Gravity from entropy in an interesting theory.

"Diagrammatic representation of the entropic quantum gravity action. The action for gravity is given by the quantum relative entropy between the metric of the manifold and the metric induced by the matter field and the geometry. Credit: Physical Review D (2025). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.111.066001" (Phys.org, Gravity from entropy: A radical new approach to unifying quantum mechanics and general relativity)

If we think that gravitation occurs in cases where the spinning particles store energy in the. And transform that energy into kinetic energy, we can explain special features of gravity like this. All parts of atoms are spinning. And all particles have their own individual quantum gravity field. So if we try to look at the gravity fields around atoms, we would see multiple different-sized whirls. Gluons, W, and Z bosons, quarks, and electrons conduct energy into themselves. 

But also things like quantum fields and quantum field tunnels between quarks and around the atom's spin. That spinning movement binds energy to those particles and fields. And those particles and fields turn that energy into kinetic energy. 

So, energy, or quantum fields, can also bind energy and make energy travel to those fields. In the same way as in all objects, the spin or speed of a particle or field accelerates until it starts to deliver energy. That means things like black holes will send gravitational waves that are emitted from those objects. When their spin speed slows, they start to deliver energy. Even a black hole cannot create energy from nothing. It must conduct energy somewhere if it spins more slowly. And in that process, a black hole delivers energy. As well as all other objects in the universe. 

In the same way, if we think that quantum fields form superstrings, that explains some interesting things in gravity. Theoretical superstring is the rolled quantum field. So when a superstring moves, it harnesses energy from its environment. The superstring doesn’t form energy; it harnesses and stores it from fields around it. When a superstring slows, it releases a gravitational wave or some other energy wave. Just like all other gravitational centers. 

Gravitation from entropy, or entropic gravity, is a new and exciting model to explain quantum gravity. And attempt to fit quantum gravity into Einstein's general relativity and special relativity. That model tries to connect quantum gravitation to the larger-scale gravitation. Entropic gravitation holds the idea that gravitation is like electromagnetic radiation, or one of the quantum fields.

So, if gravitation is like radiation, there should be a so-called G-field that gravitational radiation forms. That G-field or free gravitational field is like any other radiation field, but gravitational radiation or gravitational wave movement forms that G-field. The G-field could form particles because wave-particle duality (WPD) is also possible between gravitational waves. 

"Representation of the gravitational field of Earth and Moon combined (not to scale). Vector field (blue) and its associated scalar potential field (red). Point P between earth and moon is the point of equilibrium." (Wikipedia, Gravitational field)

When we think about how difficult it is to fit quantum gravity with larger-scale gravitational objects, we must dare to ask one question. Did somebody forget fields when they made gravitational models? That means spinning, or moving quantum fields, can also act like a gravity center. The idea is that a fast-spinning field also binds energy fields from around it. And that makes those fields travel to that field. 

That means in theory the field can also act as a gravity center. The idea is that particles are also waves. Or they are condensed wave movements. In reactions like annihilation, antimatter-matter impacts turn antiparticle-particle pairs into the wave movement. That means matter is packed with energy. And when a particle hits its anti-particle pair, it releases energy that is stored in particles. 

The wave-particle duality means that particles can turn into energy or wave movement. And wave movement can turn into particles. If a G-field exists and some particle spins in it, that particle also rolls the G-field in it and turns that field into kinetic energy. That is one way to close this theorem. But the other way is to think that there are no absolute vacuums in the universe. There are always some kinds of fields and things like superstrings that are extremely thin energy fields. In the same way as superstrings and particles store energy, the spinning quantum field stores energy. 

Those things form the smallest structures in the universe. When a superstring or any other structure spins, that structure stores energy into it in the form of kinetic energy. When a spinning structure turns energy into kinetic form, it harnesses that energy from around it. That makes energy move to the structure. An energy field from outside the pulling area tries to fill that energy pothole. The energy movement to the object continues until the object’s energy level rises so high that energy can break the whirl around that object. 

But again, we can replace the word spinning by using word movement. The moving particle or object, like a moving field, stores energy. If we think that entropy is space where it is moving and oscillating, that thing can explain the form of gravity. Those particles store and deliver energy, and that can explain gravity. The question is always, what causes those quantum fields to move? Moving quantum fields take particles and radiation with them. And that makes the effect known as gravity. 

https://phys.org/news/2025-03-gravity-entropy-radical-approach-quantum.html

https://www.quantamagazine.org/is-gravity-just-entropy-rising-long-shot-idea-gets-another-look-20250613/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entropic_gravity

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_field

Can the quantum Coriolis force make quantum mechanics warp around the gravity centers?

"A new study reveals that even small differences in elevation between quantum computers—just one kilometer apart—can allow Earth’s gravity to measurably affect quantum systems, challenging one of the foundational principles of quantum mechanics. Credit: SciTechDaily.com". (ScitechDaily, Earth’s Gravity Might Be Warping Quantum Mechanics, Say Physicists)

The fact is that we think that gravity centers are in the middle of the whirls of the quantum fields. The strength of those whirls depends on the density and mass of the gravity centers. The most powerful whirls are around black holes. But the fact is that all gravity fields, including planets, form those whirls. The size of the whirl depends on the turbulence around the object. And the mass of the object can also determine how powerful that whirl can be. In the same way, when a particle spins, it stores energy into itself. If a spinning particle is in the quantum field, it causes an anomaly or asymmetry in the quantum field around the particle. 

The fact is that we think that gravity centers are in the middle of the whirls of the quantum fields. The strength of those whirls depends on the density and mass of the gravity centers. The most powerful whirls are around black holes. But the fact is that all gravity fields, including planets, form those whirls. The size of the whirl depends on the turbulence around the object. And the mass of the object can also determine how powerful that whirl can be. 

In an absolutely stable space, the interference is low, and even low-mass objects can form black holes if they can pull enough gas around them. If nothing disturbs, that gas can form a black hole. But near stars like the sun, the stars cause interference that destroys those structures. Every whirl disturbs their environment. And there is a thing on the surfaces of every spinning object. That means the quantum fields that whirl around the gravitational centers can form a quantum version of the Coriolis force. 

"The Earth’s gravity, manifested as curvature in space and time, is expected to alter the rules of standard quantum theory. An experiment consisting of three quantum computers at different elevations can reveal the interplay between gravity and quantum mechanics. Credit: The Grainger College of Engineering at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign"

"In the inertial frame of reference (upper part of the picture), the black ball moves in a straight line. However, the observer (red dot) who is standing in the rotating/non-inertial frame of reference (lower part of the picture) sees the object as following a curved path due to the Coriolis and centrifugal forces present in this frame." (Wikipedia, Coriolis force)

So that means all particles and objects near the gravity center, including Earth, can be in the whirl where the Coriolis force makes them spin. The Coriolis force is a fictitious force that makes anomalies in particle tracks. The coriolis force can be introduced when the particle hovers above the object, and then the object spins under it. That causes the particle to rotate against the larger object’s rotational direction. That means the Coriolis force can also exist in rotating fields. That force might be very weak. 

But in extreme conditions like over galaxy-size structures, that force turns stronger. And in other ways, we can think that the single particles are very light. That means a weak effect can interact with them and change their trajectories. Maybe anomalies in a single particle’s trajectory don’t mean much in large-scale systems. But in the quantum-scale systems, the field-based Coriolis force can cause particles to follow unexpected trajectories that are like screws. 

https://scitechdaily.com/earths-gravity-might-be-warping-quantum-mechanics-say-physicists/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coriolis_force

Time arrows and black holes.

Antigravity and Meissner effect. 

Normally, the Meissner effect is an electromagnetic phenomenon in superconducting materials. The Meissner effect happens in electromagnetic wavelengths. The gravitational Meissner effect is a similar effect that happens in the gravitational wavelength. Today, the gravitational Meissner effect is still a theory. 

Can gravity be like the Meissner effect? The Meissner effect is possible only in the extremely low temperature superconducting objects where an atom’s quantum fields form an entirety. The question is whether a similar effect that forms in gravity fields forms in cases where all parts of the atom are under one homogenous quantum field? Or is it enough that the electrons will push against the atom’s core into a homogenous form? 

If the “Gravitational Meissner effect” is possible, that makes antigravity levitation possible. If the gravitational Meissner effect is possible, that means the energy waves that travel past the particle or object are like time arrows, or arrows of time. Those things harness energy from their environment and push it into particles or particle groups. And that energy pushes those particles back in time. 

Or, otherwise saying, they cause time dilation. When the mass of an object increases, that means its spin turns faster. The spin speed accelerates until the particle cannot receive energy. Then the particle's speed starts to slow. In that process, it sends energy waves. Because it must transfer that kinetic energy somewhere. Black holes send gravitational waves when they slow their speed and release energy that is stored in them. 

The arrow of time (or time arrow) in the modern universe. 

Why doesn't the time arrow (arrow of time) work in the modern universe? There is one very good explanation. There is too much space in the modern universe. When a time arrow moves forward, it pushes energy to objects like particles around it. And then that energy pushes particles back in time. But the problem is that this requires that the particle can store the energy that it gets. In the modern universe, a receiving particle takes that energy into its quantum field. And then releases that energy immediately. 

The time arrow that pushes an object back in time requires a situation where a particle that receives energy will not give that energy away immediately. So the system must be dense enough and harness energy from a large enough area that the time arrow (or arrow of time) can push particles back in time. 

When we think about things like wormholes, those hypothetical energy tornadoes are one version of the time arrows. The wave movement tornado around the wormhole stores energy from around it. Then that energy will move to an object that travels in the wormhole. That energy can prevent an object from aging because that thing will not let the energy out from that particle or object. The case where the wormhole transports objects back in time is this. 

Diagram of the Meissner effect. Magnetic field lines, represented as arrows, are excluded from a superconductor when it is below its critical temperature. (Wikipedia, Meissner effect). Can this kind of effect be possible in the gravitational fields? In this image, Tc= temperature critical or critical temperature. The critical temperature means that below the critical temperature. The Meissner effect turns into reality. Could there also be a density critical that makes the gravity field act like EM-fields act in the Meissner effect? 

The energy level in those objects that travel in a wormhole must rise higher than the energy shadow at the front of the particle can transport that thing out from the object. The black hole is one type of time arrow. The black hole is a very fast-spinning object that collects quantum fields from around it and transforms that thing into kinetic energy. That means the black hole’s spin accelerates all the time. But that acceleration stops sooner or later. When the spinning speed of a black hole slows, it sends gravitational radiation or gravitational waves. 

When a black hole or any other particle spins in the energy field, it collects energy from that field. That thing makes an energy pothole. The pothole is the wormhole back in time. The particle can harness energy only from its environment. The thing in black hole cases is that the black hole is not eternal. It makes a hole through time. But the reason why the time arrow works in that case is that the energy field in that pothole is dense enough. The energy cannot escape from the black hole as easily as it could escape from some other objects. The black hole’s energy level can rise so high that it breaks the energy barrier around it. And that causes black hole destruction. The black hole travels back in time until it starts to deliver its energy. 

But why can gravity slow aging? The answer can be in the nature of gravity. If we think that gravity is one form of the Meissner effect, the particle that spins just makes energy fields travel past the particle. That makes quantum levitation. In the case of black holes, particles are in the same direction. And that makes the effect more powerful. The fast spin packs energy, or quantum fields, from such large areas that the object cannot release its energy through that thing. The dense material causes quantum fields to travel through the extremely dense object. Those energy fields or waves are like time arrows. They push objects in the middle of them back in time because they cannot let quantum fields travel through them. 

That means if we want to make a time machine that uses a time arrow, we should make extremely dense pearls. Then we must shoot particles or laser beams through it. That pumps energy to the structure around the channel. But for working that requires extremely dense materials. 

https://www.ecoticias.com/en/humanity-breaks-time-for-the-first-time/18338/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrow_of_time

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meissner_effect

AI is a good surveillance tool that turns George Orwell’s 1984 vision into a child's game.

"Illustration of AI-powered web browsers revolutionizing mobile navigation and impacting Global Engine Optimization, generated by artificial intelligence." (RudeBaguette, “They’ll Know Everything You Click”: AI-Powered Mobile Browsers Are Here and GEO Experts Warn “This Changes the Surveillance Game”

Every day, we see warnings about how some browsers collect data. But for some reason, we don’t care about those warnings. We blame companies like OpenAI, Meta, and Google for collecting data about us. But then we don’t do anything for that thing. We blame data centers for using too much energy. But then we force people to use those tools because they are effective, and the company behind the wall uses those tools. 

People like Elon Musk give warnings about AI. But then they just begin their own AI project the next day. People warn that AI takes the jobs, but the problem is that people who give warnings are put in many workplaces to operate under fixed-term employment contracts. And then they start to care about the jobs only when their own workplace is under threat. 

(RudeBaguette, “They’ll Know Everything You Click”: AI-Powered Mobile Browsers Are Here and GEO Experts Warn “This Changes the Surveillance Game”

The AI-based browser technology can collect data that people use from their mobile devices. AI-based data collection is the tool that raises corporations above the state. The multinational corporations can operate outside the law, and those corporations will never go to jail for those kinds of things. They can outsource non-ethical R&D work to states where there is no law that restricts data collection. 

AI is a powerful tool because it can collect and connect data from multiple sources. Things like smart watches that collect data from blood pressure can tell about stress reactions that we want to hide before we know that reaction. Technology like a brain-computer interface is based on voluntary things. Those needed microchips will be put into people’s brains only in special cases where a person is fully paralyzed. 

Those are the rules in Western countries. But most of the people in the world are not living in Western states. Those people live in states that don’t even try to follow the same principles that we used to follow. And there are lots of people like mafia bosses and warlords in Afghanistan who operate without caring about the law. 

Things like mind-reading E-tattoos can be a tool that breaks the limits between computer and human. But those tattoos can also cause problems with privacy. The E-tattoo can include two parts. The other tattoo is at the front of the user's head. And another is behind the head. Then the system that might look like a bandanna will be connected with those tattoos. And that can be observed in a person's thoughts. This kind of brain-computer interface (BCI) doesn’t need surgery, and that can bring every person's BCI into reality. But those systems can also open the most private things that we have, our brains, to hackers. 

(Rude Baguette, “It Knows Before You Do”: Mind-Reading e-Tattoo Tracks Stress in Real Time and Privacy Advocates Are Sounding the Alarm)

"Illustration of an innovative e-tattoo monitoring brain activity in high-stakes environments, generated by artificial intelligence." (Rude Baguette, “It Knows Before You Do”: Mind-Reading e-Tattoo Tracks Stress in Real Time and Privacy Advocates Are Sounding the Alarm)

But there are people who don’t care about those rules. This is why people who work with those systems should have a chance to tell authorities if somebody has asked for things like AI-based surveillance systems from them. There is a possibility that the people will train the AI agent to use surveillance tools. And then they will give access to that assistant to people who work for organized crime. If somebody asks for that kind of favor, those people should have a chance to tell them about those things. 

The next-generation social media that allows us to track everything is already here. Things like intelligent tattoos that are used to research stress are interesting tools. They can observe nervous systems and see unpredictable activity. The same way intelligent watches and other sensors see how our blood pressure reacts to the environment. Those systems know what happens in our bodies before us. And things like WiFi are excellent tools to transmit to the sports coach. Or to people who want to break our final privacy. Those body-connected sensors are important tools for sports, but they can also tell things like stress. 

If people face a stressful situation again, like a similar place where an accident happens, our body will react to that situation immediately. The sensor sees when our pulse rises, and things like blood pressure rise. The same way the AI can see, does a person's steps change? And that tells us that there is something going on in the mind of the person. When we think about brain-computer interfaces (BCI), those systems can scan people’s thoughts. 

There is always a possibility that those brain-implanted microchips are used for some kind of control tool. And those systems allow bad boys to control even thoughts. We know that there are certain regulations about those systems. But there are people who have money and power. The drug lords of the cocaine cartels and some ruthless dictators might be interested in technology that allows them to observe thoughts. Or they can make much more. Those systems can control our thoughts. 

The system that can control the frontal lobe is the tool that can turn humans into robots. The system can include two microchips: the chip that sends electric impulses to the frontal lobe. And another microchip is at the neck. We know that the data those systems need is restricted. But there can always be people who cooperate with unauthorized organizations like organized crime. 

https://www.rudebaguette.com/en/2025/07/theyll-know-everything-you-click-ai-powered-mobile-browsers-are-here-and-geo-experts-warn-this-changes-the-surveillance-game/

https://www.rudebaguette.com/en/2025/07/it-knows-before-you-do-mind-reading-e-tattoo-tracks-stress-in-real-time-and-privacy-advocates-are-sounding-the-alarm/

Training the AI is similar to training dogs.

"Illustration of OpenAI's ChatGPT undergoing rigorous testing and safeguards to ensure ethical AI use, generated by artificial intelligence." (RudeBaguette, “They’re Training It Like a Bomb-Sniffing Dog”: Inside OpenAI’s High-Stakes Effort to Prevent a ChatGPT Meltdown)

Open AI markets the new AI-tool called Chat GPT agent. That tool is possible to use as a customized AI assistant. When we think about AI and its training, we can compare that thing with training dogs. The trainer must be patient and finalizing the tool is the longest period in the process. It’s possible that the AI is ready in a very short time. But then trimming that tool takes a long time. In that process things like non-wanted reactions are removed. And the system will deny giving wrong or wrong type answers. The AI must have some kind of profile that its users need. Then the user groups are training AI to give responses to all normal situations. 

The AI must be carefully trained if it must give some kind of customer service. The AI must follow the customer’s orders but refuse to follow orders that the user must not have any permissions. Those things are spyware and other malicious software making. If the AI has no regulations to refuse orders to make or show things like computer virus code that means the AI can turn into a tool that the hackers can use to create malware like spying tools. 

AI is a powerful tool that can make many things for their users. The AI is a perfect tool to make spyware and other kinds of malware tools. And that makes AI dangerous. The AI can create code that can transform in a very short time. That kind of code is sometimes impossible to detect. AI can be a tool that creates that kind of thing. This is the reason why developers must be careful about things like what kind of things users must have the right to make and what they should not make. AI assistants like Chat GPT agents are tools that can turn wet daydreams for people like Kim Jong-Un. The AI assistants can make hackers work more effectively. 

Complicated computer viruses called logical bombs that destroy databases in a certain moment can make the worst of all nightmares true. The logical bomb that is connected to weapon launch can shutdown the warships or even the entire nation’s defense. Logical bomb is the malicious program that erases things like databases and other things like that. The database erasing can remove targets from nuclear weapons. Or it can launch a security protocol and the nuclear weapon control can think that the weapon launch is unauthorized. 

The logical bomb in the system is always dangerous. The thing is that AI is always dangerous, if humans want to make it dangerous. AI that can interact or command physical tools are dangerous if there is some kind of error in programming. Or if something changes programming at the wrong moment. The complex programming can include complex malware. When we use AI we must remember a golden rule in data security. The golden rule is this: the thing that the programmer or program’s maker doesn't tell can be more important than things that they tell. 

So, those people can always tell lies. And we must prepare ourselves for the possibility that somebody collects information without permission. People like Kim Jong-un have power. They can search for Western criminals among their allies. They can offer drugs and guns to people who cooperate with them. And those people who own their country can also offer safe places for Western gangsters. Western criminals can establish companies that train those AI assistants for Kim Jong-un. Those companies can operate under the name of Western people, who might smuggle drugs. North Korean chemical factories can create those drugs for Western markets. And they need effective guns and a deliverer for those chemicals. But people who work in those companies can be North Korean agents. 

https://www.rudebaguette.com/en/2025/07/theyre-training-it-like-a-bomb-sniffing-dog-inside-openais-high-stakes-effort-to-prevent-a-chatgpt-meltdown/

What does an electron do in its tunnel? (Quantum tunnels and electrons)

"Scientists have finally glimpsed what electrons do inside a quantum tunnel, revealing a surprising hidden interaction that rewrites our understanding of a fundamental physical process. (Artist’s concept). Credit: SciTechDaily.com" (ScitechDaily, Century-Old Quantum Mystery Solved: Scientists Finally See Inside the Electron’s “Tunnel”)

One of the most interesting things in the quantum tunnels is that light travels faster in those tunnels than around them. The reason for that is that quantum fields that fall into those quantum tunnels move. And the speed of light is relative to its environment. So if a photon travels in a fast-moving quantum field. 

That photon travels faster than it does in a slower traveling field. Quantum fields are the environment. The speed of light is relative to the speed of the environment. Two photons in the same field travel at the same speed. But if another photon travels in a slower field, that photon in faster fields seems faster to a photon that travels in a slower field. 

The quantum tunnel is like a tube. All particles can make a quantum tunnel. And all quantum tunnels are wormholes. The Einstein-Rosen bridge is only the ultimate version of those things. Things like electrons and other particles can also make quantum tunnels.

Finally, researchers see what an electron does in its tunnel. And that opens new visions into quantum technology. When an electron travels in the medium, every single medium is a potential wall. And the electron tunnels itself through those walls. When an electron travels through the potential wall, it releases or receives energy.

So when an electron travels in the potential field, it pushes fields away and makes a tunnel through the potential wall. The tunnel that electrons make in the electromagnetic field is quite similar to the tunnel. Things like black holes are created in gravitational and quantum fields. In quantum tunneling, particles travel through the whirl-shaped potential wall. That potential wall is like a quantum tornado. 

And the thing that makes this quantum tunnel interesting is that the quantum tunnel can inject energy into that particle. The quantum tunnel sends radiation into itself. The quantum tunnel that spins like a whirl turns a higher energy level than the environment inside it. If that quantum whirl pumps enough energy into that particle, it can turn the particle into a black hole. Whether that happens depends on this: can a particle release its energy? 

If a particle is in a long quantum tunnel, energy that falls into the tunnel can push the particle to move deeper and deeper in the tunnel. If that particle cannot push energy out from the tunnel or break the tunnel around it, that means the particle's mass rises. That continues until the particle's energy level rises so high that it can break the whirl around it. Or it can push those fields behind it back. The third version is that the quantum tornado’s energy level decreases so low that particles can break it. That means the particle's energy level turns higher than the quantum tornado around it. 

"Spatiotemporal trajectory of an electron tunneling through Coulomb barrier under strong laser field. Credit: POSTECH" (ScitechDaily, Century-Old Quantum Mystery Solved: Scientists Finally See Inside the Electron’s “Tunnel”)

One of the things in the electron tunneling is that the electron's position must be stable. If an electron wobbles, it cannot make the quantum channel that is tight enough to it can pull an electron into it. 

"Diagram of the Meissner effect. Magnetic field lines, represented as arrows, are excluded from a superconductor when it is below its critical temperature." (Wikipedia, Meissner effect)

The idea is that the fast-spinning electron can form an effect. That looks like the Meissner effect. The spinning particle pulls a quantum field like a roll or a whirl. And if the particle can form a whirl that is long enough, that whirl can pull the particle through it. Quantum tunneling through walls happens when a particle makes a whirl through the wall. The whirl can form a quantum channel through an atom's quantum fields. And then the particle can push those fields away from its path. The particle will not interact with those quantum fields. And that makes it possible to teleport positrons through that channel. That thing can have at least military applications.

In a quantum internet, information can travel in electrons. Or the quantum tunnel around it can also transmit data. So, the system can send information impulses connecting them to electrons. Or it can send those energy waves in the quantum tunnel's or quantum whirl's walls. The third way is to transmit information in the form of wave movement through the quantum tunnel. The quantum tunnel can also offer the possibility of making quantum entanglement through that tunnel. That tunnel protects information that travels in the superposition. 

The idea in quantum mechanics is this. All particles make basically similar interactions with their environment. But the scale of the interactions between particles and the environment is different. That means beta radiation is basically a similar phenomenon to the wind, but the thing that moves in beta radiation is the electron. And in the wind, the thing that moves is the air molecule. But then we can think about the electron and its interaction with the environment. 

The big question is what makes the electron move. In beta radiation, the atom’s nucleus starts to send gamma radiation. That radiation makes an electromagnetic shadow in front of the particles. And that shadow pulls electrons into it. 

The answer can be in the thing that is similar to the Meissner effect. When the electron spin is high enough, that thing makes the electromagnetic whirl around it. Or the structures on the electron's shell touch the quantum field and start to roll it around the electron. When that channel starts to grow long enough and the energy level on the other side is higher than the other, that makes electrons travel in the channel or tunnel. 

That makes it possible to create a quantum internet that is more effective and secure than anything before. The electron can transport information between two points. But the problem is this: if researchers don’t know all parts of its interactions, and an electron touches its tunnel, that destroys information immediately. 

https://scitechdaily.com/century-old-quantum-mystery-solved-scientists-finally-see-inside-the-electrons-tunnel/

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meissner_effect

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantum_tunnelling

Researchers created an artificial cell that can move using its own chemical reactions.

Self-replicating machines, or Von Neumann machines, are artificial cells. 

The artificial cell, or biological nanomachine, is an organic structure that can make a copy of itself using polymerase reactions. So, we can say that the polymerase molecules that can duplicate themselves are the artificial cells. The nanopolymer that can self-replicate is the simplest possible artificial cell. If that kind of polymer travels in the desired cells, it can simply fill those cells. That means those molecules act like ricin. The nanomachine can also destroy the cell so that the gangrene will not spread. 

Those organic polymers can also be used to close blood vessels. In ideal cases, those molecules can make copies of themselves using molecules that are in their environment. So the nanomachine can benefit similar proteins that form cells. That makes those polymers suitable for surgical operations. But those things can also have military applications. The artificial cell can produce those molecules. The cell can release them through its ion pump. 

"The terms "artificial cell" and "synthetic cell" are used in a variety of different fields and can have different meanings, as it is also reflected in the different sections of this article. Some stricter definitions are based on the assumption that the term "cell" directly relates to biological cells and that these structures therefore have to be alive (or part of a living organism) and, further, that the term "artificial" implies that these structures are artificially built from the bottom-up, i.e. from basic components. As such, in the area of synthetic biology, an artificial cell can be understood as a completely synthetically made cell that can capture energy, maintain ion gradients, contain macromolecules as well as store information and have the ability to replicate. This kind of artificial cell has not yet been made." (Wikipedia, Artificial cell) 

That is the nanotechnical version of the artificial cells. Technology advances, and AI can read DNA quite well. That means the DNA-controlled nanomachines, like cells that produce medicines, travel in the body, search for the right cells, and then inject those medicines into targeted cells, can be a reality quite soon. Those cells might have a self-destruction mode. When they do their mission, they will destroy themselves. Those cells might not have the ability to decay. But there is always the possibility that some retrovirus can destroy that self-destruction mechanism. 

The macro-size version of those things is the automated factory that uses robot swarms and robot groups to make a copy of itself. Those automated, AI-controlled systems can play a vital role in space exploration. 

The automated factory utilizes robots to source materials for new robots and other products that can be manufactured using advanced 3D printers. That system can create a fully functioning copy of itself. So that means the Von Neumann machines, or self-replicating machines, are some kind of macro cells. The nano-sized artificial cell is the nano-sized Von Neumann machine. 

But the artificial cell can also mean that DNA is cleaned of unnecessary sequences. That means those artificial cells can make only things that their creators want. The artificial cell can create many things, like artificial spider silk, which is one of the strongest materials in nature. The hollow fiber of nanosilk can be used to destroy targeted cells. Those nano-silk fibers can lock the targeted cells' ion pumps. Or they can be used to inject things like biologically produced medicines into the desired cells.  Artificial cells are like physical versions of distilled AI. Those cells can do only things that their creators want. 

The polymerase chain reactions make it possible to create lots of those systems. The self-replicating molecules can make new types of medicine possible. And they can also be used in self-assembly structures. But the artificial cells required outside energy sources, until now. The internal power source makes those cells more independent. That allows them to travel in the body and search for things like bacteria and cancer cells. 

https://interestingengineering.com/innovation/first-artificial-cell-chemical-navigation

https://phys.org/news/2025-05-artificial-cell-mimic-reproduction-polymeric.html

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_cell