First, we must describe the time. The time is the energy loss of the material. The universe's expansion causes the quantum fields around atoms, and subatomic particles are turning weaker. Or actually, the quantum fields that are pushing those particles to one piece are turning weaker.
And that causes the expansion of the quantum field around atoms and quarks. This process continues until the material is turning to wave movement. The thing that is called time dilation means that this process is slowing. Or the process is turning to move backward. That makes the material is turning younger.
The idea about time dilation is simple. When the quantum field is strong enough it starts to tunnel inside particles like electrons. That means the magnetic- or quantum field acts like some kind of plague. And it reloads energy to that particle. The thing if particle turns older or lowers energy state depending on the relation of the outcoming and incoming energy state. If incoming energy is stronger and outcoming energy cannot replace or push it back in. The particle is aging.
If the force of outcoming energy is stronger than incoming energy. The particle turns younger. And if the relation of those things is stable the aging of the particle is stopped. But would not age. When we are thinking that the particle reaches the speed of light. It would reach the speed of photons. When the particle's speed is as close to the speed of light as possible it faces the doppler effect. That doppler effect stabilizes the energy loss and energy increase.
The particle will release its mass and energy in the form of photons. Whenever a particle sends a photon it sends part of itself. The quantum field or doppler field ahead of the particle will replace the lost energy. So the particle cannot turn older. But the question is this: does the time affect the space. We can say that time is the loss of the energy of particles. But does it affect to environment or space where that particle is?
When we are thinking about the form of time we can say time is energy. And aging is the case when material loses its energy. So if we are thinking about the question: is time exists, we should ask: does time affect the material, or does it affect space. If time affects space that thing makes time travel possible.
If time affects only material, that means that material can turn younger. But the things that happened in the past cannot affect. But if we think that time affects space we must realize that the expansion of the universe causes the loss of energy. There is the possibility that we ever cannot reach the past even if time affects space. The reason for that is simple the past is at a higher energy level than the future. That means that traveling to the past requires opposite time dilation.
The only known place where time moves backward is the black hole. The reason for that is the escaping velocity behind the event horizon is higher than the speed of light. So because time or aging stops at the speed of light or the point of the event horizon. Behind that point, the escaping velocity turns higher than the speed of light. The time should turn to travel backward. Inside a black hole, all particles are traveling at the same speed.
Sources:
https://scitechdaily.com/time-might-not-exist-according-to-physicists/
https://miraclesofthequantumworld.blogspot.com/
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