Researchers made two entangled light beams. And that is a breakthrough in long-term and long-distance quantum communication.

"Researchers using an optical parametric oscillator light source succeeded in producing two entangled light beams. (Artist’s concept.)" (ScitechDaily.com/ Quantum Breakthrough: Light Source Produces Two Entangled Light Beams)

One of the reasons why quantum computers are under development is that they are hard to jam. Regular binary computers use the binary system. The binary system's model is the 2D data structure. Data, that is stored in mass memory. Forms of data allocation units. Those data allocation units can be bits or bytes etc... (Bit or Byte is the size of the data allocation unit)

The problem with 2D data structure is this. If two programs or event handlers (or data handlers) try to touch the same unit this thing causes that system will jam. The event handlers cannot copy information from the same point to two different places. The problem is that in 2D data structure is that the data allocation units cannot go over each other.

In quantum systems, data allocation units can go over one another. A qubit-form data allocation unit forms a 3D structure like a tower. So if two event handlers need to use the same data allocation unit. At the same time, they can touch the qubit from the data allocation unit in different places. In quantum systems, the qubit's layers or states' order is not as important as it's in 2D systems. If each state involves information that was its place in the qubit. The system knows how to remake the qubit.

If we want to send information by using quantum networks we have one small problem. We must confirm the message that the receiver gets involving the same information, that the sender packed in the message. If something misses the sender must send the information again. The best way is to send the same message by using two routes. In that version, the system compares the information, that travels in both lines.

The system can reduce the number of data units between those lines. And if the checksum is zero, that means data that travels in those data lines is identical. That thing requires the ability to make two identical superpositioned and entangled light or some other electromagnetic beams. If we think that we want to send information from point A to point B. And use this kind of technology.

We must be sure that information doesn't travel through the same disturbance. If information travels through the same disturbance that can cause an identical error in the information package. So the system must send information back to the sender. And that verifies if the involvement of the information package is not changed.

When researchers create more advanced and effective security methods. Those works have two purposes.

1) Secure involvement of information package against eavesdroppers.

2) Secure involvement of the information package against changes.

The second purpose of security means. The information that the receiver gets identifies what the sender sends. So protecting the involvement of the information package is the prime purpose of security.

Security is needed in long- and short-distance communication. The system must protect data when it travels in the system or between systems. The vulnerability can be fatal in the microchip's internal communication and communication between two systems.

If the speed of systems is extremely high even short-term artifact effects cause very bad damage to the data packages. In mathematical calculations, even a small error causes wrong results. And in mathematics is only right and wrong answers.

https://scitechdaily.com/quantum-breakthrough-light-source-produces-two-entangled-light-beams/

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Schrödinger's cat: and the limits of that idea.

"In quantum mechanics, Schrödinger's cat is a thought experiment concerning quantum superposition". (Wikipedia, Schrödinger's cat). But the same thing can use as model for many other thought experiments. Sooner or later, or at least in the ultimate end of the universe, the Schrödinger's cat will turn into wave movement. The information that this cat involved exists but the cat does not exist in its material form. The information doesn't ever vanish. It just turns its shape. We are all trapped in the universe and time. The universe is the space that is entirety to us. There are no confirmed other universities. But the multiverse is a logical continuum for the expanding galactic megastructures. The problem with natural things is this. They are black and white. They exist or do not exist. Could there be something, that exists and not exists at the same time? Scrödinger's cat is thinking experiment about case their cat is not dead or not alive. But in this...

The string theory offers a new way to calculate Pi.

"Scientists discovered a new series for pi through string theory research, echoing a 15th-century formula by Madhava. By combining Euler-Beta Functions and Feynman Diagrams, they modeled particle interactions efficiently. Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, String Theory Unravels New Pi Formula: A Quantum Leap in Mathematics) People normally think that. The pi is the ratio of the circumference circle's circumference to the circle's diameter. The Pi is a mathematical constant 3.14159..., the endless decimal number. The Pi is interesting because developers can use that decimal number to make the encryption algorithms stronger. The idea is that the encryptions program hides the message's original ASCII numbers by multiplicating those numbers with some decimal number. Or the system can add some numbers to those ASCII numbers. "Aninda Sinha (left) and Arnab Saha (right). Credit: Manu Y" (ScitechDaily, String Theory Unravels New Pi Formula: A Quantum Le...

There are always more than three actors in the real world.

"An international research team is advancing precision timekeeping by developing a nuclear clock using thorium isotopes and innovative laser methods, potentially transforming our understanding of physical constants and dark matter. (Artist’s concept.) Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Unveiling the Thorium Nuclear Clock and Its Time-Twisting Secrets) From Three-body problem... There are no pure three-body systems in nature. There are always more than three components in the system. For making real three-body systems we must separate those three bodies from the environment. Otherwise, there are stable effects. But nobody can predict some effects like distant supernova explosions or sun eruptions. And one of those things that affect all bodies is time. When radioactive materials decay. That affects the stability and symmetry of the object. Energy levels affect the existence of things like neutrons. The thorium atom clocks are next-generation tools for time measurement....

Cogito ergo sum. I think; therefore I am (René Descartes, French philosopher)

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