The next step in superconducting research is that LK-99 was not superconducting at room temperature. Or was it? The thing is that there is needed more research about that material. And even if it couldn't reach superconductivity in 400K that doesn't mean that material is not fundamental. And if LK-99 can maintain its superconductivity in 400K that means a fundamental breakthrough in superconducting technology.
The LK-99 can be hype or it can be the real thing. The thing is, anyway, that high-voltage cables and our electric networks are not turning superconducting before next summer. But if we can change the electric network to superconducting by using some reasonable material. That thing can be the next step in the environment. Superconductors decrease the need to produce electricity. But today cooling systems that need lots of energy are the thing that turn superconductors that need low temperatures non-practical for everyday use.
When the project begins there is lots of enthusiasm. And all results seem very nice. But when the time goes the next step is skepticism. There is the possibility that the LK-99 is a fundamental superconducting material that can offer superconductivity in higher temperatures than ever before. But the key question is how does this material make that thing? There are (been) two ways to make superconductivity.
1) Decrease temperature
2) Increase pressure.
In superconducting materials oscillation of atoms is somehow stopped or denied. Normally that thing happens by decreasing temperature that stabilizes atoms in the wire. And the superconducting temperature can rise by increasing pressure. Using 2,6 million atmosphere pressure one special material is turned superconducting at room temperature. But that pressure is non-practical for everyday use. The high-pressure systems and cooling systems require lots of electricity.
But when we think of things like magnetic trains and some other types of systems things like solar panels can install near or on the railways. So those levitating trains and their tracks can be equipped with solar panels. Or those systems can use other local and green energy production models.
The next-generation miniature technology allows to make thin hollow copper wires that can minimize resistance. Also, nanotubes and graphene (or some other) 2D material can cover by using a single-atom layer of copper atoms.
Nanotechnology allows to create structures that can make flexible superconductors possible. Those structures are used in thin golden necklaces. But nanotechnology allows the making of thin, extremely small-size modules that can use in superconductors. That gives flexibility also for graphite and ceramic materials. That fixes the old problem of superconducting materials. Those ceramic and carbon-based materials are not flexible.
Electricity travels on the shell of the wire. That thing causes the idea that by using 2D nanomaterials is possible to create superconducting at higher temperatures than in regular cases. In those cases one layer of metal like copper atoms installed on the nanotube. The best possible way to make superconduction is to use a combination of high-pressure liquid gas that is closed in thermos-solution.
The superconductor will be closed in the chamber where is a vacuum layer between the gas and air. In that case, the thermos, where pressurized liquid gas stabilizes electric wires. And thermos solution minimizes energy use in the superconducting elements. But then. Back to LK-99.
LK-99 can be a very fundamental superconductor to reach that condition. Creators of that material claim that it reaches superconductivity in 400 K. And of course, that causes discussions. If LK-99 works as it should it would be the most fundamental material in history. If LK-99 is real, that allows to create the new and more powerful computers. Superconductivity keeps the temperature down in electronic components. But there needed more research to confirm that thing. There are arguments that LK-99 is not a peer previewer. But as many times before, even if the LK-99 was not so successful it can be promising material.
https://www.freethink.com/hard-tech/lk-99-superconductor
https://www.bloomberg.com/opinion/articles/2023-08-02/lk-99-and-the-desperation-for-scientific-discovery#xj4y7vzkg
https://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/2023/08/03/business/tech/Korea-Quantum-Energy-Research-Centre-superconductor/20230803184638075.html
https://www.nytimes.com/2023/08/03/science/lk-99-superconductor-ambient.html
https://www.technologyreview.com/2020/10/14/1010370/room-temperature-superconductivity/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LK-99
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