Cogito ergo sum. I think; therefore I am (René Descartes, French philosopher)

There are two versions of the pulse-detonation wave engines. The first one is the flap scramjet.  That engine is the modified version of the flap jet engine. During WW2, Germans used that engine in a V-1 cruise missile. The flap scramjet is the scramjet engine that has a flap system. When the speed is too slow for ignition of the scramjet engine the system injects an oxygen fuel mixture into that engine.  And that engine uses regular rocket mode until the aircraft is about Mach-6-7 when operators open the air intakes. Then the system can start to use air from the atmosphere. That thing makes the system very powerful and multi-use.  XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX The pistol shrimp has given an idea for PDWS systems.  The idea of the Pulse-Detonation Wave System ( PDWS) is coming from the pistol shrimp. That small shrimp can create a low-pressure bubble in water.  The temperature in that bubble rises to 5000 kelvins. And that thing causes a ...

The first method is to raise the energy level of the particles and make them resonate with the same frequency. Another method is to use two connector particles and use a very low energy level as a medium that transmits information between the systems.  The problem with quantum communication is simple how to adjust those systems in the same frequency. Above this text is Maurits Escher's painting "Waterfall". And that thing can introduce one of the biggest problems with the quantum system.  If we want to change information between two towers of that system, we must adjust those towers in the same frequency. And then make the quantum entanglement between those towers.  Because those towers are part of the same quantum system, there is the possibility to make those crystals resonate and exchange information. But then we can think that the actor that sends information will throw the information from another tower to the next there is the possibility that the information transm...

There are galaxies full of dark matter. And galaxies, there is no dark matter. So in theory, dark matter can form glimpses that we can call planets or dark matter nebulas. The problem is that we can see only the gravitational effect that comes from something invisible. So the second dominating effect in the universe is almost unknown.  Dark matter glimpses send gravitational waves similar way to all other massive targets. And that means when some particle travels through the dark matter nebula that nebula pumps gravitational energy to that particle.  Sometimes introduced a theory that dark matter is virtual material. In that case, the dark matter or that gravitational effect is formed by the maser effect of the gravitational waves. When gravitational waves impact together. They have a similar effect to all other wave motions. When wave motion impacts other wave motion that has the same frequency. That increases the power of the wave motion. Same way as gravitation turns the di...

Cosmologists say that the young universe was "hot", but they don't usually explain what "hot" means. There was a lot more energy in the early universe, and material along with wave motion was thicker than today.  But the universe was not similar as its today. The reflection was stronger and cosmic inflation was extremely strong. Also, radiation was stronger, and that caused the vaporization of material to be slower.  The material was at a higher energy level than it's now. But the base energy level of that system was also higher. And time was different in that system.  The gravitational interaction was also stronger. The reason for that objects was closer to each other. But the electromagnetic interaction was different. The quantum fields and radiation pushed those objects and pumped more energy into them.  In the young universe, two forces fought against each other. Radiation rips the universe into pieces and gravitation pulls objects back together.  The ex...

There is a limit to how powerful the laser can be. The thing that causes this effect is the asymmetry in photon flow. Because, photons are traveling overlapping, that causes internal interaction in laser rays.  There are always little differences in energy levels of photons that are in the different positions in laser rays. And that thing causes turbulence in the coherent light. In that case, the turbulence causes a lack of energy.  There is a possibility to increase the power of the laser ray by putting photons traveling in lines. If photons are forming straight wall-looking structures they are not disturbing each other so much. And that thing makes it possible to increase the power of the laser ray.  The thing that destroys the target is heat expansion. Or actually, the thing in the heat expansion destroys material is the end of the radiation. When energy stress ends, that thing causes the situation where the particle delivers its extra energy as the radiation impulse. ...

The quantum computer is the most powerful tool in the world. But when we connect another powerful tool, artificial intelligence to the quantum computer, we can make an even more powerful tool.  The thing that makes AI a powerful tool is its ultimate accuracy. The AI can find similarities in the system. If something in the system seems similar to others. But in different size systems, the AI can simply use calculations or mathematical formulas that are made for another system and then scale those things for another system.  The idea is simple. If the AI would be the designer who uses the CAD program that designer can make the ball. And then that designer can simply put the same ball in every image, that this person makes. The only thing that this person must do is to change the diameter of the ball. When the designer wants to use that ball, that person must only click the menu where the forms are. And then select the ball from there.  If that process is automatized the des...

Image: Pinterest Some people are worrying if AI is making things like the thesis. The fact is that AI can make things that seem very academic and qualified. But the text itself has no sense. Why computer cannot make that thing like humans?  If we want to make an AI that can find information from the Internet we must select some method that this system uses for selecting the texts that it connects to the document. Using linear programming methodology is almost impossible to create text that is suitable for anything.  In that model, the system selects a group of texts. And then it starts to connect them to one entirety. The system can put those texts in cerrtain order by putting their hashtags in alphabetical order.  And then the system can start its operation. The first paragraph is taken from the first text.  The second one is taken from the second text. And by using this method the system will make nice-looking ten-paragraph text.  The problem is that the syste...

When we are thinking about three interactions, strong interaction or weak nuclear force, and electromagnetism the reason for their ability to interact only in short distances can be simpler than we ever thought. The reason for that short-distance interaction is that the particles that are interacting are so small.  When the boson starts to transmit force it will turn to wave motion before it can start affecting the particle. The small size of those particles like quarks causes the wave motion cannot form a vacuum on the other side of the particle.  But the thing about gravitation is that seems to interact the wrong way. Gravitation should travel away from the gravitational center. This is the reason why black holes send gravitational waves. But why that thing pulls objects together? When all other particles send energy they are oscillating. And that oscillation breaks the bonds between those particles. Why gravitation acts otherwise?  The gravitational effect acts opposit...

Theoretical wormholes or Einstein-Rose bridges are the energy channels between black holes. Those energy channels can bring information from another black hole to another without caring for time. The reason for that is that those energy channels are empty. The gravitational whirl that closes the space inside those wormholes makes it possible that there are no quantum fields inside those channels.  The wormholes can form between the black holes that oscillate at the same frequency and the resonance makes it possible that the Einstein-Rose bridge can form between those black holes. So the wormhole is the superposition of the black holes. The thing is that black holes that are connected by wormholes form quantum entirety. That is superpositioned and entangled. So it can change infiórmation.  The gravitational tornado will deny the outside quantum field's effect inside that channel. When a wormhole forms the black holes pull all quantum fields and particles from inside the gravita...

Dart spacecraft impacted its target "Dimorphos"-asteroid. The NASA plan was to test planetary defense against asteroids. The biggest problem with planetary defense is that most of the asteroids that cause threats are quite small.  The probe must use advanced AI for finding the right asteroid. Then it must find the position. That is the most effective for turning asteroids. And then impact in that precise target.  The probe must use advanced AI for finding the right asteroid. Then it must find the position. That is the most effective for turning asteroids. And then impact in that precise target.  That is also a lucky thing because turning the small asteroid away from its trajectory is easy. If that asteroid is located before impact. If that asteroid can push away from its trajectory that system doesn't need nuclear weapons.  But if there is needed to use nuclear explosives the spacecraft can land on the surface of the asteroid. And then that system can drill the nucle...

The universe is full of systems. And actually, it is the system itself. But if we want to make things like quantum computers, we must limit the number of participants. Or the system turns too hard to control.  When you make systems, first you must separate the system's actors from another entirety. Or the system turns impossible to control. The participant of the quantum system is quantum particles and electromagnetic fields.  Systems turn very complex easily if they are too big. In the system, every participant has a role. If some participants' energy level is too low. That means the other participants must deliver energy to it. And if one participant's energy level is too high, it shares energy with other participants. If all participants are at the same energy level. That means information cannot travel in the system.  When you want to make some kind of system, you must separate the participants of systems from the environment. Otherwise, the communication with those p...

Consciousness is not intelligence. When we are talking about consciousness, we must understand one thing. Almost all animals in the world have consciousness. That means things like leopards are defending themselves and their descendants if they are under attack.  Those animals hunt for eating, but when we are looking at that thing more carefully, we can notice that those cats are making all things in the same way. Reflexes control every action of those animals.  Reflexes are the things that are automatized actions. And those automatized actions cause animals like hedgehogs are dying under cars. The reason for that is those animals are defending themselves by using pikes. Those pikes not planned to stand against cars. And that causes death for those animals.  Even bacteria can react to attack. It has a chemical brain in the form of the DNA plasmid. And when something damages the membrane of bacteria. It "knows" how to react to that thing. There are chemical marks in the pr...

When we are thinking about the case. Where the human blood cannot transport oxygen we can use genetically engineered bacteria to replace missing blood cells. Those bacteria can form oxygen inside them and then help the person whose blood cells are destroyed or unable to work as they should.  The principle of those bacteria is similar to bacteria that turn carbon dioxide to fuel. But in that case, the bacteria can turn nutrients into useful things in the human body. Those genetically engineered bacteria can use in cases, where a person is injured in an accident.  Or they can be used in other cases when the blood cannot transport enough oxygen. In cases like leukemia, the medical staff must destroy the entire bone marrow to remove cancer cells. So during that process, those genetically engineered bacteria can deliver oxygen to the person's body.  There is also possible to change the DNA of the bacteria to the DNA. If that DNA is taken from the wealthy bone marrow cells. Tha...

Vacuum energy is an unlimited energy source. If there is a system that can turn it into electricity. And creating that system is quite difficult. The problem is that system must collect more energy than it uses. If we want to use it for energy production. The perpetual motion machine is anyway useless because there should be some energy for delivering to wires. The perpetual motion machine just recycles energy. Because the system cannot create energy from nothingness.  If the system just recycles energy, it cannot deliver electricity to an electric network. Perpetual motion machines are impossible on Earth because of friction. But there should be some kind of energy overload. That causes the system can conduct energy to the electric network. Otherwise, that system is useless.   The idea of that kind of hypothetical system is that they are not making energy from emptiness. They transform the energy from the original form to another form.   The existence of someth...

ScitechDaily.com reported that the breakthrough in biotechnology is done. The first time the human kidney is grown in the laboratory. And that thing brings new visions to the minds of the medical industry. The new kidney might not seem very fascinating. But the ability to make new organs for people is a big thing.   Artificial organs can use to save people who are been in accidents. Or has some kind of disease, But artificial organs can use for many other purposes. Things like artificial eyes can use in the laboratory and replacing some animal tests.  Artificial organs like bone marrow are suitable for creating counter-toxins or antidotes against things like snake poison. There is the possibility to use biotechnology to create antidotes. In that process, the snake poison will inject into large animals which immune system starts to create antidotes. Then those immune cells or their stem cells where that immune reaction is stored will take from that animal.  "Human kid...

Cyborg bugs or microchip-controlled bugs are a reality. Those things are normal insects that operate under the control of microchips. The cyborg insects are the next-generation tool for many things. The problem with mechanical drones is that their operational time is so short.  But the living bug can eat nutrients, and their neurons can interact with nano-technical microchips. Microchip-controlled bugs like cyborg fireflies can make a swarm. That is very flexible and hard to destroy. The interaction between neurons of those bugs and microchips is making it possible to benefit those fireflies' light organs in the communication of those cyborg insects.  The microchip will interact with the neurons of those insects, and it can be connected with the relay systems which can be helicopters, drones, or even satellites. If those microchips can control the flashes of the insects' light organs they can use optical communication at a longer distance.  The system can decode the elect...

"Poison nut tree Strychnos nux-vomica . Credit: Danny Kessler, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology" (ScitechDaily.com/Case Solved: The Biosynthesis of Strychnine) There is a link to the article that tells how researchers of Max Planck institute made that thing. They used three different species of nuts, including the poison nut ( Strychnos nux-vomica ), which creates strychnine, and two other also poisonous species that are close to the poison nut. But those two species are forming other also very poisonous chemical compounds. It is suspicious that all those plants have the same ancestors.  All of those species were members of the Loganiaceae family of plants. Many of those plants that are members of this family are extremely poisonous.  And then genetic transformation made a difference in the poison of those three poison nuts. Only the Strychnos nux-vomica is making strychnine. And the thing is that the strychnine molecule is very complicated. Solving the genome tha...

"The coating only needed one hour to kill 99.7% of a common pathogen called Staphylococcus aureus ." (ScitechDaily.com/99.7% in Only One Hour – New Nanocoating Kills More Bacteria Faster) The problem with bacteria is that they are turning resistant to antibiotics. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria cause epidemics in hospitals. So researchers must create other methods to use against those things.  When bacteria are covered by using a nano-size "rivet jacket", it turns to terminate other bacteria. The effect of this "rivet jacket" is simply to make holes in other bacteria membranes.  The term "nanocoating" means that the bacteria or part of it is covered by using a "plastic bag" or nanotechnical spikes. This thing denies the bacteria's ability to get nutrients.  That new nanocoating destroys 99% of bacteria in less than an hour. The problem with nano-coating has been that there are lots of bacteria that the layer must cover. So the nanosp...

"An image from a simulation in which a laser pulse (red) drives a plasma wave, accelerating electrons in its wake. The bright yellow spot is the area with the highest concentration of electrons. In an experiment, scientists used this technique to accelerate electrons to nearly the speed of light over a span of just 20 centimeters. Credit: Bo Miao/IREAP" (Phys.org/Compact electron accelerator reaches new speeds with nothing but light) By pushing electrons by using laser light is possible to accelerate them to the 99.99999993% speed of light. That thing means that those laser-based accelerators can replace magnetic accelerators very fast.  The laser accelerators can make it possible to accelerate particles by using photons. And that thing makes it easier to make compact accelerated systems. Which are not depending the magnetic field.  The idea of the photon-electron accelerator comes from the futuristic interstellar photonic rocket. The specific impulse of a photon rocket same ...

Artist’s conception of Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) in China. Credit: Jingchuan Yu" (Scitechdaily.com/https://scitechdaily.com/surprising-new-features-of-mysterious-fast-radio-bursts-defy-current-understanding/) "Fast Radio Bursts or FRBs are mysterious events. There is suspicion that the origin of those mysterious radio signals that exist in a short time can be the gamma- or X-ray impact with neutron stars. In that case, the impact of the extra radiation rises the energy level of the neutron star. But that thing is purely speculation.  The thing that makes FRB interesting. The energy level of the source of the FRB must be lower than the thing that forms GRB (Gamma-ray Bursts) or XRB (X-Ray Bursts). That thing means the FRB's source could not be in black holes. The energy level of those objects must be the class of neutron stars.  The reason why FRBs are interesting is that they are not like pulsars. They cannot be predicted. And that cause...

The "Dart" probe NASA's "Dart" mission is the ultimate lab for AI. This mission's goal is to make a probe that can find the right asteroid independently and then shoot the penetrator against the selected asteroid by using an autonomously operating AI-based system. Similar technology can use against other satellites in military missions. NASA will test the "Dart" system very soon.  When the "Dart" probe tries to turn an asteroid's trajectory it needs very complex artificial intelligence for that duty. The probe must travel far away from the Earth independently. The signal travels to that spacecraft for so long time, that direct control of the probe is impossible.  The probe must travel to the right asteroid by following the coordinates stored in its computers. Then the "Dart" probe must recognize the right asteroid and shoot the penetrator against it. This is the thing that makes The "Dart" mission interesting.  Mod...

  Image: Pinterest  Black holes are mysterious objects. And one interesting thing orbits every single black hole in the Universe.  That thing is the photon ring. The photon ring is the photons that are orbiting the event horizon. Those photons might be the reason why we cannot see a black hole. There is a theory that some information falls into a black hole by following the half-elliptic trajectory. That means the nucleus of the black hole would act as the gravitational sling and makes it possible that some of those superstrings can escape inside the black hole.  That photon ring has the ability that it will encrypt the information that is escaping from the black hole. When superstrings or flat photons that could be visible are traveling across that photon ring those photons are cutting it into pieces. Or it turns the information into a form that we cannot observe it.  That thing gave interesting ideas for things like quantum computers and protective fields. If ...

Einstein's Theory of General relativity is the tool that ever failed. That theory passed another test with dark matter, and this means the mathematical skills of Albert Einstein we marvelous. There are no errors that quantum computers and the most powerful telescopes can find from those theories.  There are a couple of errors that people are made when they are checking that theory. The first thing is that they forget that also object that encounters gravitational center in the gravitational pothole. So the curvature of the space happens around both objects. The second thing is people forget that there is no straight space. The universe is full of gravitational potholes.  Or well, people are not always thinking that the gravitational pothole is the effect where the universe turns shorter. The gravitation pulls quantum fields to the gravitational center. That means that when a particle or object closes the gravitational center it passes those quantum fields more often than if it...

The JWST's NIRCam (Near-Infrared Camera) sensor has taken these stunning images. The image is taken using near-infrared frequency. The details of this image formed when Neptune's atmosphere is orbiting the planet at a very high speed. The friction on that giant planet is very low because the temperature is also low. But it exists.  There is also the possibility that the giant sea of Neptune will impact a small bite of some kind of ice. That thing causes the whirl in the atmosphere. And maybe the giant Blue Spot in Neptune's atmosphere is the result of this kind of thing.  Because that planet's surface is mainly liquid gas that thing causes the atmosphere is orbiting the entire planet almost without friction. So the windspeed on that planet can rise very high. The upper atmosphere orbits the planet at a higher speed than the lower atmosphere. And that thing causes friction that is visible in the infrared frequency.  https://scitechdaily.com/incredible-new-webb-telescope-...

Can the mass of charm quark or c quark open the road to the photonic mystery? Can the reason why the c-quark that is inside the proton can be heavier than the proton? The c quark is a very heavy particle. That means its energy level is very high.  That causes that c boson sends radiation with very high power. That radiation or wave motion pushes other particles away from it. And c quark flows above the energy level of other particles. When c quark sends enough radiation its shape turns into another particle.   So could the same thing cause that photon has no mass? In that model, the photon would be in so a high energy level that it also pushes other particles and wave motion away from it. If that thing is right. The radiation of photons is so high that it will send the impacting radiation away from it.  In that case, dominating radiation will blow other radiation away. And that makes it difficult to measure the mass of the object.  Otherwise, photons can turn wa...