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Proton is one of the most complicated structures in the universe.



Many times we oversimplify things like the proton's structure. We say that there are three two up and one down quarks inside one quantum field that is called a proton. There are many particle-antiparticle pairs in the proton. And one of the most interesting particle pairs is the "charm"-quark. 

The mass of charm-or c-quark and its antiparticle is higher than a proton. And that means the c-quark somehow hovers in its environment. That thing makes it possible, that the quark inside the proton. Can have a larger mass than the proton itself.

When we look at the oscillation of the quarks inside the proton we face one thing. The annihilation forms. When the particle and its antiparticle pair are impacting. And then that radiation pushes quarks away from each other. If that reaction is too powerful the three quarks are going too far from each other. And that thing destroys the proton's structure. 

The thing that makes these kinds of interactions interesting is that the outcoming radiation also rises the proton's internal structure's energy level. When radiation adjusts some particles in the proton's internal structure to a higher energy level the end of radiation causes that energy travels out from the particle until it reaches the same energy level as its environment. That thing also causes energy to flow away from the proton. 

Another thing that we must realize in the case of the proton is that sometimes quark-antiquark pairs inside the proton are impacting. That thing causes an annihilation reaction. And maybe that thing is one of the reasons why material is evaporating. When those tiny particles annihilate they send radiation. And that radiation pushes the proton's quantum field away. So those reactions are one reason why the proton oscillates. 

If we think that cosmic inflation is the only thing. That causes the situation. where particles turn to wave motion we are wrong. If cosmic inflation would be the only reason for material turn to wave motion the protons should send light quantum without breaks. When we are thinking that there are lots of particles inside the proton, we are facing one thing. Could some particles interact with dark matter? 

When we think about the complicated structure of a proton, we must ask how many internal structures is in that hadron. There is a possibility that there are yet unseen structures and interactions inside the proton. 

Images and sources. 


https://www.quantamagazine.org/inside-the-proton-the-most-complicated-thing-imaginable-20221019/


https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton



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