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Bacteria played tic-tac-toe.



Researchers taught bacteria to play tic-tac-toe. That thing might not seem very impressive. But the method that those researchers used makes that research almost fundamental method where the right solution will bring prices like nutrient or sugar fluid. And the wrong solution will bring antibiotics. 

These kinds of experiments are our knowledge of how bacteria create resistance against antibiotics. Maybe bacteria learn to avoid antibiotics. The same process that makes bacteria antibiotic-resistant can help to understand autoimmune diseases like allergy and rheumatism. The thing in autoimmune diseases is that the immune system learns to strike against its useful tissues. 

Researchers used the classic Pavlovian teaching methodology for teaching bacteria. The method is based simple idea of punishing/price methodology. Created by Ivan Pavlov. That man invented a methodology called brainwashing. His method is simple. When the subject follows orders that creature get's price. When the subject makes something against the superior. That will cause punishment. That process continues until the action turns automatic. The tic-tac-toe playing bacteria are proving that methodology that Ivan Pavlov created. Works also for bacteria. 

Also in that bacteria experiment, the wanted actions brought price. And non-wanted actions brought punishments. But of course, the bacteria needed some applied method how to use that thing. 

Bacteria reacted to that price-punishment model and learned new skills. This experiment proved that bacteria can make more complicated things that nobody even thought of. Teaching bacteria can bring a new type of medication. The same method that is used for making bacteria play tic-tac-toe can use to make bacteria find harmful cells from the human body. In that case, the bacteria are swimming in the petri dish.

That experiment might involve three layers. Trained bacteria can be the next-generation biorobots. When researchers train bacteria. They use antibiotics. When bacteria do something that is not allowed the non-wanted action causes antibiotic shock. 

1) Bacteria will be put in a dish with harmful cells. That makes bacteria eat them. The idea of the two first stages is to teach bacteria where they can get nutrients. 

2) After that bacteria will transfer to a dish. There are useful cells. When bacteria try to eat those cells that are equipped with the genome. That makes them create antibiotics. 

That means the useful cells give a signal that they cannot use those cells for nutrients. Or otherwise, the attempt to eat useful cells causes antibiotic injection. 

3)  In the third dish could be bacteria with useful cells, and harmful cells. The useful cells are combined with antibiotics. So bacteria must select its nutrient between useful cells and harmful cells. 

When bacteria try to eat useful cells. The antibiotics affect it. And that thing makes bacteria possible to learn what kind of cells they must eat. That thing can use in many things. They can use to improve immune resistance. 

Trained bacteria can remove cancer cells from the human body. They can also use to clean blood vessels. But in things like nanotechnology, trained bacteria can use to move parts of the nanomachines in certain positions. The thing is that researchers don't know how complicated things those bacteria can learn. 


https://brobible.com/culture/article/scientists-taught-bacteria-play-tic-tac-toe/


Image: https://brobible.com/culture/article/scientists-taught-bacteria-play-tic-tac-toe/


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