There is always the possibility that a nuclear state uses nuclear weapons.

SS-18 (Wikipedia/R-36 (missile))

In this text, the main objective is tactical nuclear weapons. The purpose of strategic weapons is to support the tactical systems. When we are thinking about the difference between tactical and strategic systems the limit between those systems is lower. 

The strategic missile can have tactical missions. And the strategic missile can also have low yield warheads. Also, the tactical missile can have high-yield warheads. And modern strategic missiles can also hit targets on the battlefield. 

If some state has nuclear weapons. There is always the possibility that the state also uses them.  There are two types of nuclear weapons. Tactical and strategic. The range of tactical nuclear weapons is about a couple of hundreds of kilometers. And the range of strategic nuclear weapons is over 2000 kilometers. When we are thinking of tactical nuclear weapons most of them are highly mobile battlefield systems that can sweep the situation away from the battlefield. The yield of the warhead of those missiles is about 1kt. to 12 kt.

 During the Cold War. The Soviets planned to place medium-range R-12 (SS-4) and R-14 (SS-5) missiles in Cuba. The yield of those missile warheads was 1-2,5 mt. and the ranges of those missiles were 2000-3500 or soviet calculated the range of SS-5 about 4500 kilometers. The accuracy of those missiles was not very good. And that's why they had very high yield warheads. Those Soviet missiles had western competitor "Jupiter" tactical missiles. 

Image 2) Ranges of the Soviet missiles in the Cuban missile crisis 1962

Later the other more accurate tactical systems like  RDS-10 Pioneer (SS-20 "Saber"), Pershing 1 and 2, and cruise missiles replaced those first generations' nuclear weapons. Today strategic weapons like RT-23 (SS-24 "Scalpel" ) that were replaced by RT-2 PM Topol (SS-25 "Sickle") can have tactical duties. And the weapons, like "Iskander", can equip with nuclear or conventional weapons. The air-launched version of "Iskander" is "Kinzhal" that can use to attack against tactical and strategic targets. 

The range of those missiles depends on the size of the warhead. The fact is that in the early years of the Cold War the yield of tactical missile warheads could be 4 mt. and the range was about a couple of hundreds of kilometers. That means those missiles could be as well as dangerous to their users as targets. 

There is sometimes suspected. That some of the tactical missiles could be at the silos. For securing some routes to the countries. The tactical nuclear missile can also be a surface-to-air missile that warhead has two tactical roles. The anti-aircraft role is meant to destroy the strategic bombers and the same warheads can use against land troops. 

The tactical missiles have sometimes a "police role". In those cases, the security troops will crush the rebellion in the strategic missile bases by using tactical nuclear missiles.

But as you see there are also other systems like land, ships and aircraft launched cruise missiles, nuclear mines, and nuclear torpedoes. And then the strategic missile systems. Strategic nuclear missiles are the most powerful weapons in the world. The most feared of them is FOBS (Fractional Orbital Bombardment System) which can mean the nuclear weapon that is orbiting the Earth.

There is a contract that denies placing nuclear weapons on the orbiter. But there is the possibility that this contract has been broken. So that means there is the possibility that on the orbiter are satellites that have nuclear bombs inside them. 

There is also suspicion that miniature space shuttles like X-37B and MiG-105 "Spiral" can be used as an extreme version of the kamikaze drones. In those systems, there could be an internal nuclear weapon. 

And the rocket can rise them to the orbiter. There is the possibility that the R-36 (SS-18 "Satan") or RS-28 "Sarmat" (SS-X-29) will equip with one smaller warhead. And that thing gives those super heavy missiles the FOBS capacity. 

The most modern versions of those systems can probably return their warheads from the low Earth orbiter if those systems are not needed. All nations that have nuclear weapons have tactical and strategic weapons. 

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/9K720_Iskander

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_X-37

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cuban_Missile_Crisis

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_Orbital_Bombardment_System

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kh-47M2_Kinzhal

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MGM-31_Pershing

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-105

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PGM-19_Jupiter

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-12_Dvina

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-14_Chusovaya

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-36_(missile)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RS-28_Sarmat

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RT-23_Molode

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RT-2PM_Topol

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RSD-10_Pioneer

Image 1) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/R-36_(missile)

Image 2)https://millercenter.org/the-presidency/educational-resources/jfk-and-cuban-missile-crisis

https://writingsaboutmysteries.blogspot.com/

Artificial intelligence is already here and it's the new "Frankenstein"

Picture I

Kimmo Huosionmaa

As we might see, the artificial intelligence is already here, and it can make very much things, what people would not even be expected. The key to the artificial intelligence is that the machine could learn actions without human control, and this makes it very attractive thing for computer games, what are normally lose they are interesting parts when the player learns the places, where the enemy makes ambushes or some barriers comes ahead of the virtual vehicles.


If the game uses artificial intelligence, the game would stay interesting long time, and if the artificial intelligence can develop new systems for the opponent, would that thing make the next generation computer games possible, and the big difference between those intelligent games and old fashion games would be, that the system can develop new technology for enemies or opponents, and this might keep the game interesting.


But as we know that the same technology, what is used in computer games can be used in real-world military leadership. And as we know the generals and admirals need many opponents when they are creating their tactics and choose their equipment for some military action, and then there would be the very attractive method to use the computer games in mission planning. The thing goes the way,  that military intelligence puts the systems, what the enemy uses to some net game, and then enthusiastic players around the world would play this game, and the information about those virtual fights, would give the generals chance to make better plans for their actions.


We must say that the equipment, what is used in the games, would have the same quality than the systems, what enemy uses, but they might not seem like tanks or other equipment. And the players would not be suspicious about the purpose of some games, what are offered in the net, without any payment. Those simulations would also uncover if some person loses those games on purpose. But when we are talking about the use of artificial intelligence as the military systems, we must say, that there would be possible to make hybrid aircraft, what is same time robot and manned plane. That system can have the option, that if the pilot would be unable to operate, would the computer make the mission accomplished. In this case, would the aircraft have automatized fire control system, what opens fire automatically if the "autofire" button is pushed down.


Those hybrid aircraft can operate independently or manned missions, that makes those planes extremely dangerous. Even the human pilots make  "legal attacks" against the targets, could the ground operators borrow those planes, without telling that thing to the pilots, and then use those planes as a tool for war crimes. And probably the pilots would not know anything about, what those planes have done when they have been at the free time.  The independently operating combat androids are very problematic, because of the states, what creates and develops those things claims that they have no difference for missiles.


And in one case, what would become in my mind, could the F-35 or SU-27 fighters modified as a cruise missile. This undercover missile could fly with other planes of flight groups, and then it can be detonated above the target. In this case, this missile would have the internal nuclear warhead. Or the nuclear bomb can be loaded to some attack drone, and then detonate above the target, and this would make devastating result in the target.

Sources:

Picture I

https://cdn.cnn.com/cnnnext/dam/assets/180213140221-f-35-tease-0213-super-tease.jpg


https://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.com/

Tactical robot aerial vehicles and virtual imaging means virtualization of battlefield

SU-25 "Frogfoot"
(Picture 1)

Kimmo Huosionmaa

When the persons will go to secret bases in some movies, they always use helicopters to transport themselves to the destiny. I always have thought that the helicopters can be used in many secret transportations of personnel, who will not want to know, where they actually are. Those helicopters can be equipped with virtual reality system, what gives the synthetic image in the windows and canopy, and in this case, even the pilot would not see the real scene from outside. This is quite a safe solution, because the only problem about those things, is that helicopter would go too low. The images what would send from VR-systems can be forest and other things, but in the real world, those helicopters would fly above the cities.


This system renders the images, that the buildings might seem like mountains and the scenes would be places like monument valley. Also, GPS systems can give synthetic image from the route, and the pilots might able to flight by following the line. Of course, those helicopters must land, and the landing site might be installed on the top of hydraulic pistons what could lay that level below the earth. And space, where this equipment would be laid, might have extreme good visual effects with blowing wind and 360 degrees panorama, what consists full image of some landscape. This means that those persons would not able to see where they really are, and of course, GPS can give the wrong place at that time. This means that those persons might be staying in the same area at all the time.


Actually, they can be in some factory area in the middle of the city. When we are thinking about the reality, that the pilots of those helicopters might be robots, and when we are thinking about military aviation very clear, we must say, that in the war the treats are the rule. In this scenario, the ”Fire Scout” system might be very easy to install the manned military helicopter, and in this machine, the humans are actually only passengers in that helicopter, but they would not need to know that. So those pilots would go to the mission, by using helicopters what can be taken under control by using remote-control devices. And when the helicopter crew is in the critical situation, the ground operators will take a control, and the results could be very devastating. Especially in the case, the crew of the helicopter is enemy agents.


This would seem very good opportunity to steal the combat helicopter. After that, those pilots would fly it to an enemy base, and suddenly the ground operators will take in under control, and open the fire against that base. The use of robots in battlefields like Syria is the very good idea. In this scenario, the robot airplane would send to killing zone and they can be remote users from the Washington or Moscow. The ground staff need only to re-arm those vehicles because they might use airborne refueling, and if the actions in base seem like somebody try to steal those machines, they could fly away. Those staff might be locals, and the firing equipment will send to the base only when they are needed.



The actions in that base could be watched by robot tanks, what are equipped with grenade launchers and machine guns. Also, the cockpits might be decompressed, and if somebody would go in that plane, the barometric device will destroy the plane immediately. The man-shaped robots could do for surveillance that mission. They must not need to visit in the toilet, and that equipment can sit on the bomb launcher, what is connected to the miniature nuclear device or neutron bomb, what can be very good back up device, when those robots are not wanted to be stolen.

Sources

Picture 1

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/1234581_517453098330576_2077698269_n_%28cropped%29.jpg/300px-1234581_517453098330576_2077698269_n_%28cropped%29.jpg

https://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/


http://crisisofdemocracticstates.blogspot.fi/p/tactical-robot-aerial-vehicles-and.html