Could photons support string theory?

"The gravity quantum field is calculated in flat spacetime. The curved classical metric is calculated using the expectation value of the gravity quantum field. Image: Mikko Partanen and Jukka Tulkki / Aalto University." (Aalto, New theory of gravity brings long-sought Theory of Everything a crucial step closer) 

The photon is a donut-shaped strange particle. That particle has no mass. That makes photons interesting. There is a model that photons are the shine that surrounds small gravity potholes. In the gravity model the gravity hovers in the gravity pothole. The gravity center binds energy inside it. That creates the pothole. So if there is an invisible particle above (or front) of a photon that particle binds energy inside it. 

When outcoming energy hits that particle's quantum field that forms the ring, or donut-shaped energy field that could be a photon. So can the mysterious, hypothetical graviton particle that transports gravity be the thing that we can find when we research photons? 

In string theory. All superstrings that can form material are wormholes. The wormhole is a tight energy tube that closes energy inside it. And then that string, or an energy tube. Offers a shortcut to the future. The tight structure of the wormhole prevents the energy travel out from the particle. That means that there is no time in a wormhole. The wormhole is an energy tornado that closes information inside it. 

When energy travels in the wormhole it makes its edge shine. That shine forms when energy interacts with that tube. The interaction is similar to the case in which high-speed airflow travels into the tube. That thing puts the tube's edge anneal. The same way the hypothetical superstring's edge will anneal. 

"A new theory, that explains how light and matter interact at the quantum level has enabled researchers to define for the first time the precise shape of a single photon. Credit: Dr. Benjamin Yuen" (ScitechDaily, Quantum Leap: Scientists Reveal the Shape of a Single Photon for the First Time)

That causes questions about the photon. Could photons be the edge of those microscopic wormholes? In string theory, the superstrings form reality. When those strings turn into tight rolls they form the wormholes. And in Stephen Hawking's model, the universe is full of tiny wormholes that are smaller than quarks. 

The quantum tornado's energy level is so high that particles and energy cannot escape from that tunnel. When radiation or wave movement travels through the wormhole. They form the cosmic thermal pump that pulls energy into that structure. 

When we closely look at the string models we can see one. A very impressive thing. In string models. Strings that form material can turn into a roll. Those rolls can be billions of lightyears long. And that makes them transport energy from the past to the future. The string must be long enough that the energy that travels through it can keep it open. That causes one very interesting idea. 

Can the photon be the edge of the string that anneals when energy travels through it? That explains the photon's strange behavior. How can that particle exist without mass? Could the photon be the edge of the wormhole? If that is true that explains why photons lack mass. 

Or maybe the photon is the edge of the gravitational pothole. That surrounds every particle in the universe. When we look at the gravitational models the particle with mass hovers above the gravity pothole. That is below and around it. In that model, there is an invisible particle above the photon. That particle makes the gravity pothole and the photon is the shine around it. So can we find a graviton in the middle of the photon, as I wrote at the beginning of the text? 

https://www.aalto.fi/en/news/new-theory-of-gravity-brings-long-sought-theory-of-everything-a-crucial-step-closer

https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-leap-scientists-reveal-the-shape-of-a-single-photon-for-the-first-time/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/String_theory

A new way to control photon chains makes it possible to create scalable quantum computers.

"Scientists have found a way to generate entangled photons using metasurfaces, simplifying quantum computing and communication. (Generating multiphoton entanglement with a tiny metasurface.) Credit: Peking University" (ScitechDaily, New Photon Entanglement Breakthrough Could Miniaturize Quantum Computers)

The photon chain makes it possible to create new types of quantum systems. Those systems can combine data handling and data transportation. The quantum computer in the future can look like a tube, there information travels in light flow in the photon-bound chains. 

The new types of quantum entanglement make it possible to create long-distance quantum data transportation. The idea is that the data travels between photons. Those photons are in chains. 

The system can make it possible to create a quantum chain where the other side is always at the lower energy level. The system can also let one of the photons in the chains to a very low energy level. Then it can dump data into it. After that, the system can raise its energy level. 

If data can travel between curved photon chains. That makes quantum computers more scalable. 

It can transmit information between multiple photons at the same time. But it can transmit identical information between quantum-, or qubit lines.

That ability makes it possible to make more effective error-detection protocols. That kind of system is one of the most fascinating that we can imagine. 

The new photon quantum entanglement makes the new types of quantum computers possible. The quantum computer's "heart": the quantum entanglement can be put into the series. And that means information can travel long distances in that kind of quantum computer. The difference between regular quantum networks is that in this kind of system, the quantum network can also handle data as computers. 

In traditional systems networks just transmit information. And the computer handles it. The quantum network can connect those systems in one entirety. So when this kind of network transports information it also handles it. 

That means a quantum computer can be the tube, there is a bundle of the series of superpositioned and entangled photons. The series of entangled photons have one superiority that the simpler systems have not. The system can cut the photon chain at a certain point. When it wants to transport more information into it. That means the quantum system can create a loop. 

There other systems can transport information in the middle of the process. By connecting multiple loops. That system can make a structure that can handle things more complicated than regular linear quantum computers. The circuit-shaped data handling process can make it possible for the system to make the data circuit, or data loop that allows it to drive calculations as cycles. So the quantum system can calculate series in those circuits. 

https://scitechdaily.com/new-photon-entanglement-breakthrough-could-miniaturize-quantum-computers/

https://www.space.com/space-exploration/tech/scientists-discover-simpler-way-to-achieve-einsteins-spooky-action-at-a-distance-thanks-to-ai-breakthrough-bringing-quantum-internet-closer-to-reality?utm_source=flipboard&utm_content=topic/technology

Can the photon itself be the origin of dark energy?

"AI-generated representation of an accreting supermassive black hole, surrounded by gas spiraling toward it along the equatorial plane (the accretion disk) and emitting powerful winds of matter as it falls in. This representation is based on a NASA’s artist’s concept that illustrates a supermassive black hole with millions to billions of times the mass of our sun. Credit: Emanuela Tortosa, edited" (ScitechDaily, Supermassive Black Holes Defy Physics to Become Cosmic Titans)

Dark matter and dark energy mysteries are heavily entangled with each other. Maybe supernovas, black holes, and new images of photons can solve another of those two mysteries. It's possible. That the photons are the source of dark energy. The ring-shaped structure means that energy that hits the ring travels into the middle of it. And maybe that thing is the source of the mysterious wave movement that rips the universe into pieces. 

If we think that black holes can turn all photons around it into one direction that causes a situation where the photons send the small energy string away from the black hole. And the other energy pike travels to the black hole. We know that photons can store energy that expands their size. That means the black hole's energy may expand the photon so much, that it can close the black hole in it. 

That means the photon can form a ring around the black hole. The model is that the photon is like a skyrmion. And that means it can turn so large. That it can form a ring around supermassive objects. If a photon can form that ring it can pump lots of energy into the black hole. But that is not sure. 

"A new theory, that explains how light and matter interact at the quantum level has enabled researchers to define for the first time the precise shape of a single photon. Credit: Dr. Benjamin Yuen" (ScitechDaily, Quantum Leap: Scientists Reveal the Shape of a Single Photon for the First Time)

Black holes. And especially supermassive black holes defy physics. The thing is that the black hole pulls wave movement and particles into it. Even if we see the black hole as the stoned object those monsters oscillate all the time. 

That thing means that they could make the same thing to gravity fields as time crystals make to electromagnetic wave movement. The black hole pulls energy fields into it. And some of those energy fields start other orbit the event horizon. When strings that form in the photons hit those fields they cause oscillation that we see as gravitational waves. 

The problem with dark energy and the dark gravity effect is that. There is something that causes gravity waves and quantum fields to move. The movement of those things is the thing that we see as gravity and dark energy waves. The problem with dark energy is that nobody knows its origin. 

"Detecting axions via gamma rays from a supernova could unlock the secrets of dark matter, with UC Berkeley researchers pushing for advanced telescopes to ensure we don’t miss this fleeting opportunity. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, A Nearby Supernova Could Finally Solve the Dark Matter Puzzle)

In some models, dark energy is the thing that forms when a gravity wave collapses. The idea is that the gravity wave is the energy ditch or lower energy area that travels in the Higgs field. If a gravity wave faces some other energy wave that energy wave can fall into the energy ditch or gravity wave. And that thing makes the energy impulse through space and time. 

But then we can think of things like supernovas as the things that can confirm the weakly interacting massive particles, WIMP's existence. The major question is always can the WIMP exists, and the other thing is that. Can regular, or visible material turn into the WIMP? 

The model is that when the energy travels out from the material elementary particles can turn flat. And it's possible that those flat particles can rotate around its axle. That turns the WIMP look like a twisted rag. When energy fields hit those particles they form the energy vacuum or energy shadow around that particle. The quantum fields start to travel into that bubble when the distance of the object is far enough. The WIMP is a theoretical object. 

Things like supernova explosions that happen near Earth can uncover the mystery. But it's possible that we must wait for Betelgeuse to explode as a supernova before we can make those observations. 

https://scitechdaily.com/a-nearby-supernova-could-finally-solve-the-dark-matter-puzzle/

https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-leap-scientists-reveal-the-shape-of-a-single-photon-for-the-first-time/

https://scitechdaily.com/supermassive-black-holes-defy-physics-to-become-cosmic-titans/

The ability to make single photons is vital for quantum computers.

The ability to make single photons is vital for quantum computers.

Controlling complex systems requires that system operators have complete knowledge of the system and its interactions.

The problem with error correlation in quantum computers is that the qubits and quantum systems are much more sensitive to outside effects than binary computers. The other problem is that the anomaly that causes a calculation error can also happen during the second calculation. Things like gravity waves are global anomalies that affect all quantum computers. And that thing means that all quantum computers can calculate wrong at the same moment.

The big problem is also that quantum computers are the only things that can check and find errors in another quantum computer's solutions. Binary computers make the same 45-year calculations that quantum computers can make in seconds. And that thing means that outside things like torrents of gravity waves can destroy all the results that the Quantum systems produce. And the problem is that those outside effects can cause anomalous functions in all quantum computers in the world.

Things like changes in the gravity fields on Earth can also affect qubits. And that means the portable quantum systems might need information about the gravity field's strength so those quantum systems can calibrate themselves.

"Los Alamos National Laboratory scientists developed a new method for producing circularly polarized single photons, paving the way for advancements in quantum communication and a potential ultra-secure quantum internet. Credit: Los Alamos National Laboratory" (ScitechDaily.com/Quantum Illumination: Advanced Device Generates Single Photons and Encodes Information) 

The system can make bubbles in quantum fields or qauntum layers using photons. Those things can help to transport information between superpositioned and entangled photons and electron switches.

"Artistic illustration depicts magnetic excitations of cobalt-phthalocyanine molecules, where entangled electrons propagate into triplons. Credit: Jose Lado/Aalto University" (ScitechDaily.com/Tricky Triplons: Scientists Create Artificial Quantum Magnet With Quasiparticles Made of Entangled Electrons)

The next-generation quantum computers require very good, and very accurate ability to control multi-state and multi-layer systems.

The next-generation quantum computers can use multiple multi-state qubits. Those qubits can be networks of triplons. And systems that can create photon pairs. The photons are between those electrons in quantum magnets, called quantum triplons. And that system can make more powerful and portable quantum computers possible. The network of superpositioned photons and electrons is extremely difficult to handle. The system must have the ability to create single photons that it can put between those electrons.

And then information must be transported from those electron pairs to the sender photon, which is in quantum entanglement and superpositioned on the receiving side. The ability to make photons interact with wave movement makes it possible to stop photons at the precise point between electrons. Then the system must drive energy to that photon so that it can create superposition and quantum entanglement with some other photon.

Then the energy level of the transmitter side of the quantum entanglement will rise higher than that of the receiving side. And the system can start to drive information into that system. The receiving part just pulls energy away from the receiving side. The key element in quantum systems is that the transmitting or active side in superposition must be at a higher level.

If superpositioned and entangled particles are at the same energy level, standing waves between those particles push them away. The electron pairs can transmit energy away from the receiving side, which helps to keep the difference in energy levels in superpositioned and entangled particles.

The ability to create lots of single photons allows the system to replace photons that flew away when the quantum entanglement reached the same level. The network-based, ultra-small systems are extremely complicated to handle. The system might have multiple quantum states, like photon and radio wave states. The system must know precisely the energy level of the qubits before they can transport information.

Things like gravitational waves and even differences in Earth's gravitational field make it possible that there are differences between real and calculated values in qubits. That thing destroys the information that the qubit should transport because the receiving system doesn't know at what level or state the system loads the information.

The quantum computer is 45 years faster than any binary computer. That is both the biggest opportunity and the biggest weakness in quantum computing. Only another quantum computer can check the calculations that those extremely powerful systems can make. Of course, it is possible to perform the calculation twice. However, the problem is that there could be some anomaly that cannot be predicted during the second calculation. Things like gravitational waves that can shake the qubits are collective anomalies. They affect all Quantum computers at the same time.

https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-illumination-advanced-device-generates-single-photons-and-encodes-information/?expand_article=1

https://scitechdaily.com/tricky-triplons-scientists-create-artificial-quantum-magnet-with-quasiparticles-made-of-entangled-electrons/?expand_article=1

https://technologyandfuture4.wordpress.com/2023/08/26/the-ability-to-make-single-photons-is-vital-for-quantum-computers/

The photonic mystery.

The photon is a particle that transmits electromagnetism. Sometimes photon is called a "particle of light". And that particle is the fastest known thing in the universe. The thing that makes a photon a mystery is that it doesn't have mass. 

That causes a very problematic situation because the existence of a particle requires mass. And another mystery of photons is how they can transport energy without mass. 

Because of their existence. The ability to carry energy requires that particles have mass. The regular way to think is that requirement for existence is mass. 

But then we can think that maybe the photon's energy level is the same as its environment. That means there is no energy transfer between the photon and its environment. If the information will not travel between the particle and its environment. That means the particle's mass is very hard or impossible to measure. 

Because the speed of a photon is the speed of light the photon is a stable or static condition. In that model, the photon delivers as much energy as it gets from the environment. So photon's energy level compared to its environment is the same as the energy level in its environment.  

The quantum gravitational model is that the particle is hot, neutral, or cold. Cold particle means that energy travels to that particle. And that forms the quantum-size low-pressure. And that is one version of quantum gravitation. 

The hot particle means that energy travels away from the particle. The neutral state or neutral particle means. That energy will not travel to the particle or away from the particle. That means the particle is neutral. And there is no time in that particle. 

If the photon is a so-called neutral particle. There is a possibility that the energy travels over or through the photon. That means the photon delivers all energy that it gets away. So when a photon impacts the wall. That means. Photon delivers barrier energy. That is stored inside it just in the impact moment.

In this model, energy is like the string that travels over or through the photon. When a photon impacts the barrier. The string that is interacting with the photon just at that moment jumps forward. And that causes the energy impact to the wall. 

https://shorttextsofoldscholars.blogspot.com/

Could gravitation form when quarks are moving back and forth?

There is one forgotten version of the gravitation theory. The idea in this theory is gravitation forms when particles inside protons and neutrons oscillate. When the size or the distance of those particles changes. That thing forms an effect that is like a pump. So the gravitational effect forms when quarks are moving back and forth inside their quantum field. If that movement forms gravitation, it will explain things like gravitational waves. 

When the distance of quarks inside protons and neutrons expands, that motion forms quantum low pressure between those particles. That low pressure causes the electromagnetic- or quantum fields are dropping between those particles. So could that thing be gravitation? That explains why planets are the gravitational centers. 

There are lots of protons and neutrons. And when the quarks that form those particles are moving back and forth that thing causes an electromagnetic pumping effect where the force of the quantum field between those particles changes. 

When those quarks are closing each other they are forming a standing quantum wave between them. And in that case that virtual particle will send wave motion or gravitational waves to the universe. That thing explains gravitational waves. 

The mystery of gravitation is an interesting thing. There is a possibility that mysterious gravitons are only oscillating quantum fields. When the size of the particles is turning smaller. That thing also causes the position where escaping quantum field forms the electromagnetic low-pressure zone that pulls quantum fields to that particle. 

The pulling effect of the gravitation forms. When the particle rides with wave motion that falls to the gravitational center that model is true. The gravitation effect is similar to other fundamental forces. 

That means electromagnetic wave motion travels through a hole that is in the middle of those three quarks. That means those waves are traveling in and out from three quarks. And the incoming electromagnetic field or radiation forms the cone that causes scattering to the outcoming electromagnetic field. 

The idea is that when the distance between those quarks increases that pulls the quantum field through it. That quantum field continues its journey. And the same effect happens on both sides. There is the possibility that the impacting electromagnetic or quantum fields are forming a quantum bubble in the middle of those quarks. 

That bubble pushes radiation away from it. Around that bubble is forming an area that is at a lower energy state than the quark. And that forms bridges or gluons between those quarks. The outcoming energy can travel between those bridges. And maybe that is one form of gravitation. 

The thing that might make photons unique is that they are somehow slight. Maybe the thing that explains the photon's speed is that the particle's quantum field somehow pulls energy inside it as much as it delivers. The interesting thing is that the speed of light is lower in the medium can be explained in this way. 

The medium pulls the energy away from the photon faster than a vacuum. But fast-moving particle replaces the lost energy. In a vacuum, the photon travels at the same speed as wave motion. So because quantum fields cannot fly out from photons. That means those particles' speeds will not decrease. 

https://miraclesofthequantumworld.blogspot.com/

Why do photons have no mass?

When we are looking at the two forms of light, particles and wave motion we can try to find the answer to the strange abilities of the photon. There is the possibility that when a photon stretches to wave motion or superstring it turns flat. So when a photon hits particles its impact area is so small, that it cannot cause enough large-size impact area. 

The situation is similar to when a bullet hits the house. That bullet cannot destroy or affect all houses because the impact area is so small. So the bullet makes a small hole in that house. 

Same way when a flat photon or superstring travels in space. And impacts material. There is the possibility that it just pushes the quantum field around particles away. The idea is that the particle's quantum field is not a uniform structure. The quantum fields around particles are a series of superstrings or quantum lightning that is forming a structure that looks like a whisk. 

The force of that quantum lightning or quantum strings can be unique. And that makes it possible that qubits can have multiple quantum states at the same time. 

When photons are impacting quantum lightning. It will transfer energy to those quantum strings. That energy pushes those quantum strings away from each other. It makes it possible that photons can tunnel themselves through particles. This thing denies interaction between the photon and other particles. 

So could the tunneling effect be the reason why the interaction between photons and other particles is so weak that measuring the mass of the photon is hard or even impossible to measure? Or is the impact area of photons so small that it starts to tunnel through the particles before the measurements can be done? 

https://miraclesofthequantumworld.blogspot.com/

Mass, energy, and photons.

Nothing else can reach the same speed as photons. Photon is a particle that seems to have no mass. But as I wrote many times before photons should have mass. The reason for that is that without mass photons cannot transport energy. And without this ability lasers and other things will not work. 

Ernst Rutherford said once that "certainly photon must have mass". But nobody measures that mass yet. In some theories the photon is only so "hairy" or its quantum field "shines" that photon flows away from other particles.  

So, could the answer for that be found in the photon's ability to be at the same time wave motion and particle? There is the theory that a photon is "flat" when it travels in space. That flat form would be the result of tunneling. That means the photon is very close to the thing called the superstring. And if the photon is like tape when it hits the medium wall that means the impact area of energy is so small that it's hard to measure. 

When a photon hits to quantum fields of the atoms it adjusts them to a higher energy level. And then those particles are sending energy quantum that pushes them away from each other. 

How do photon clones themselves?

When a photon's energy level rises it acts like all other particles. When energy stress ends the photon sends energy quantum.  And then that energy quantum stresses other particles. That causes a chain reaction where those particles resend photons until the quantum system reaches a minimum energy level. 

Sometimes I wrote that maybe a photon is a stable particle that sends wave motion. The idea of that thing was that a photon can clone itself. Or create other photons. The fact is that those photons are not forming from nothingness. The minimum energy principle also affects photons.

 And they attempt to reach a minimum energy level like all other particles. The minimum energy principle means that an object (particle, molecule, etc.) attempts to reach the same energy level as its environment.  So researchers can rise the photon's energy level, stressing them with electromagnetic radiation like magnetic fields. 

When the energy stress of a photon ends it sends radiation impulse to other particles around it. That radiation impulse or wave motion will adjust the energy level of the quantum fields higher level. And then those particles are sending energy quantum or photon when radiation stress ends. That is the thing that transforms matter visible. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon

https://miraclesofthequantumworld.blogspot.com/

Can a hypothetical tachyon be the thing that forms photons?

 

Byt the way, this image above this text could introduce the situation that the hypothetical tachyon particle drops from the fourth dimension to our third dimension. That ring could be the shock wave that the tachyon forms when its speed decreases under the speed of light. Then that particle forms the Higgs boson and the power field that is like the lens.

That lens focuses on the radiation that comes from the higher dimension to one point. And the question is could that thing in the focus be the photon. So that means the photon's form can be like the parallel bites of wave movement or superstrings. That could explain why the photon has no mass. The energy or information travels from photons so fast that this thing cannot interact. 

The particles that are in the highest possible energy level in the third dimension can make quantum entanglement with the particles that are at the lowest energy level in the fourth dimension. And we can think that the hypothetical tachyon is on the lowest energy level in the fourth dimension. The reason why we cannot see tachyon is simple. When that particle drops from the fourth dimension it transforms into some other particles like the Higgs boson. And there is the possibility. 

That photon is the particle that is released when the tachyon impacts with the third dimension. So tachyon exists only in the fourth dimension. And the reason for that is that the hypothetical particle has so high an energy level that the third dimension cannot close it inside it. When tachyon drops out from the fourth dimension. Its existence as tachyon ends. The existence of a tachyon requires so high energy level that this particle jumps to the fourth dimension. 

The key element of that theory is that the fourth dimension is the energy level. So when the hypothetical tachyon drops to the third dimension it loses its energy forming the shock wave. When we are saying that the particle drops from the fourth dimension we can say that it loses so much energy that the fourth dimension cannot keep it inside. 

So tachyon drops to the third dimension. In that process, it loses energy so fast that the shock wave is forming. The energy flows from higher energy points to lower energy areas. The thing that can make the tachyon drop to the third dimension is that it makes quantum entanglement with the particle that is in the third dimension. 

And that thing means that the particle in the third dimension pulls that tachyon from the fourth dimension to the third dimension. When that thing happens the particle releases its energy in the form of wave movement. That wave movement can be the thing that focuses photons in our spacetime. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four-dimensional_space

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tachyon

https://miraclesofthequantumworld.blogspot.com/

The stable nuclear fireballs (Photons part II)

Photons and their unique abilities are an interesting thing.  Photons can transport energy and they can also be acting like wave movement. Those particles are known for a very long time. The person who described photons was Albert Einstein, but Sir Isaac Newton first noticed that light has particle and wave movement forms. 

So the thing is that we know that photons are particles that can carry the electromagnetic force. And they can also act as wave movement and particles. The thing that makes photon also interesting is that particle is the only known particle that can travel with the speed of light. 

The question is why only photons have those abilities? Why the particle can carry energy without mass? All other particles can also make that thing but they have a mass. But how photons can be so different? Photons are not interacting with electromagnetic fields. They are themselves neutral. 

When we are thinking about the reason why photons are so different one of the things that can make photons have those abilities is that photons can be some kind of bag, as I wrote yesterday. The empty electromagnetic field that stays in its form because of the pressure of the outside quantum fields can explain those abilities. 

The soap-bubble photons are causing an interesting theorem. The thing that detonates the soap bubble is the incoming pressure. The thing that makes the soap bubble in its form is the balance between the air pressure. 

And internal pressure of the soap bubble. If the outcoming pressure is turning too weak, that thing causes the soap bubble is turning too big. The reason why the soap bubble explodes is that there is a limited material mass on its core. So sooner or later, there is a little hole in the bubble. And then that hole will rip the soap bubble into pieces. 

Theoretically, if the nuclear weapon explosion will push inside, by using electromagnetic wave movement. There is the possibility to make a stable fireball. If an electromagnetic wave movement has the right force that denies the fireball from erupting its power to air can make that kind of phenomenon possible. 

When particles are starting to travel outside the nuclear explosion they create the doppler field. Normally that field turns weaker and weaker when the time from the explosion is going on. But if there is possible to create the ball-shaped counter wave. That thing can stabilize the fireball. 

The reason why the fireball of the nuclear explosion vanishes. Is the same why the soap bubble is exploding. The force of the nuclear explosion is so high that the fireball is expanding. When the nuclear fuel of the bomb ends that thing causes the fireball and the wave that travels at the front of it starts to deliver more energy than they get. 

So sooner or later that doppler wave is so cold that the air can push it back. But if there is pushed more energy or create the ball-shaped counter doppler wave around that fireball it can turn stable. But the thing is that there is no technology for that thing. 

https://www.livescience.com/what-are-photons

The mystery of photons

"The finding of the Majorana boson demonstrates that photons can be “split” into halves. Credit: Animation by LaDarius Dennison"  (Wikipedia/“Split” Photons – New Research Predicts the Existence of a Previously-Unimaginable Particle)

Photon is a particle that has no mass, but it can transmit energy. It's the only elementary particle that can reach the speed of light. And there is a question why this thing is possible? The reason why a single photon can carry information is that its core is not slight. There are waves at the core of that particle. And those waves make it possible that photons can carry information. 

Photons should have a mass that can transmit energy. Or actually, there is one thing that can explain this strange ability. That thing is connected with splitting photons. 

In quantum computer tests. Researchers recognized that photons can at least virtually split into two pieces. The virtual splitting means that the photon superposition itself with some other particle.

Sometimes researchers thought that a photon is two particles connected by some kind of small particle that is invisible. So the photon could be two photons. If photons are a two-photon quantum system that requires that the connection with those photons is extremely strong. 

And there could be something that connects those photons.  So, could that connector be a hypothetical graviton? But there is another thing that can make this connection interesting. 

Could photons be an empty quantum bubble? 

The one form of particles is ghost particles. The energy fields that are making bubbles. Some of those bubbles are very short-living. But there is the possibility that photon is the quantum version of the soap bubble. The energy bubble stays in its form because of the pressure of the outside quantum field. 

The elementary particles are hard to split. But quantum fields are quite easy to split and share. 

So one of the explanations for the special abilities of the photon is that is an empty energy field. The energy field can carry energy. And outcoming quantum fields are keeping those bubbles in form. Just like soap bubbles are keeping their form because of outcoming pressure. When the soap bubble is going too high the pressure will end. And that thing causes the explosion of that bubble. When we are transferring that model to the quantum world the destruction of photon means that the bubble turns to wave movement or superstring. 

Can we find the answer to that phenomenon from the strong nuclear interaction? 

Could gluons connect Majorana or some other fermions? The Majorana fermion was predicted in 1937 by the Italian theoretical physicist Ettore Majorana. Still, mostly hypothetical Majorana fermion has its antiparticle. There are some weak observations about that particle that acts like fermion. (Wikipedia/Majorana fermion)

And sometimes there is suspicion that the Majorana Fermion is some well-known Fermion that has a previously unknown energy state. That thing can explain why nobody made a confirmed observation of that particle that should be easy to find. 

And in 2020 there were the first observations about those hypothetical fermions. So there is a strong possibility that Majorana fermion exists. (MIT News/ First sighting of mysterious Majorana fermion on a common metal)

Can gluons form the electron crystals along with electrons? Or can gluons connect things like photons?  Gluons are particles that connect quarks to protons and neutrons. But is it possible that gluons can connect also photons and electrons to balls called photons and electron crystals? Could those hypothetical particle groups be real? 

The strong nuclear interaction or strong nuclear force is the interaction between quark and gluon. That means there are particles called gluons in protons and neutrons. And they are connecting quarks to one entirety. The gluon is the transmitter particle of the strong nuclear interaction that connects quarks to one entirety. 

But could gluons connect also other elementary particles together? Can gluon make connections between electrons? If that thing is possible and can be proven. That ability would make it possible to see a new type of material. If gluons can connect electrons to a stable structure. That thing makes it possible to make the new type of electron crystals. 

That kind of hypothetical gluon-electron crystals can be the possibility to create invisible material. When outcoming radiation hits those electron crystals. Those electrons are sending photons of light quanta. And that light quanta can fall the wave movement that impacts to those electron crystals.

https://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Strong_nuclear_force

https://scitechdaily.com/nuclear-reactor-helps-scientists-catch-and-study-ghost-particles/

https://scitechdaily.com/split-photons-new-research-predicts-the-existence-of-a-previously-unimaginable-particle/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elementary_particle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fundamental_interaction

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost_(physics)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gluon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majorana_fermion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neutron

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Model

Image 1) https://scitechdaily.com/split-photons-new-research-predicts-the-existence-of-a-previously-unimaginable-particle/

Image 2) https://news.mit.edu/sites/default/files/styles/news_article__image_gallery/public/images/202004/MIT-Majorana-Gold-01_0.jpg?itok=X9AwFkN_

Is gluon the mysterious graviton?

   

So are gluon, photon and graviton the same particle? That means the graviton would be a very well-known particle. That has some ability that researchers have not noticed yet. 

If we think that gravitation is an interaction there is forming the energy channel between objects there is the possibility that gravitational interaction requires some kind of resonance. So if we think that gravitation is the interaction that affects every single particle in the universe we might think that graviton is some well-known particle. 

And that thing makes me think, that could the graviton be the usual thing? That usual thing should be involving almost all other particles. And one of the most usual particles in the universe is gluons. Gluons are locking quarks to protons and neutrons. 

So if we think that we can split photons into two pieces. That makes it possible that photon is two particles. Some energy bridge would connect those particles. If we use the terms that are meant for operating at the molecular world there is lower energy pressure in that channel than in other places. 

 Or is there a small particle between those photons? And of course, there is the possibility that the photon itself is gluon and graviton. That means it has a form that we just don't know yet.  

There is introduced an idea that there is formed synthetic gravitational waves. By orbiting protons in the particle accelerator. If the speed of protons or some heavier ions would be high enough. That thing makes it possible to create synthetic gravitational waves. The idea is that the quarks and gluons are turning in a straight line when the speed of the proton is high enough. 

Maybe that thing can answer to questions, "are gluon and graviton the same thing"? There is the theory that gluon is the mythical graviton. There is an idea that the gluons are making an electromagnetic vacuum behind them. And those extremely small WARP bubbles will pull quarks to one entirety. 

So the source of the gravitational waves would be in the movement of those gluons. But also the spin of the protons can send the quantum gravitation. The idea about the pushing gravitation is in the idea that there is an electromagnetic vacuum near the object. 

And that vacuum or electromagnetic low pressure will cause the outcoming radiation to push objects to the gravitational center. So there is the channel where is lower electromagnetic pressure between objects. And that means the gravitational energy travels in the border of that electromagnetic channel that pushes objects together. 

The thing is that the energy travels from the gravitational center to the orbiting object. That object will throw the gravitational wave away from it. And that thing makes one very interesting thought in my mind. If we think that gravitational waves are radiation. And if the gravitational interaction requires some kind of resonance. That makes one interesting question: is material where the gravitation has no effect exists? 

https://scitechdaily.com/split-photons-new-research-predicts-the-existence-of-a-previously-unimaginable-particle/

https://scitechdaily.com/split-photons-new-research-predicts-the-existence-of-a-previously-unimaginable-particle/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graviton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark

https://thoughtsaboutsuperpositions.blogspot.com/

Split photons predicted the new unimaginable particle's existence.

 Split photons predicted the new unimaginable particle's existence. 

"The finding of the Majorana boson demonstrates that photons can be “split” into halves. Credit: Animation by LaDarius Dennison" (ScitechDaily/“Split” Photons – New Research Predicts the Existence of a Previously-Unimaginable Particle)

The split photon called "Majorana bosons" is the thing that gives an idea that maybe there are particles in the photons. If the photon is not an elementary particle in the group of bosons. That means we are facing a new type of physics. So we must rethink the standard model. If the photon is not a boson or even an elementary particle it should be like some hadron. Or rather say pion or kaon. 

So is photon some kind of meson? The future will show that thing. But the idea that there is some kind of particles inside the photon is interesting. There is of course possible that the "Majorana-fermion" could exist in the photons. But there is possible that the "Majorana-fermions" can also involve some other particles. The best candidate for Majorana-particle is the neutrino. And it's also possible that there is also Majorana boson. That means that maybe Majorana missed something and the Majorana-particle is a boson. 

Majorana fermions are enigmatic particles that act as their antiparticle themselves. And Majorana fermions were first hypothesized to exist in 1937. They are of immense interest to physicists. Their unique properties could allow researchers to use those particles. For the construction of a topological quantum computer. 

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/01/200103141035.htm

Image 2.

The existence of the Majorana fermions predicted Italian physicist Ettore Majorana in 1937.  "In supersymmetry models, neutralinos—superpartners of gauge bosons and Higgs bosons—are Majorana". (Wikipedia, Majorana fermions) 

But the question is. Could there in the "Majorana-particle" some even smaller particles? 

If Majorana-particle is in photon, that we have thought being elementary particle in the group of bosons. Why that "Majorana-particle", cannot be some kind of meson? Or a member of another hadron group? Maybe those Majorana particles are members of not yet group of hadrons. 

Or are there missing particles inside pions or kaons? When we are thinking that as an example pion is forming of the quark and antiquark pair, what is the thing that denies the annihilation of that particle pair? Is there some small particle between them? 

When our knowledge of the matter and fundamental states of the time, space, energy, and particles and their interaction. We are facing one of the most fascinating things in the universe. What is the thing that limits the speed of light? 

The idea that photons split in two seems insane. But the researchers are founded cases, where photon splits. And that thing gives a tip. That maybe there is some yet unknown particle inside photons. Maybe that unimaginable particle can answer the question of why nothing can travel faster than the speed of light. There is the possibility that this particle that we might call a "sub photonic particle" is the graviton. Graviton is a hypothetical transportation particle of gravitation. But those things are only hypotheses. 

https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2020/01/200103141035.htm

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fermion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graviton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majorana_fermion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Model

Image 1:https://scitechdaily.com/split-photons-new-research-predicts-the-existence-of-a-previously-unimaginable-particle/

Image 2: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_Model

The DARPA-funded researchers accidentally created the first WARP bubble.

 The DARPA-funded researchers accidentally created the first WARP bubble. 

The hypothetical WARP technology means that the engine moves the space from the movement direction to backward. That thing means. That when the speed of the craft is near the speed of light. It will pull the particles or wave movement against it. Even if the WARP drive cannot cross the speed of light it would be the most fundamental system ever created. 

In the WARP technology, the craft is in the bubble of the normal space. In that bubble are the conditions where the craft can virtually cross the speed of light. The thing is that even if the speed of the craft is only 99,99% of the speed of light. That thing denies the aging of the crew. 

The WARP craft would be the chamber that is in a stable location. And then the ions would make whirl around it. This kind of system would make it possible to travel in time to the future. But returning is difficult. 

The WARP bubble is possible to make. At least on an extremely small scale. The WARP bubble is the thing that is predicted to make the craft travel with a speed that is higher than the speed of light. The WARP bubble is the thing that is created around the spacecraft. 

And the craft is inside the bubble, where the quantum fields are removed. The idea is that the jet of the engine will push against the wall of the bubble. And then the craft could travel faster than the speed of light. So this is the idea of the futuristic WARP-craft design. 

There are two types of possible WARP bubbles. The positive and negative WARP-bubbles. The positive WARP bubble means an extremely strong magnetic field that removes the crossing quantum fields around the craft. And the negative WARP bubble is the so-called "bubble of nothingness". Or the area where the quantum fields are removed. 

The high-speed is the thing that denies that energy starts to flow away from the craft. So kinetic energy is the thing that would deni the material aging. Or maybe that thing would not work in a bubble of nothingness. The reason for that is the replacement of energy requires the quantum fields where energy is moving to the craft. 

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The accelerating of the craft would happen by using four stages of engines.

1) Nuclear rockets 

2) Ion engines

3) Electron or positron-electron impact engine

4) Photon engine

The thrust of the photon engine is so weak that all other engine types will use to accelerate the craft to a speed that is the highest as possible. And finally, the system uses the photon engines where the thrust is created by using photons. 

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The reason why the last couple of percent of the speed of light is hardest to reach. Is that the energy is transferring to craft from the faster particles. The small size of photons causes that they cannot transfer so much energy to the craft than protons and electrons. 

The photon is higher energy than the electron if they would have the same size. But the mass and size of a photon are smaller. And that causes that the electron is transferring more energy to the craft. If we want to create a craft that is traveling faster than the speed of light. We should just make conditions that photons or electrons are traveling faster than the speed of light travels. 

That thing can make by creating a negative WARP bubble or bubble of nothingness at the nozzle of the engine. In that bubble is no quantum fields. And then the particles would shoot in it. That thing causes that the particles can travel faster than the speed of light or photons to travel outside of the bubble. Then the bubble causes that the energy of those particles would start to travel faster to the walls of that bubble. 

And that makes the craft is getting smaller and smaller energy load all the time. Then the final thing that can push the craft is photons. 

But the WARP-bubbles are suitable tools for quantum computing and quantum data transmission. In that case, the qubit will cover by using the extremely small-  and quantum-size WARP bubbles. 

The thing is that those qubits are hovering in the WARP bubble, and that bubble should protect the data. The positive quantum size WARP-bubbles can make that thing possible. The negative WARP bubbles can also use to remove the data from the qubits in an extremely accurate position. 

But the problem is that the bubble of nothingness would make the energy travel away from the qubit with extremely high speed. That means the qubit can also be seen, or the third part can measure its states from a longer distance By using negative WARP-bubbles is possible to make the long-range quantum communication. 

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/no-warp-bubble/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Warp_drive

https://thoughtsaboutsuperpositions.blogspot.com/

Why does a high-energetic photon tunnel itself through the walls?

EM-spectrum

The photon is wave movement and particle at the same time. The thing that somehow supports the idea that the photon is some kind of black hole is that the high-energy photon that transmits the gamma- and X-rays can travel through the walls. The thing that makes the high-energy photon travel through the strongest wall is probably that the quantum field of that thing is turning smaller. 

When the energy level of the photon is rising it will turn to the mass of that particle. So the rise of the energy level means that the particle inside the quantum field pulls that field to it. The size of the high-energetic particle is smaller than the low energetic. 

The rising energy level means that the mass of the particle is rising. And then we must understand that photon is both wave movement and the particle. So which is the form of the photon that travels through the walls in the high-energetic gamma- and X-rays. 

Is the photon in particle form where it is like a "ball" or in the form of the photon the "tape" that will slip between quantum fields of the material? If we are thinking that the photon is the wave that is squeezed to the size or form of the 2D waves. When we are thinking that the photon is the particle and wave movement at the same time. We can say that the particle-form photon is turning flat when it turns to wave movement. 

That thing can explain. Why the photon which has an extremely high energy level can travel through the walls. The high-energetic or short wavelength radiation can travel through the strongest walls. And the reason for that is that the high-energetic photons are releasing energy so slowly that the radiation has extremely personable immersion. One of the most personable immersive radiation is neutron radiation. 

When the energy impulse of the hydrogen bomb hits the neutron it would release the extra energy as the wave movement or photon that can travel through the thickest walls. That thing means that there is no other thing that causes resonation than other neutrons. And that makes the neutron radiation so pervasive. 

But the question is what is the form of a photon when it makes that thing? The question about the form of the photon might seem useless. But the thing that makes the X- and gamma-rays travel through the walls might someday make it possible to create the interstellar spacecraft or the incredible observation tools. If we can make the photon travel through the walls in the form of wave motion and then turn that wave movement back to the particle. 

That thing is making it possible to cause interaction between the photon and its environment. In that interaction, the photon that travels through the walls in the form of the wave movement turns to a particle, and then it sends the radiation. But can we someday adjust that thing? If we can adjust that process we can create the thing that sends radiation precisely to the point where we want. And that thing can create the new observation tool. 

Or make the photon that has a wave movement form turn to particle inside the quantum field of the atom. That thing can cause the situation that if the light quantum hits the electron that thing can send the photon that travels faster than photons travel in normal space. That thing can cause that this kind of photon travels faster than light travels in normal spacetime. The other quantum fields are not affecting that photon because it is formed in the quantum field of an atom. That quantum field protects it against the scattering of the other quantum fields. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_tunnelling

https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/

A couple of words about photons

The photon is the particle of light. Or actually, the photon is particle and wave movement at the same time. The thing that the light is a particle and wave movement caused an idea about wave-particle duality. The idea is that all material is wave movement and particles at the same time. So when I'm writing about photon as a particle I mean also the wave movement form of that particle. 

The speed of the photon is always top. Nothing can reach its speed, and that means its fastest known particles. There is no time at the "surface of the photon" and the thing that makes it interesting is that photon has no mass. But photon has an energy load which means it can transmit or carry energy between two objects. 

Without that energy, the laser would not work. The thing that makes photons special is that they don't have mass. But if a particle would not have mass it should not have the ability to transport energy. But a photon is transporting energy. And we must just ask if the form of the photon is so complicated that the researchers just cannot measure its mass? 

If the photon is the quantum-size black hole. There is the possibility that the hypothetical graviton and photon are the same particle. The reason is that the photon itself doesn't have measured mass but it can increase the energy level of other particles and objects. So that means the photon could itself be the missing transportation particle of gravitation. When the energy level of the object is rising. That causes that the mass of the object is also rising. 

Sometimes is introduced ideas the photon is the wave movement or particle. That is jumping inside the quantum field. So is photon the quantum-size black hole which energy field is pushing energy outside stronger than gravitation would pull the radiation inside? 

If the size of the radiation bubble around the black hole is larger than the gravitational pulling radius. That means the black hole turns pushing. This thing is possible if the pushing effect of the radiation of the black hole is higher than the pulling effect of gravitation. 

And that kind of thing can happen if the size of the black hole is small enough. In the case of the quantum-size or miniature black holes. Is possible that the radiation at a certain distance from the black hole would win the pulling effect of the black hole's microgravity field. 

If we are thinking possibility that the photon is the black hole that pumps energy around it. There is the possibility that the quantum-size energy field is forming the core which curves the wave moves away from it. The quantum field of the particle is like a ball or regular magnetic field. But it's smaller. 

So if the photon is the quantum-size black hole or graviton? That is smaller than the quark there is the possibility that the black hole is vaporizing less than in seconds. And then the own eruption energy of the quantum-size black hole forms it again. This is one of the things. That might cause that the mass of the photon is very hard to measure. In this case, the photon could be so small that it slips through quarks. 

Sometimes I wrote that is the shine of the photon the reason why its mass is so difficult to notice? At the image above this text is another model of the photon. In this image, the photon is the particle that is jumping inside the quantum field. And whenever the particle or the bite of wave movement is hitting the quantum field. That thing causes that the particular point of the power field will send the energy wave. And if that thing is true the reason why the mass of the photon is unable to measure is that the photon is hovering. 

That means the photon cannot interact with the measurement tools. If it would not strike the measurement tool with a straight angle.  In this model, the reflection of the surface can cause the photon which hits the layer at too gentle an angle to jump away before it can transmit its energy to the layer. This thing would work if the quantum field of the photon is hairy. The hairs are the point where the particle or wave movement interacts with the quantum field that surrounds the photon. 

https://www.zmescience.com/science/what-is-photon-definition-04322/amp/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graviton

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Micro_black_hole

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wave%E2%80%93particle_duality

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_mechanics

Image:https://www.zmescience.com/science/what-is-photon-definition-04322/amp/

https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/

The speed of light is a relative constant.

The speed of light is constant. But it is also relatively constant because the speed of photons is different in different mediums. The curving photon comes to goal after the photon that travels by using straight trajectories. 

And the thing that causes the curving of trajectories of photons is the quantum fields. Outside the universe is no quantum fields. And that means light or photon is traveling there using a straight trajectory. That means two photons can travel in the same direction. But if the other photon travels with a more curving trajectory than the other. That means the other photon that travels less curving trajectory can reach the goal sooner than another photon. 

One interesting thing about the photon or the speed of light is that the gravitation affects the photons. That means that the photon that travels to the center of gravitation travels faster than the photon. That travels away from that point. 

The speed of light in a vacuum is 299792458 meters per second (approximately 300000 km/s, or 186000 mi/s). But the thing that makes the speed of a photon interesting. Is that the speed of light or photons in a medium like water or atmosphere is much lower. Then the speed of a photon is in a vacuum. 

And that thing is seen as the blue light around the nuclear reactors. The blue light is called "Cherenkov' radiation". The origin of "Cherenkov' radiation is in the particles. When those particles travel with the speed of light in a vacuum and hit the water. 

Water decreases the particle's speed to the speed of light in water. The energy cannot disappear and while the particle is slowing, it must transfer the kinetic energy to somewhere. When the particle slows its speed it must pump its energy to somewhere. 

And the energy that is released during the slowing process is visible as the blue light around the nuclear reactors. The same "Cherenkov radiation" causes the blue sky effect. And the blue flash of the particle that slows its speed is used in neutrino detectors. The flash of the light is also used in the free-electron lasers. When the electron is curving it releases the movement energy by sending photons. 

The thing that limits the speed of the light (or the speed of photons) is the scattering. The other photons that impact the photons are slowing their speed. But also the quantum fields around the atoms and other particles cause that the trajectory of those photons is not straight. Because the trajectory of the photon is curving that thing slows the speed of light. 

Outside the universe is no quantum fields. That means photons are traveling faster outside the material bubble called the universe. In that case, the "faster photon" means that the photon that travels by using the straight trajectory is at the goal before the photon that uses a curving trajectory.  

When we are thinking that the universe is the bubble where all material that we know exists. We might think that photons travel faster outside the universe. The reason for that is there are no quantum fields outside the universe. That means the photon can travel by using a straight trajectory. And that means the light travels faster outside the universe. 

The speed of light is not always been the same in the universe. In the young universe, the speed of light was lower than in the modern universe. The reason for that was that the scattering in the young universe was stronger than in the universe today. Youn universe was full of wave movement and traveling electrons where photons impacted. And the trajectories of the photons were more curving than today. 

What if we can create the straight-moving light? The reason why we cannot travel faster than the speed of light. Is that we cannot create exhaust gas that crosses the speed of light. 

Sometimes there is introduced a simple way to make the rocket that travels faster than light. The researchers must just make the light where photons are traveling with straight trajectories. Straight moving photons are faster than the photons that are moving curving trajectories. 

And theoretically, it's enough that the system removes quantum fields around the light source. That thing can make the photons travel faster than they are traveling in regular space. In regular space, quantum fields are making photons curving. And that slows the speed of light or photons.

()https://metro.co.uk/2019/06/10/could-we-ever-travel-faster-than-light-9632400/ 

()https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cherenkov_radiation

()https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Speed_of_light

Image()https://metro.co.uk/2019/06/10/could-we-ever-travel-faster-than-light-9632400/

()https://kimmoswritings.blogspot.com/