts through the dark matter. But that thing has no meaning. 

When gravitation forms the shadow behind the particle it interacts like all other forces. The shadow or quantum low-pressure will turn deeper and deeper until the quantum field collapses it. And then, it pushes the particle forward to the gravitational center. 

So the gravitational radiation pushes the "bottom of the space" off. Then another wave movement with different wavelengths will try to replace gravitational radiation. The reason why black holes are vaporizing is that the singularity is so small that the outcoming radiation cannot touch it. 

Or otherways, singularity is so high-energy object that the gravitational waves, that it sends deny other radiation from touching it. And that means near singularity the black hole's heart's strong gravitational waves just push other wavelengths away. That means energy travels only one direction from the singularity causing vaporization of the black hole. 

When black holes are born in giant supernova explosions that event has so a high energy level that it sends extremely dense radiation waves around the universe. That radiation wave acts like a droplet that drops on water. It pushes all quantum fields away from the supernova and forms a quantum vacuum. 

Then those quantum fields fall into that vacuum. They form the "statue" the structure whose energy level is extremely high. And then that structure starts to fall. That statue is the thing that sends gravitational radiation. And that radiation is the thing that causes the vaporization of the black hole. So the thing that makes the black hole so powerful is the collapse of the statue, called singularity where wave movement and material is one entirety. 

That thing is one of the sources of the gravitational waves in the universe. When quantum fields are dropping in the quantum vacuum after the supernova explosion they form extremely dense objects called singularity. 

So gravitational waves are traveling out from the singularity and other radiation travels in opposite directions. And that thing means the gravitational radiation or gravitational wave movement has an extremely short wavelength. But also the "height" of the gravitational waves is low. That means the sender of that wave movement is small. 

The gravitational background in the universe can be one reason, why the speed of light is what it is. 

There are all kinds of radiation backgrounds in the universe. And one of them is the gravitational background. The gravitational background can be one of the reasons, why crossing the speed of light is so difficult. The idea is that the gravitational background makes denser and thinner areas in the universe. The changes in the density of the universe's material and radiation cause the situation. 

Where energy starts to travel out of particles at the critical moment just before it should travel through the "light wall". The gravitational background causes an effect where the radiation's density or strength is not constant. When an object crosses denser or more powerful points in the cosmic radiation background it harvests energy. And after that when a particle goes into an area where energy level is lower, that causes a situation where energy travels out from the object. 

Cosmic Web

In that model, the cosmic web is the thing that denies crossing the speed of light. The cosmic web is the largest known structure in the universe. It is the entirety where there are multiple substructures. So telescopes see only the cosmic web's largest parts. There are billions of substructures on the web. And the smallest of them are smaller than atoms. There is the suggestion that the cosmic web is forming around wormholes. 

That structure causes friction in the object. And the reason why friction limits speed is that energy starts to travel out from the particle. When we say that the event horizon allows us to cross the speed of light we oversimplify things. Beyond the event horizon, all objects travel with the same speed and the other thing is the massive gravity that stretches all objects. That means electrons and all other elementary particles turn into a thing that looks like tape. 

The ability to make single photons is vital for quantum computers.

The ability to make single photons is vital for quantum computers.

Controlling complex systems requires that system operators have complete knowledge of the system and its interactions.

The problem with error correlation in quantum computers is that the qubits and quantum systems are much more sensitive to outside effects than binary computers. The other problem is that the anomaly that causes a calculation error can also happen during the second calculation. Things like gravity waves are global anomalies that affect all quantum computers. And that thing means that all quantum computers can calculate wrong at the same moment.

The big problem is also that quantum computers are the only things that can check and find errors in another quantum computer's solutions. Binary computers make the same 45-year calculations that quantum computers can make in seconds. And that thing means that outside things like torrents of gravity waves can destroy all the results that the Quantum systems produce. And the problem is that those outside effects can cause anomalous functions in all quantum computers in the world.

Things like changes in the gravity fields on Earth can also affect qubits. And that means the portable quantum systems might need information about the gravity field's strength so those quantum systems can calibrate themselves.

"Los Alamos National Laboratory scientists developed a new method for producing circularly polarized single photons, paving the way for advancements in quantum communication and a potential ultra-secure quantum internet. Credit: Los Alamos National Laboratory" (ScitechDaily.com/Quantum Illumination: Advanced Device Generates Single Photons and Encodes Information) 

The system can make bubbles in quantum fields or qauntum layers using photons. Those things can help to transport information between superpositioned and entangled photons and electron switches.

"Artistic illustration depicts magnetic excitations of cobalt-phthalocyanine molecules, where entangled electrons propagate into triplons. Credit: Jose Lado/Aalto University" (ScitechDaily.com/Tricky Triplons: Scientists Create Artificial Quantum Magnet With Quasiparticles Made of Entangled Electrons)

The next-generation quantum computers require very good, and very accurate ability to control multi-state and multi-layer systems.

The next-generation quantum computers can use multiple multi-state qubits. Those qubits can be networks of triplons. And systems that can create photon pairs. The photons are between those electrons in quantum magnets, called quantum triplons. And that system can make more powerful and portable quantum computers possible. The network of superpositioned photons and electrons is extremely difficult to handle. The system must have the ability to create single photons that it can put between those electrons.

And then information must be transported from those electron pairs to the sender photon, which is in quantum entanglement and superpositioned on the receiving side. The ability to make photons interact with wave movement makes it possible to stop photons at the precise point between electrons. Then the system must drive energy to that photon so that it can create superposition and quantum entanglement with some other photon.

Then the energy level of the transmitter side of the quantum entanglement will rise higher than that of the receiving side. And the system can start to drive information into that system. The receiving part just pulls energy away from the receiving side. The key element in quantum systems is that the transmitting or active side in superposition must be at a higher level.

If superpositioned and entangled particles are at the same energy level, standing waves between those particles push them away. The electron pairs can transmit energy away from the receiving side, which helps to keep the difference in energy levels in superpositioned and entangled particles.

The ability to create lots of single photons allows the system to replace photons that flew away when the quantum entanglement reached the same level. The network-based, ultra-small systems are extremely complicated to handle. The system might have multiple quantum states, like photon and radio wave states. The system must know precisely the energy level of the qubits before they can transport information.

Things like gravitational waves and even differences in Earth's gravitational field make it possible that there are differences between real and calculated values in qubits. That thing destroys the information that the qubit should transport because the receiving system doesn't know at what level or state the system loads the information.

The quantum computer is 45 years faster than any binary computer. That is both the biggest opportunity and the biggest weakness in quantum computing. Only another quantum computer can check the calculations that those extremely powerful systems can make. Of course, it is possible to perform the calculation twice. However, the problem is that there could be some anomaly that cannot be predicted during the second calculation. Things like gravitational waves that can shake the qubits are collective anomalies. They affect all Quantum computers at the same time.

https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-illumination-advanced-device-generates-single-photons-and-encodes-information/?expand_article=1

https://scitechdaily.com/tricky-triplons-scientists-create-artificial-quantum-magnet-with-quasiparticles-made-of-entangled-electrons/?expand_article=1

https://technologyandfuture4.wordpress.com/2023/08/26/the-ability-to-make-single-photons-is-vital-for-quantum-computers/

One of the weirdest particle in the universe: The quantum star

Picture 1

Kimmo Huosionmaa

In the universe is a star, so weird that it can almost make black holes look like boring. This star is so-called “grey hole” or quark star, what is the end of life of the star, what is too heavy to become the neutron star but too light to become a neutron star, when the nuclear reactions inside the star have been ended. In this star type the neutrons were crushed as the quarks, but the gravity is not strong enough to make the black hole. The photons can escape from this tiny piece surface, but the escaping speed is near the speed of the light, and that slows the photons very much.

This kind of star is smaller than the neutron star, and its gravity is more massive than neutron stars ever have. Those quark stars might look like small asteroids, and in some science fiction scenes, the spacecraft will make mistake and lands on that little star, what is mistakenly thought as the asteroid. The massive gravitation on that small star surface makes that object look like stoned, because the time on the surface of that object will slower, and there might be nuclear reactions on the quark stars surface.


Those reactions cause the reason for the gas and dust will fall in the surface of that star, and the massive gravitational field will start to press them down. And in this case, there will be high energy nuclear reactions on the surface of that star. In this scenario, the escaping speed from the surface of that star is 99% of speed of light, and in that case, those flares and things, what will happen on the surface of that piece looks like stoned, because the time will run slower on the surface of that star than in another universe.


The quark stars are the weirdest objects in the universe. And in some cases, that kind of star will get in the cosmic gas cloud, and then it will start symmetrically pull gas on its surface, and the result might be the blue giant, what is larger than our solar system. The pressure of the gas caused the massive gravity of the quark star, and that phenomenon will cause the massive energy production inside that massive star. The fallen material will grow the mass of quark star and sooner or later it will collapse as the black hole.

Sources: Picture 1 https://heasarc.gsfc.nasa.gov/Images/nicer/quark.jpg

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark_star

https://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/