Does the brain in a dish have moral rights?

  Does the brain in a dish have moral rights? 

Can we someday make the brain in a jar in real life? Genetic engineering and cloning. Along with cell re-programming gives us the ability to create artificial brains. And in the wildest visions, the artificial brains can live in a dish in the laboratory and interact with computers using the EEG and Brain-computer interface. Those artificial brains make it possible to create robots, computers, and other tools with similar intelligence levels, as we have. 

And even if those things have not yet been made, they can be the next step for some researchers. That means we must start to think about the rights of those brains. We might face that thing sometime in the future. If we create brains or computers that have the same IQ as we have, we must think about the rights that creature has. 

"Bio-computing is now a reality, prompting experts to call for its responsible application. The creators of DishBrain, in collaboration with bioethicists, address its ethical implications, potential medical benefits, and environmental advantages in a recent paper".(ScitechDaily/From Sci-Fi to Reality: Does a Brain in a Dish Have Moral Rights?)

If the artificial brain interacts with robots. It's possible. That hypothetical brain does not even know that it's in a dish. And everything that it sees and feels, is some kind of simulation. So should our hypothetical brain in a dish know that it lives in a dish? That dish is equipped with systems that deliver nutrients to the brain. And of course, the life support must handle the blood flow to the brain and back from it. And the system must remove garbage. 

Maybe quite soon we can make brains that can live in the dish. Those brains are made using living neurons, so they are living creatures. And other ways, those brains in a dish have intelligence. So they have the status of intelligent living organisms. We think that the human rights base is in intelligence. 

Brains in dishes have similar abilities as we have if they are cloned from human cells. That means the brain in the dish should have similar rights as humans. The brain in a dis can control robots using the EEG connection. And that means those brains should have similar duties as humans. In visions. 

The robots that those brains operate give them the ability to see things that robots send them as they would be in that place. And in some visions, the brain in a dish doesn't even realize that it's in some dish. Those brains communicate with computers by using the brain-computer interface. That thing makes it possible for those brains can interact with robots and computers. 

https://scitechdaily.com/from-sci-fi-to-reality-does-a-brain-in-a-dish-have-moral-rights/

The laboratory created the first bioprinter neural network using living neurons.

   The laboratory created the first bioprinter neural network using living neurons. 

The next level in bioprinting technology is on the door. That technology allows the making of artificial neural structures called "mini-brains". That term means the structure that is created on a glass plate. Those mini brains can used to test some kinds of medicines. 

But the possible use of that technology is to recover damaged brains. The bioprinter neural networks also can make the next-generation microchip technology that combines biological and non-living components possible. 

The non-living component could be the microchip with an AI-based kernel that decodes the signals that come from the living neural cells. And that thing allows living neurons to communicate with robots. The biological microchips causing discussions of the rights of robots that have biological microchips. 

What is a more powerful computer than a networked quantum system? That system is the networked human brain. In some visions, interstellar spacecraft can host millions of cloned brains. The purpose of those brains is to act as the giant biological supercomputer. And if we think of robots that involve biological brains those kinds of systems can make them as intelligent as humans. 

These were the topics in some old-fashioned sci-fi movies. The idea was that cyborgs would be robot bodies that living human brains control. The robot body will equipped with a system that can deliver nutrients to brain cells that control the robot body. 

The artificially cloned neurons and bioprinting systems allow that system can create mini-brains. That can installed in drones. The bioprinters with nanotechnology can install bug brain cells into microchips that control the missiles or search equipment. 

Above: The brain in a vat can interact with people using robots as external bodies. 

The problem with regular AI is that those systems are not creative. They can connect puzzles to new solutions. But they can only use particles that are given to them. When AI makes solutions it is like a guy who builds something using Legos. There are models that the guy can use. 

The AI can create the Lego structure using the models. But when the AI must make something without models that system is in trouble. The AI cannot create anything without models. Humans can create models in brains, and then turn those models into real ones by using Legos. 

There is the possibility that biotechnology can make it possible to create synthetic full-scale brains in the laboratory. And that artificial living brains can communicate with robots and other computing systems. That vision is called "brain in a vat". 

If some laboratory can create full-scale human brains that live in the vat and interact with the environment using the robot bodies the system can interconnect those brains into giant biological supercomputers. If there are hundreds or even thousands of brains in vat they can form the system. Which data handling capacity is enormous. 

https://www.wired.com/story/a-lab-just-3d-printed-a-neural-network-of-living-brain-cells/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brain_in_a_vat

What is the purpose of life? Are we living in someone's mind?

   What is the purpose of life? Are we living in someone's mind?

That is the question of what philosophers thought 3000 years ago. Religions are trying to answer that question by simply saying "The purpose of life is serving god". And then someone says "why god create so violent creature that is so hard to control as we are"?. The simple question and simple answer turned into something that caused discussions at least 2,000 years ago, at the time when our religion was formed. 

The induction question for that thing can be interesting. That is "What is the purpose of the life of the god"? That question made pharaoh Akhnaten turn religion in Egypt into monotheistic where the god is astral and invisible but everywhere a long time before Christianity. The question that made Akhnaten turn Egyptian religion was the induction question for the question for the question "What is the Egyptian's purpose of life"? That was "serving the pharaoh". 

But what was the purpose of the life of Pharaoh? The reason why Akhnaten turned the Egyptian religion was purely political. The astral god was a tool that offered the Akhnaten the ability to avoid responsibility. The idea was that if the pharaoh made the right decisions the punishment would come after that man's death. And because the God whose name Akhnaten was "Aton" was not living in his palace nobody can ask anything straight from the god. But Akhnaten didn't ask the question "What is the purpose of life of "Aton"? 

Akhnaten with his wife. The image portrays something that theologists or researchers call the "Q-source". There was somebody or something. That gave an idea to Akhnaten to change the Egyptian religion. 

Are we living in someone's mind or brain?

Are we living in someone's mind? The idea that there is one mind in the universe was introduced by the Austrian physicist Erwin Schrödinger. So we might say that Schrödinger is the man behind the "intelligent universe theory". He connected religions to that model. There are many versions of that model, and in some versions the individual lives on Earth for collecting information. At the end of our physical journey, somebody reads memories that are stored in our brain. 

Then that information is sent somewhere. In that model, the data collected when a human walks on Earth is used to develop something. The fact is that the electric activity in the brain increases when a person is dying. And then the final pike in the electric curves in the brain happens just after death. 

Scrödinger introduced the model that the human mind is part of a larger entirety he tried to answer the question "What is the purpose of life"? Somebody says that "serving the god". But then we must ask another question: "How a single human can serve, or what human can offer to a creature that is so powerful that there are no limits for that creature"? 

In Scrödinger's model, the human is like a biological Von Neumann machine that developed with the most powerful and finest quantum neural computer called the brain. The Von Neumann machine is the machine that copies itself. The purpose of this biological creature would be to collect data, that will connect to the computer's memories and help to develop and adjust the models that the creator uses for some unknown purposes. This is Schrödinger's version of the purpose of life. 

The cosmic antimatter can be one thing behind dark energy.

  The cosmic antimatter can be one thing behind dark energy. 

There is a model that so-called sub-hadronic particles could be behind dark energy. Normally, people think that electrons and positrons form the particle-antiparticle pairs. But the fact is that almost every boson and fermion has anti-particle or mirror-particle pairs. 

One place where antimatter is are protons. Protons are much more than just two up, and one down quarks. Inside protons are numerous particles and antiparticles that are far smaller than electrons. Annihilation also happens between those other particle-antiparticle pairs. 

And that means electron-positron pairs are not only annihilating particles. The quark-anti-quark pairs can annihilate into a photon and wave movement. 

Can exotic annihilation like annihilation between gluons and anti-gluons explain dark energy? 

Same way. Gluons and anti-gluons or maybe neutrino-antineutrino can annihilate in, the same way as all other particle-antiparticle pairs. And maybe that thing could explain dark energy. The Schwinger effect forms the particle-antiparticle pairs. And if those particle-antiparticle pairs are too close to each other they annihilate. 

So if quasars send radiation beams that are turning into particle-antiparticle pairs that are not electron-positron pairs that thing could explain dark energy or some part of it. This annihilation where other particles than positrons and electrons annihilate can called exotic annihilation. One example of that kind of annihilation would be a case, where gluon-anti-gluon pairs annihilate. 

The quasars and other high-energy objects like pulsars can explain cosmic antimatter.

When quasars or some other high-energy objects send their radiation and particle beams some part of that material can turn into dark matter. Quasars are objects that form around black holes. When those objects send extremely high-energy radiation. That radiation can cause a situation. That is the point where the energy beam forms a point where there is no electromagnetism or quantum fields. The high energy radiation pushes quantum fields from around it. 

A similar thing can happen between energy beams of pulsars. If the pulsar cycle is high enough. That causes a situation where quantum fields have no time to fill that hole. And that forms the WARP channel in the track of that energy beam. When that energy beam hits the matter in the Milky Way that thing can cause a situation where the punch turns the particle's spin opposite. And that forms antimatter. 

And when that energy beam is left from the black hole it travels a short time in WARP-bubble. When those particles are traveling in a warp bubble suddenly they impact with electromagnetic fields and that impact causes a situation where those particle's spin turns opposite. That is the thing that forms antimatter. 

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/pulsars-dark-matter-milky-way-antimatter/

https://neutrinos.fnal.gov/types/antineutrinos/

https://www.techexplorist.com/proton-complicated-expected-think-scientists/38011/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annihilation

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antiparticle

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_chromodynamics

Maybe the future is genetically engineered humans.

    Maybe the future is genetically engineered humans. 

An imprisoned researcher who genetically modified babies believes that genetically manipulated humans are the future. When we think about genetic engineering and our genomes, we can ask why genetic engineers are not removing things like diabetes, Alzheimer and AIDS away by using genetic engineering. In the same way, somebody can ask why we don't give gene therapy for CP-handicapped and other kinds of people who have an error in their chromosomes. 

Some people say that this kind of gene therapy is against morals or ethics, but in the same way, we can ask if the lives of those people are so nice that we should not fix their genomes.  Why cannot we think of things like hereditary diseases as one disease like some virus infection or something like that? The fact is this the world is full of people who have money to take gene therapy. Gene therapy can improve IQ. 

And that kind of therapy gives many more abilities. The human intelligence is like many other types of intelligence. It creates systems that are more or less intelligent. So intelligence creates other intelligence. And that's why people are interested in things like AI. Genetic engineering can increase people's IQ. 

IQ is only one of the things that makes people productive. That productive thinking makes us create machines and other things to dominate the world. And that's why our nervous system and brains are the promising objects for genetic engineering. Genetic engineering makes it possible that people will get immune resistance against some viruses. And then that virus can turn into the ultimate weapon. 

The ability to interconnect species makes it possible. Humans will get better senses, stronger muscles or faster reactions, and faster renewing tissues. The ability to transform the DNA allows us to remove cancer from our species. Cancer is one of the deadliest diseases in the world. Sharks have no cancer and that thing makes those animals interesting. 

Same way sharks have electric senses, and humans have similar senses. That allows us to read other people's thoughts. All senses and abilities that species have without depending on species coded in the DNA, and what would you make with the ability to read thoughts or muscles that make you as strong as a gorilla or anaconda? 

In the same way, some reptilians are immune to the strongest neural poison, botulinum. That means nerve agents like VX do not affect cobras. 

Innovation requires full knowledge of the system that a person wants to use. The other things that the innovation requires are the ability and willingness to model the system. And that is a problem in innovations. People must have the ability to make new things. And they must dare to share their ideas. 

When we manipulate our brains we make things that will change the world. Brains are the creators of the systems and machines that allow humans to dominate the world. 

The human brain should be the user of the AI. That means humans should be the part who gives orders. And the AI should be the thing that follows those orders. But sometimes we are facing people who let machines think for them. AI will not turn master in our society if we do not give that position to it. 

https://bgr.com/science/imprisoned-scientist-who-gene-edited-babies-wanted-to-transform-the-human-species/

Image: ScitechDaily.com

Researchers created fully synthetic embryos.

  Researchers created fully synthetic embryos. 

Researchers at Weitzmann Scientific Institute created human embryos from stem cells without sperm and eggs. That kind of thing is a breakthrough in genetic research. The ability to create a human embryo from stem cells is one of the most interesting things in the world of cloning and genetic research. The "virgin born" embryo is the thing that causes very interesting thoughts about abilities to use that technology in positive and negative things. 

The Weizmann-institute embryos are similar to all other embryos. And that means somebody can "steal" one of those embryos and then use that embryo for artificial insemination. Artificial embryos are meant for cancer and other types of research. But maybe some people think that those embryos offer the possibility to make artificial people for some purposes that we cannot even imagine. 

Normally, when we think about genetic engineering and super soldiers that serve in the clone army we think of the system, where the blastula-stage embryo will split in two parts. Then the other one will be put in the freezer into liquid nitrogen. The other part of that sliptted embryo will grow as normal people. Then if that person does the duties well, the system can turn also another part of the embryo into life. There could be different groups of those embryos, and the system selects the best of the best. 

That kind of thing is interesting but at the same time frightening vision about things like the military. The ability to create a fully synthetic embryo means the ability to create a fully synthetic person. Those kinds of people have no connections with their parents. In some visions, the first people who will colonize the solar system and travel out from our planetary systems are that kind of clone. 

Technology that the Weizmann Institute used in that operation can also be used to make immortal crews for interstellar flights. The immortal crew means that all crew members will cloned, and then the system transfers their memories to those clones.  

https://www.bbc.com/news/health-66715669

https://www.indiatimes.com/technology/science-and-future/worlds-first-synthetic-embryos-576474.html

https://www.reuters.com/science/israeli-scientists-create-model-human-embryo-without-eggs-or-sperm-2023-09-07/

Black holes paradox. Can gravity waves escape from them?

   Black holes paradox. Can gravity waves escape from them? 

Black hole paradox gravitational waves cannot escape from the black hole. But black holes send gravitational waves. And if those gravitational waves are not coming from the black hole, what is their source? Is there some other "yet unknown" radiation with different wavelengths that we cannot see? 

The black hole paradox is interesting. Gravity should not escape from a black hole's massive gravity field. But if that thing is true, the black hole should not be able to pull anything inside it, because gravitational interaction happens through gravity waves. So if gravity waves do not interact with particles they could not pull material into the gravitational field. 

The gravitational waves are traveling gravitational fields, and that means they can interact with gravity fields. Same way electromagnetic waves have their origin in electromagnetic fields. Electromagnetic fields can manipulate electromagnetic field's shape and strength. Same way gravity wave has the same wavelength as a gravity field. And that affects its strength and shape. 

Does gravity exist in the fourth dimension? 

The fact is that natural forces are the same in all dimensions. In theories, the dimension is energy level. Jumping into the fourth dimension could happen by increasing the object's energy level. When the energy level rises the object loses its ability to interact with other 3D particles. So when that particle cannot exchange information with other particles, it leaves left 3D world and jumps into the fourth dimension. 

At that moment particle will lost. The fourth dimension is like our universe. And all natural forces are the same as in our universe. The fourth dimension is at a higher energy level than our three-dimensional universe. That causes the theory that there are lots of extra dimensions above our universe. Because extra dimensions above our third dimension are at higher energy levels. That means those extra dimensions are smaller than our third dimension.  

The theory about extra dimensions tells us that extra dimensions are like our third dimension. But its energy level is much higher than our universe. The thing about extra dimensions is that they are smaller than our universe. And in some theories, there are other civilizations behind the event horizons. But we cannot prove anything.

The vaporization of the black holes, tells that there is energy that travels out from black holes. Fourth dimensions exist in our Universe in the form of black holes. We cannot imagine what those universes look like because we cannot see four-dimensional material and wave movement out from it. But if there is some other wave movement than gravitational waves that can escape from black holes, that wave movement is invisible to us.  

https://bigthink.com/starts-with-a-bang/gravity-extra-dimensions/